英语主谓一致复习课件.ppt

主谓一致意义一致意义一致Grammatical concordNotional concordPrinciple of proximity 1.The children _ (be) playing outside.2.John _ (get) up at six oclock every morning.3.They _ (have) not come yet.4.Nobody _ (know) who is going to win in the game.aregetshaveknows主谓一致主谓一致: :主语和谓语动词之间在人称主语和谓语动词之间在人称和数方面的一致和数方面的一致.语法一致语法一致1. Both boys_have_ ( have/has ) their own rooms.2. Few students _are_(be) really lazy.3.Each boy _has_ (have/ has) his own book.4.Every student comes(come)ontime.语法一致语法一致主语和谓语动词之间关系主语和谓语动词之间关系表现在表现在 “数数” 的形式上的形式上.内容内容 一致一致1.1.MyMy familyfamily _is_ (be) a large one. _is_ (be) a large one. My My familyfamily _are_ (be) friendly. _are_ (be) friendly.2.2.The The newsnews _is_ (be) so _is_ (be) so surprising. surprising. 3.3.Seven Seven daysdays _ _is_(is_(be) too long to ) too long to wait.wait.内容内容 一致一致:主语和谓语动词的关系并非取主语和谓语动词的关系并非取决于语法上的单复数形式决于语法上的单复数形式,而而取取决于主语决于主语单复数的意义单复数的意义.1. 由and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，一个人的双重身份或匹配出现的事物时谓语动词为单数，由and连接的两个并列成分表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数。 The worker and writer is from Beijing. (那个工人兼作家) The worker and the writer are from Beijing. (那位工人和那位作家)Bread and butter is a daily food in the West.Both Cathy and her daughter Linda have gone fishing in Canada. 常见的由常见的由and连接的指一个概念的有：连接的指一个概念的有：the needle and thread 针线针线salt and water盐和水盐和水the folk and knife 刀叉刀叉 iron and steel 钢铁钢铁time and tide 岁月岁月2. everyone of one of each of either of neither of+复数名词作主语，谓语用单数。 Each of the students has a book. Each of the girls likes dancing. One of them has been abroad. Neither of the two boys is good at English.one of复数名词定语从句复数名词定语从句结构结构如果如果one前面没有限定词前面没有限定词，这个句型中的，这个句型中的“复数名词复数名词”是先行词，是先行词，定语从句的谓语动定语从句的谓语动词用复数；词用复数；如果如果one前面有前面有the only, the first, the last, the right等限定词修饰等限定词修饰，则，则one是先行词，是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。定语从句的谓语动词用单数。John is the only one of the students who has the keys.John is one of the students who have the keys.3. more than one, many a + 单数名词单数名词作主语，意义上是复数，谓语动词常作主语，意义上是复数，谓语动词常用单数。用单数。(形单意复形单意复)More than one student has tried.Many a student and teacher is watching the football match.Many a man has died in the war.4. each/every/no/many a + 单数名词 and each/every/no/many a + 单数名词 作主语，谓语动词用单数。1.Each book and each paper is foundin its place.2.Every boy and every girl has the rightto receive education.3.Many a boy and many a girl has seenthese painting.4.Every hour and minute is important.第二个each, every, no, many a可以省略。5. a+单数名词+and a half, a+单数名词+or two 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。1. A year and a half has passed.2. A day or two is enough.one or two +复数名词, one and a half +复数名词作主语，谓语用复数。1.One or two boys know it.2.One and a half months have passed since I saw him.3.A month and a half has passed since I saw him. 6. all, none, some, any 等不定代词作主语，等不定代词作主语，根根 据其指代的内容而定。据其指代的内容而定。 All are present . All the food tastes good. 7. “a number of复数名词复数名词”作主语，作主语， 谓谓语用复数语用复数; “许多许多” “the number of复数名词复数名词”作主语，作主语，谓语用单数谓语用单数。“的数量的数量”The number of traffic accidents has increased.A number of children like this song.the quantity of + 复数名词或不可数名词，复数名词或不可数名词，谓语用单数谓语用单数。a quantity of +不可数名词不可数名词,谓语用单数谓语用单数.quantities of + 复数名词或不可数名词，复数名词或不可数名词，谓语用复数。谓语用复数。Quantities of tea were sold last month.A large quantity of beer was sold out. The quantity of books in the library is amazing. 8. Quantity/ies of +名词复数名词复数/不可数名词不可数名词谓语动词要和 of 之后的名词保持一致。 91.Two-thirds of the people present are against the plan.2.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is covered by sea.3.Over twenty percent of the city was destroyed in the war.4.Forty-five percent of the doctors were women.5.Only 40 percent of the students in the class are boys.10. 集体名词集体名词class, family, army, team, club, population, enemy, party, crowd, majority, crew, audience, government, public, group, committee等作主语。强调整体用单数，指个体成员用复数。 His family is in Harbin. His family are music lovers.The committee was made up of 10 members.The committee were in the hall. 1His family _ a small one2His family _ fat and short A. is, is B. are, are C. is, are D. are, is 此题应选此题应选 。family是一个集合名词，是一个集合名词，具有单数具有单数(侧重指整体侧重指整体)和复数和复数(侧重指侧重指个体个体)两种可能。两种可能。但是并不是所有的集合名词都具有以上两种用法： 1. 有的集合名词总是用作单数有的集合名词总是用作单数(不可数不可数)：clothing衣服，衣服，poetry 诗歌，诗歌，luggage 行行李，李，furniture家俱，家俱，scenery 景色等。景色等。 2. 有的集合名词总是表示复数意义有的集合名词总是表示复数意义：people人，人，police警察，警察，cattle牲口等。牲口等。3. goods, clothes, glasses, shoes, scissors及及trousers, compasses等以复数形式出等以复数形式出现的名词作主语，谓语用复数；现的名词作主语，谓语用复数；4. news, politics, maths, physics, plastics等形式为复数而意义为单数的名词作主等形式为复数而意义为单数的名词作主语，谓语用单数。语，谓语用单数。The goods belong to Mr. Wang.No news is good news.My trousers are new.11. “theadj./v-ed/v-ing”作主语作主语 the + dying, young, old, blind, rich, sick, wounded, poor及及dead等词，等词，相相当于复数名词，代表整个类别，故作当于复数名词，代表整个类别，故作主语时谓语用复数。主语时谓语用复数。The old in China are living a happy life.The wounded have been saved.The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.12. 表示时间、距离、钱额、重量、空间、体积等意义的复数名词作主语，谓语动词常用单数。1. Eight hours of sleep is enough.2. A hundred miles is a long distance.13. 动名词、不定式、从句做主语动名词、不定式、从句做主语1).单个动名词或不定式作主语，谓语单个动名词或不定式作主语，谓语用单数。用单数。Making speeches is not her strong point.Growing flowers needs constant watering.2). 由由that, where, when, whether, how等等词引导的名词性从句作主语，主句的谓词引导的名词性从句作主语，主句的谓语常用单数形式。语常用单数形式。How they can finish their work is still unknown.Where we will go has not been decided.When and where to hold the meeting _ not decided.When to hold the meeting and where to have lunch _ not decided.isare14. Not only he but also I am invited. I or his brothers were to blame.Neither I nor he is to attend the meeting.Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film.Not only I but Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be析析: 由由“or, eitheror, neithernor, notbut, not only but also”连接连接两个并列主语时，动词与靠近的主两个并列主语时，动词与靠近的主语保持一致。语保持一致。15.当当 there be/ here be 句型的主语是一句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。持一致。 1. There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 2. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 3. Here is a letter and a book for you.4. There are three chairs, two tables and a bike in the house.主语后跟主语后跟结构时，谓语动词一般和前结构时，谓语动词一般和前面的主语保持一致。面的主语保持一致。 1. The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom.2. Tom, as much as you, was responsible for the loss. 3. He more than you is anxious to go there.A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a giftA. is offered B. has offeredC. are offered D. have offered1. _ you or he the teacher of English? Neither my sister nor my mother _ present at the meeting. A. Are, was B. Is, were C. Are, are D. Is, is 2. When and where to build the new factory_ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided析析: 当当when和和where加不定式指的是加不定式指的是同一件事时，谓语动词用单数。同一件事时，谓语动词用单数。 A4. E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication. A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play5. One or two days _ enough to see the city A. is B. are C. am D. be6. Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind A. is B. are C. am D. be7. Not the teacher, but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film A. is B. are C. am D. be8. His “Selected Poems” _ first published in 1965. A. were B. was C. has been D. have been9. A woman with some children _ soonA. is coming B. are coming C. has come D. have come10. No one except my parents _ anything about this。A. know B. knows C. is known D. are knownNo one knows anything about this except my parents.11. The teacher as well as the students _ the book already A. has read B. have read C. are reading D. is reading12. All but one _ in the accident A. was killed B. were killed C. will be killed D. are killed All were killed in the accident but one.13.The number of people invited _fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; wasB. was; was C. was; wereD. were; were14. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass. 99sh A. Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are15. Mathematics _ the language of science. A. is B. are going to be C. are D. were16. A good deal of money _ spent on books. A. have B. has C. have been D. has been17. On the wall _ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging18. “_turn green in spring. A. Leaf B. Leafs C. Leave D. Leaves 19. Nobody but Jane _ the secret.A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known 20. All but one _ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were高考真题训练1. One third of the country _covered with trees and the majority of the citizens_black people. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; are D. are; is2. Barbara is easy to recognize as shes the only one of the women who _ evening dress. A.wear B.wears C.has worn D.have worn3. Listening to loud music at rock concerts caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C. has D. haveABC4. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _ rising steadily since1990. A. is B. are C. has been D. have been 5. The teacher together with the students _ discussing Reading Skills that _ newly published in America. A. are; were B. is; were C. are; was D. is; was 6. Either you or one of your students _ to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. A. are B. is C. have D. be7. Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, visit Beijing this summer. A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to8. Did you go to the show last night? Yeah. Every boy and girl in the areainvited. A. were B. have been C. has been D. wasCDBAD9. A survey of the opinions of expertsthat three hours of outdoor exercise a week good for ones health. A. show; are B. shows; isC. show; is D. shows; are10. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area. A. need repairingB. needs to repair C. needs repairingD. need to repair11. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _ yet. A. hasnt been decided B. havent decided C. isnt being decided D. arent decided12. Most of what has been said about the Smithsalso true of the Johnsons. A. areB. isC. beingD. to beBAAB13.The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter. A. is going B. go C. goes D. are going14. As you can see, the number of cars on roads _ rising these days. A. was keeping B. keep C. keeps D. were keeping 15. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good eartheach year. A. is washing awayB. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away16. The country life he was used to _ greatly since 1992. A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changedCCDB