2022年阅读填空解题技巧含答案 .pdf
学习必备欢迎下载阅读填空解题技巧及专练一、阅读填空题考纲说明：1、对所读文章中关键信息的正确判断和采集2、适当的句型转换3、原文细节信息的正确理解4、正确的使用英语解释英语5、主旨大意的归纳二、主要试题类型：1、直接信息题： （2-4 空）此类题是基础题，通过阅读，基本上能从短文中找到信息点，无需加工可直接填空。2、加工信息题： （2-3 空）捕捉到相关信息后，按题目“ 每空不超过3 个单词 ” 的要求将信息加工、浓缩。3、归纳概括题： （2-4 空）主要考察对“ 行、栏、标题” 的概括能力三、解题技巧：1.直接信息题-查读法获取信息1).带着问题有意识地在细节处和关键处做标记2).根据最醒目的字眼（time、age、number、place )3).依据信息词： who，what， when，where，why，how first，then，after that，next， finally because，thus，lead to，caused by，as a result of but，while，instead，different from ，on the contrary，on the other hand， however/yet/still 2.加工信息题1）用名词所有格形式 s 代替介词of . eg: 1. the longer living of citizens Citizens longer living2. the old-growing of the “ baby boomers” Baby boomers old-growing 3. the rebirth of Jesus Christ Jesus Christ s rebirth2）词性转换1. to protect the environment Environment protection 2. have no right to vote. No voting right 3. She believes the saying that good luck only comes to those who are ready. Her belief is that good luck only comes to those who are ready. 3）利用构词法进行转换1. People who have strong will . the strong-willed people 2. A country which was highly developed a highly-developed country 3. A factory which makes paper a paper-making factory 4. Products that are made by hand hand-made products 4)句子结构转换(用名词短语、分词短语代句子）1. The dishes taste delicious. delicious dishes 2. Tree s leaves are falling falling tree s leaves 3. The “ graying” of the U.S. will greatly affect the nation s family and workforce. One likely development will be a gradual change in the family unit; it will move away from the nuclear family towards a multigenerational family. The other likely development will be a change in the proportion（比例） of the nationals workforce.81. 82. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页学习必备欢迎下载83. 答案： 81. Effects / Results 82. Family unit change 83. Workforce proportion change 3、归纳概括题1）了解短文体裁：以说明文为主，也可能是记叙文、议论文说明文：现象 原因（分析）（所带来的）影响和结果features, characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, reasons, causes, results, effects 记叙文事件 经过 结果 events, time, place, reason, cause, result, effect 人物 生平 评价name, sex, age, birthplace, achievements, life experiences, comments, remarks, belief, motto, 议论文：原理(论点） 事例（论据） 结论 topic, opinion, theory, examples, conclusion 2）概括性词语的要求1.概括性（在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息) 2.针对性（不能太大或太小,量体裁衣 ,大小适度）3）积累典型的总结性词汇：1.表原因： reason(for), cause(of); 2.表目的： purpose, goal, aim; 3.表种类： type, kind, category; 4.表方式 ,方法： means, way, method, solution, approach, tip 5.表方位： location, position; 6.表建议： advice, suggestion, tip, 7.表态度，观点：attitude, idea, opinion; 8.表用途，功能：use, usage, function 9.表变化，趋势：change, trend, development, 10. 表描述： description, appearance, look, color, size, length, width, distance, height, shape 11. 表来源，历史：history, source, origin 12.表影响 ,结果：effect,influence,result,consequence 13. 表措施，行动：measure, action, behavior 14.表益处，不利：benefit, advantage, disadvantage, 15. 表迹象，征兆：sign, symptom 16. 表概括，总结：summery, conclusion 17. 表主题： topic, theme, subject 18. 表特点： feature, characteristics, character 19. 表评论，评价：comment, remark, assessment 20. 表问题： problem, question, issue 21. 表要求，需求：demand, need, requirement, qualification 22. 表内容，项目：content, item 23. 表信息： information 24. 表情绪，感觉： feeling, emotion, motivation 25. 表定义： definition 26. 表步骤： step, procedure, process 27. 表异同： difference, similarity 28. 表时间，年代，年龄：date, time, age 29. 表事件： incident, event 根据文中信息判断概括词: 例如：1.根据 how 判断用 ways, tips, methods, solutions, etc. 2. 根据 in all, in short 判断用 summery; 3. 根据 refer to; be; be called 判断用 definition; 4. 根据 therefore, thus, so, as a result判断用 result, conclusion 5. 根据 find, discover 判断用 findings 四、几点注意：1、浏览表格格式：表格就是文章内容的浓缩，也可以说是文章的提纲，一般来说，表格的结构就是文章的结构，所以认真分析表格的结构非常重要。做题时一定要“左看右看，上看下看” ，找出其规律2、做题的顺序应讲究先细节，再主旨；先小段意，再大段意3、由文中的现词加工而来的答案一定是最佳的答案4、提炼句意、段意和文章的标题时，要注意提取句中的关键词和文中反复出现的词，注重精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页学习必备欢迎下载首段和各段首句5、注意了解文章大意，特别注意表格前的小标题，它通常是段落和表格的主题句五、需要改正的问题: 1.书写不规范 .该大写或小写的地方没有大写或小写2.答题不合要求,没有注意 不准超过三个单词的答题要求3.形式不准确（左顾右盼，上看下看）4.英语知识不能灵活运用六、专题训练：（一）A person searches various websites for different reasons, such as school, work, or entertainment. For teenagers, many information resources on the Internet can be used. As a matter of fact, there are educational, music and art websites that are truly helpful to teenagers, because they can help make one s life easier.Education websites are helpful to a teenager in doing school work and searching for a colleag. Some can help studying for testes ,explaining a lesson , and doing homeward .Some can help find the right school based on one s interests. And still others have pages devoted to the social life at each colleges or the species activities that at a certain school. Some free music sites enable a teenager to diversify their musical_ tastes. On these sites, all types of music are available such as pop, jazz and country One can type in a song ，category or artist and his or her entire catalog appears. ThenThe listener can make multiple play lists without creating an account( 账户 ) with the site. There various art web, sites that can help students to appreciate and create art pieces. On these sites , a student can view numerous photos and art pieces from different Mediums or create an account with the website to upload their art pieces for people to see. In addition, one can enjoy various art people have created on display for the rest of the world . Truly informative resources offered on the Internet. The best suggestion one can receive is to try to look for new websites that can help in the educational ，music, or art area so one can become well-rounded and informed. （2011 湖南卷）Truly Helpful Websites for Teenagers Many 71 are available on various websites. IEducational sites: helping one 72and search for a college Study for tests, explain a lesson , and do homework Find the right school that one 73 learn information about college social life and 74 II Free music sites ：75 to diversify musical tastes Listen to all types of music Type in a song, category, or artist to get an entire catalog make multiple playlists 76 III. 77 ： helping one appreciate and create works View photos and works from mediums 78 for others to see 79 on display Helpful websites can make teenagers 80 （二）What is eco-fashion? Eco-fashion is a complex phenomenon and the common use of the term covers two aspects of fashion ecological and ethical （伦理的） . Ecological fashion 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页学习必备欢迎下载usually refers to textile( 织物 ) and clothing production processes and the environmental issues(议题) surrounding them; ethical fashion generally relates to the working conditions involved in the producing processes. What are the problems with fashion? Firstly, the production of textiles pollutes the environmental heavily. Cotton-planting uses pesticides; sheep-farming and wool-cleaning contribute to global warming; synthetics-making (人造纤维生产 ) brings about harmful waste. Secondly, every stage of clothing production has a significant effect on the environment. They all use a great deal of energy, and some also involve harmful chemicals. In addition to this, there is a lot of waste produced in the process, especially in the form of polluted water. Thirdly, growing consumption levels and our shopping habits further worsen the bad effects. We are now buying clothes in increasing quantities without realizing the scale on which it affects natural environment, and we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worm only a couple of times. Then, how to solve the problem? To a large degree, it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future. There are numerous ways in which these producers can reduce their ecological footprint, from switching to green energy and reducing energy use, through selecting sustainable( 可持续使用的) materials and choosing local suppliers, to recycle and minimize waste. On the other hand, as consumers we can all make contributions by selecting environmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing consumption. Now many people are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of eating food free of chemicals are straightforward and immediate. They relate directly to our person health. In fact, choosing eco-fashion can also contribute to our personal health, though it is mostly done by way of keeping the health of the planet. （2009 湖南卷）Why choose eco-fashion? 76 of fashion Ecological Textile & clothing production processes Related environmental issues Ethical 77 involved 78 with fashion Textile production Cotton-planting: use of pesticides 79 : global warming Synthetics-making: harmful waste 80 Consuming a great deal of energy Using harmful chemicals Producing a lot of waste Consumption levels & shopping habits New clothes: bought 81 Old clothes: thrown away quickly 82 to problems Fashion producers Ways to 83 and minimize waste: Switching to green energy Reducing energy use Selecting sustainable materials Choosing local suppliers 84 Selecting environmentally friendly clothing 85 Choosing eco-fashion can contribute to our personal health. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页
