人教版八年级英语下册1-5单元知识点归纳.doc

如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流人教版八年级英语下册1-5单元知识点归纳【精品文档】第 12 页Unit 1 Whats the matter?一、短语归纳1. have a cold 感冒2. have a stomachache 胃痛3. have a fever 发烧4. have a cough 咳嗽5. have a toothache 牙痛6. have a headache 头痛7. have a sore back 背痛= have a backache8. have a sore throat 喉咙痛9. talk too much 说得太多10. see a dentist 看牙医11. go to a doctor 看医生12. get an X-ray 拍X光13. lie down 躺下14. lie down and rest 躺下休息15. have a rest 休息16. take a break 休息=take breaks17. take your temperature 量你的体温18. hurt herself 伤到她自己19. cut myself 切到我自己20. cut off 切除 cut down 砍到 cut up 切断 cut out 删除21. get off 下车22. make a decision 做决定23. to my surprise 令我惊讶的是24. on the weekend在周末=on weekends25. in the same way 以相同的方式26. without thinking twice 毫不犹豫27. thanks to 多亏 thanks for 因而感谢（+名词/动词ing）28. in time 及时 on time 按时29. save a life 挽救生命30. get into trouble 陷入麻烦31. right away 马上32. fall down 跌倒33. wait for 等待34. be interested in doing sth. 对做某事感兴趣35. give up 放弃二、用法集萃1. 询问有什么病或有什么麻烦：What s the matter (with sb.)?2. 疾病的表达：have/has a+疾病名称3. 太多：too much +不可数名词； too many + 可数名词复数形式太：much too +形容词4. enough 足够的：形容词+enough enough +名词 it is enough +to do sth.5. lie 躺下 过去式：lay 现在分词：lying6. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事（正在进行）see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事（看见动作的全过程）7. expect to do sth. 期望做某事8. need to do sth. 需要做某事9. help sb. ( to ) do sth. 帮助某人做某事10. tell sb. ( not ) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事11. ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事12. want to do sth. 想要做某事13. agree to do sth.同意做某事 disagree to do sth. 不同意做某事agree with sb. 同意某人的意见14. trouble问题；麻烦have trouble/problem doing sth. 做某事有困难15. 介词+doing 常见的介词有：at; for; with; without; in about16. be/ get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事17. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事18. mind doing tsh. 介意做某事19. 反身代词：myself 我自己 yourself 你自己 himself 他自己 herself 她自己 itself 它自己复数：ourselves 我们自己 yourselves 你们自己 themselves 他们自己20. knife-knives 刀名词复数规则变化： 一般情况+s 以e结尾+s 以s、x、ch、sh结尾+es 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i+es 以o结尾，有生命+es; 无生命+s 以f/fe结尾，变f/fe为v+es不规则变化：foot-feet脚、足 tooth-teeth 牙齿 man-men男人 woman-women女人 mouse-mice老鼠21. important 重要的 importance 重要性 different 不同的 difference 差异性22. death 死亡（名词） die 死（动词） dead 死的（形容词）三、书面表达How to keep healthy如何保持健康Health is important. Everyone wants to be healthy. Let me tell you how to keep healthy.First of all, we should eat healthy food. We should eat more vegetables and fruit. We also need to drink milk. Secondly, we should exercise a lot. We should do some sports after school. Finally, we should have enough sleep. To have a good rest, we should go to bed early and get up early. I think it is important for us to keep healthy.Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.一、 短语归纳1. clean up 打扫干净 cheer up 使兴起来 代词放中间2. give out 分发3. hand out 分发4. come up with 想出；提出（idea、plan等）5. put off 推迟 put on穿衣服 put up 张贴 put away 把收好6. call up 打电话；征召7. used to do sth. 曾经做某事 be used to ding sth.习惯于做某事8. lonely孤独的（常用于feel之后） alone 独自一人9. care for 照顾 take care of10. a feeling of satisfaction 一种满足感11. try out 参加选拔12. raise money 募捐13. fix up修理14. give away 赠送（money、old clothes/books等） give up 放弃15. take after （外貌或行为）像16. be similar to 与相似17. set up 建立18. make a difference 影响；有作用19. disabled people 残疾人20. make a plan 制定计划21. old peoples home 养老院22. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难23. a book lover 书迷24. at the age of 在岁时25. come true 实现（与dream连用）26. at the same time 同时27. homeless people 无家可归的人28. be worried about 为而担心 worry about 担心29. for example 例如30. run out of 用完31. notany more 不再32. at once立刻；马上= right away二、用法集萃1. volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事2. difficult 困难的 difficulty 困难 have difficulty ( in ) doing sth.做某事有困难3. excited 兴奋的（人作主语） exciting 使人兴奋的（物作主语）口诀：人+ed 物+ing4. 疑问词（how, what, where）to do 5. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 名词形式：decision make a decision 做决定6. learn to do sth. 学习做某事7. a good way to do sth. 做某事的好方法8. would like to do sth.= want to do sth. 想要做某事9. thank you for sth./doing sth. 因某事/做某事而感谢10. kind善良的 kindness善意Unit3 Could you please clean your room?一、 短语归纳1. do the dishes 清洗餐具2. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾3. fold the clothes 叠衣服 fold my/your/his clothes4. sweep the floor 扫地5. make the bed 铺床 make my/your/his bed6. clean the living room 打扫客厅7. help out with sth. 帮助解决某事8. at least 至少9. come over 过来；顺便来访10. in front of 在前面11. take the dog for a walk 遛狗12. all the time 一直13. as soon as 一就14. in surprise 惊讶地15. hang out 闲逛16. do chores 做家务17. a waste of time 浪费时间18. in order to 为了19. get good grades 取得好成绩20. depend on 依靠21. take care of = care for= look after 照顾22. as a result 结果23. fall ill 生病二、 用法集萃1. finish doing sth.完成做某事2. if 如果（主将从现，if后为从句，用一般现在时）；是否（位于动词之后）3. as soon as 一就. 主将从现，as soon as后为从句4. reply angrily 生气地回答（副词修饰动词，一般位于动词之后）a beautiful dog一只漂亮的狗（形容词修饰，名词，位于名词前） 口诀：形名动副5. be angry with sb. 生某人的气6. as +形容词原级+ as 和一样7. neither did I 我也没有neither + be动词/助动词（do/does/did）/情态动词+主语 “主语也不.”so + be动词/助动词（do/does/did）/情态动词+主语 “主语也”8. can-could 可以 can, could还可以表示请求，could比can更有礼貌 肯定回答：Sure. /Of course. / No problem. / Yes, sure. 否定回答：No, you cant. / Sorry, I cant. 9. ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事10. borrowfrom跟借（借进来） lendto把借给. （借出去）11. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事12. help with sth. help sb. ( to ) do tsh. 帮助做某事13. have time to do sth. 有时间做某事 have no time to do sth.没时间做某事14. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事15. make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事16. spend花费 人+spend+时间+on sth/doing sth 在某事上花时间/花时间做某事cost花费 物+cost+金钱 某物花了多少钱take(took )花费 It takes/took sb. +时间+ to do . 做某事花了某人多少时间 pay for 付费17. it is + adj ( for sb. ) + to do sth. 做某事对某人而言是的18. fair 公平的 unfair 不公平的 fairness公平性19. do ones part in doing sth. 尽自己的职责做某事20. the + 比较级， the + 比较级 越. 越比较级 and 比较级 越越the earlierthe better 越早越好better and better 越来越好Unit4 Why dont you talk to your parents?一、短语归纳1. talk to /with sb. 与某人交谈 talk about sth. 谈论某事2. free time 空闲时间3. allow ab. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事4. hang out 闲逛5. get into a fight 争吵；打架6. so that 为了；以便于7. look through 浏览；快速查看8. work out 成功地发展；解决9. get on with/get along with 和睦相处10. communicate with sb. 与某人交谈11. a big deal 重要的事12. compete with sb. 与某人竞争13. exam skills 应试技巧14. cut out 删除15. comparewith 比较16. not.until 直到才17. argue with sb. 与某人争吵18. no problem 没问题19. not.anymore 不再20. in my opinion 依我看21. thanks for 因而感谢22. all kinds of 各种各样的23. worry about 为而担心= be worried about二、用法集萃1. 提建议句型： You should / shouldnt do sth. How / What about doing sth.? Why dont you do sth.? Why not do sth.? Shall we do sth.? Lets do sth. Youd better do sth. Would you mind doing sth.?常见回答：Good idea./ Sounds interesting./ Id like to./ Great.否定：Id love to, but I have to/ Sorry, I cant.2. be angry with sb. 生某人的气3. although/though 虽然 不与but连用4. advice 建议（不可数名词）5. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事6. instead 代替；反而（位于句首或句尾） instead of 代替（位于句中）7. offer to help 提供帮助8. mind doing sth. 介意做某事9. continue to do /doing ath. 继续做某事10. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事11. a few 一些（肯定） few 一点点（否定） 修饰可数名词复数形式a little 一些（肯定）little一点点（否定） 修饰不可数名词做题步骤：先看横线后的名词，判断可数还是不可数；其次，理解句子表达的肯定还是否定12. its time for sth. 该做某事了=its time to do sth.13. compete 竞争（动词） competition 竞争（名词）14. have time to do sth.有时间做某事Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?一、 短语归纳1. go off 闹钟发出响声2. rain heavily 下大雨3. pick up 接电话；采摘4. at first 起先5. fall asleep 进入梦乡6. die down 逐渐变弱7. have a look 看一看8. make ones way 费力地前进9. in silence 沉默10. take down 拆除；往下拽；记录11. at the time of 当.的时候12. wait for 等待13. at that time 在那时（一般过去时标志词）14. wake up 醒来15. go shopping 去购物16. take a shower 洗澡17. in a mess 乱七八糟18. for example 例如19. make sure 确保二、用法集萃1. 过去进行时定义：表示在过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作。构成：was/ were +动词ing否定形式：wasnt = was not werent = were not标志词：at this time yesterday, at nine last night等when/ while “当的时候”用法区别：when + 延续/ 非延续动词，其后常跟一般过去时while + 延续动词，其后常跟过去进行时2. begin (began) 开始 begin to do sth. 开始做某事3. report 报道 reporter 记者4. sleep 睡觉 sleepy 瞌睡的 asleep 睡着的5. true 真的 truly 真正地 truth 事实6. either 也不（否定句句末） too 也（肯定句句末） also 也 （肯定句句中）7. help with sth. 在某方面需要帮助8. it is + adj. (for sb. ) + to do sth. 对某人而言，做某事是.的9. 表时间：in + 年份、月份、季节、早中晚等不具体时间on + 星期、日期等具体时间at + 时间点10. so that. 如此.以至于 （so + 形容词或副词 ）11. be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事冠词：a, an, the, /an: 用于字母a, e, i, o 前； 字母u读作/ ju /时，用a, 其他发音用an.the: 双方都知道的人或事物；特指前文已经提到过得人或事物；世界上独一无二的事物；西洋乐器前；形容词最高级前；序数词前；用在形容词前表一类人；/: 一日三餐、学科、棋类、球类前。用所给词的适当形式填空考点：名词、动词、形容词、数词名词：判断名词为可数还是不可数；不可数直接填原形；可数名词看句子表达的单数还是复数，找出依据。注意名词复数不规则变化。动词：考搭配常见动词形式：原形、三单、不定式、动词ing例：go goes to go going+do：can / could能够, make使, let让, do/does/did, should应该，must必须，have / has to 必须+doing: mind介意, finish完成, keep保持, practice练习, enjoy享受, 介词（in, on , at ,for, with）, be busy doing 忙于做be used to doing 习惯于have difficulty doing, have trouble doing, have problem doing 做 有困难how about doing, what about doing 做.怎么样look forward to doing 期待做spend time / money doing 花时间或金钱做feel like doing 想要做+ to do:want to do, need to do, tell sb. ( not ) to do, ask ab. ( not ) to do, would like to do, decide to do, allow sb. to do, wish to do, expect to do, hope to do, plan to do, begin to do, learn to do , its time to do, its + adj. to do形容词：变名词（考虑名词形式）；变副词（一般+ly）数词：基变序 one- first, two-second, three- third.基变序，有规律，末尾加上th;一二三，特殊记，八加h, 九去e; ve要用f 替，以y结尾变ie, 末尾th莫忘记；若想表示几十几，只变个位就可以。