分词作定语和状语.doc
分词作定语非谓语动词：doing, done, to do分词：1.现在分词_; 2.过去分词_J完成句子并归纳总结。1. Look at the sleeping dog. = Look at the dog _2. Look at the dog sleeping under the tree. = Look at the dog _3. The man hitting the dog is a bad guy. = The man _ is a bad guy. 【总结】现在分词doing 可充当_，修饰某个中心词。一般情况下，当doing意群只有一个单词（句子1），doing的位置位于中心词_，可称为“前置定语”；当doing意群有两个或两个以上单词（句子2，3），doing的位置位于中心词_，称为“后置定语”，也就是“现在分词作后置定语”。doing形式一般有两种含义：时态层面，表示_（句子1，2）；语态层面，表示_（句子3）。4. Look at the fallen leaf. = Look at the leaf _5. Look at the leaf fallen on the floor. = Look at the leaf _6. The dog hit by the man is very poor. = The dog _ is very poor. 【总结】过去分词done 可充当_，修饰某个中心词。一般情况下，当done意群只有一个单词（句子4），done的位置位于中心词_，可称为“前置定语”；当done意群有两个或两个以上单词（句子5，6），done的位置位于中心词_，称为“后置定语”，也就是“过去分词作后置定语”。done形式一般有两种含义：时态层面，表示_（句子4，5）；语态层面，表示_（句子6）。练习：1. Last night, there were millions of people _(watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.2. The club, _(found) 25 years ago, is holding a party for past and present members.现在分词作状语J参考句子1，分析句子逻辑关系，边改写句子边归纳总结。1. Seeing its mother entering the room, the baby stopped crying.= When the baby saw its mother entering the room, it stopped crying. (seeing its mother entering the room作时间状语)2. Being ill, I stayed at home.=_(being ill作_)3. Having another chance, I wont refuse the task.=_(_作_)4. Being old, he was still alive.=_(_作_)5. The snowstorm lasted for a week, causing great damage to the crops.=_(_作_)J此外，现在分词doing还可以作状语表伴随和表方式，可转换成并列句。6. They went out of the restaurant, laughing and chatting. = They went out of the restaurant and were laughing and chatting. (_作_)7. Traveling by boat, we visited the city of Venice. =We traveled by boat and visited the city of Venice. (_作_)J现在分词的完成式having done可表示时间和原因，它所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词的动作之前。8. Having finished his homework, Tom turned on the TV.=_(_作_，强调finish的动作发生在turn on_)9. Having lived in Guangzhou for years, she is very familiar with the city.=_(_作_，强调live的动作发生在is familiar with_)过去分词作状语J参考句子1，分析句子逻辑关系，边改写句子边归纳总结。1. Heated, water changes into steam.= When it is heated, water changes into steam. (Heated 作时间状语)2. Given more time, we are sure to finish the task.=_(given more time作_)3. Wounded, the brave soldier continued to fight.=_(_作_)4. Deeply moved by the story, the children began to cry.=_(_作_)5. She walked out of the house, followed by her little daughter.= She walked out of the house and followed by her little daughter. (_作_)【注意】1. 有时为了明确表达时间、让步、条件、方式等概念，可以在分词或分词短语之前加上相应的连词，如when, though, although, as if, as though, if, unless, until, once等。If I was invited，I will attend the wedding of my friend.= Invited, I will attend the wedding of my friend.= If invited, I will attend the wedding of my friend.2. 分词或分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。If caught, the police will punish the thief. ( )_3. 分词的否定式由“not/never +分词”构成。Not having done it well enough, I tried again.Not seriously injured, you just need a rest at home.
