最新医学专业英语词汇构成第讲精品课件.ppt

Example Microscope CT MRI HIV AIDS SARSChem -therapy dermat -logy Encephal -graphy Neur -logy Therm -meter SuffixRooto+vowel+Combining FormsA combining vowel is used to link a root to another root to form a compound word. gastr / o / enter / itis leuk / o / cyt / o / penia electr / o / cardi / o / gramsuffix A suffix is a short word part or series of parts added at the end of a root to modify its meaninggastritisgastr- -itis-icgastricgastrology-ologyThree Rules of Word Building Rule 1: A word root links a suffix that begins with a vowel. Rule 2: A combining form (root + o) links a suffix that begins with a consonant. Rule 3: A combining form (root + o) links a root to another root to form a compound word. Rule 1: A word root links a suffix that begins with a vowel.leuk -emia Cephal -algia gastr -itis append -ectomy Word Root Suffix terms leukemiacephalalgiagastritis appendectomy Rule 2: A combining form (root + o) links a suffix that begins with a consonant.Gastr -scope men -rrhea angi -rrhexisUreter -lith Word Root Suffix terms gastr/o/scopemen/o/rrheaangi/o/rrhexisureter/o/lithRule 3: A combining form (root + o) links a root to another root to form a compound word. gastr / o / enter / itis leuk / o / cyt / o / penia electr / o / cardi / o / gramExercisescarcin _ -oma = carcinoma+aden-_ = adenocarcinomaCardi _ -gram = cardiogram+electrocardiogramElectr-_ =Prefix A prefix is a word element located at the beginning of a word which added before a root to modify its meaning. Substituting one prefix for another prefix changes the meaning of the word. A prefix usually indicates a number, time, position, or negation. macro/cyte - a large cellMicro/cyte - a small cellPost/natal behind / after birthpre/natal before birthperi/card/itis Inflammation of the pericardium hypo- pref.在下(的);hypodermic皮下的.2)低；次；亚;hypotensioo低血压.super- pref.上;a superstructure上层建筑.超;supersonic超声速的.过分;superfluous过多的.homo- 与名词构成名词同，相同;homograph同形异义词.homology相同关系.与形容词构成形容词同的；相同的;homocentric同中心的.homosexual同性恋爱的.Word elementsPrefix RootSuffix Prefix RootSuffix wordEndo- + card + -itisDefining Medical WordsWhen defining a medical word, first define the suffix. Second, define the beginning of the word; finally, define the middle of the word. Here is an example using the term osteoarthritis. oste/o/arthr/itis (2) (3) (1)1. -itis means inflammation.2. oste/o means bone.3. arthr means joint.Therefore, oste/o/arthr/itis is an inflammation of the bone and joint. gastr/o/enter/itis1. -itis means inflammation.2. gastr/o means stomach.3. enter means intestine. inflammation of somach and intestine