m高中英语强调句用法归纳含练习学习资料.doc

如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流m高中英语强调句用法归纳含练习【精品文档】第 9 页强调句定义：强调句常用来突出说话人要强调的语言信息，给对方以强烈的印象和感受。译成汉语时，常加上“正是”等字眼。强调句的几种结构1. 助动词do/did/does表示强调l He does know the place well他的确很熟悉这个地方。l Do write to me when you get there你到那儿后务必给我来信。l He did call you yesterday.他昨晚的确打给你了。总结归纳：用助动词“do（doesdid） ”来表示强调。这个结构主要用来强调动词，翻译为： 2. 用形容词very，only，single，such表示强调l Thats the very textbook we used last term这正是我们上学期用过的教材。l You are the only person here who can speak Chinese你是这里惟一会讲汉语的人。l Not a single person has been in the shop this morning今天上午这个商店里连一个人都没有。l How dare you buy such expensive jewels？你怎么敢买这么贵的宝石呢？总结归纳：用形容词very，only，single，such修饰 ，用于 3. 用in the world，on earth，at all等介词短语可以表达更强的语气（常用于疑问句）。l Where in the world could he be？他到底会在哪儿？l What on earth is it？它究竟是什么？注意;用at all进行强调：at all作“完全，根本”解，多用于否定句、条件句。如用于肯定句或疑问句，可作“真的，确实”解Do you fell ill at all?你真的感到不舒服吗？l Do you know at all？你到底知不知道？注意：倒装强调句型：将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首，用以加强语气。 eg. On the table were some flowers.桌上摆着一些花。 Only in this way can we solve this problem.只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。4. 用it的句型：It be+强调部分+that+其他部分 强调人 强调物 It is /was +强调部分+that (who/whom) +其他成分 强调除谓语以外的句子成分只能是单数 如原句;They will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow.强调 ：It is they that/who will have a meeting in the hall tomorrow.强调 ：It is a meeting that they will have in the hall tomorrow.强调 ：It is in the hall that they will have a meeting tomorrow.强调 ：It is tomorrow that they will have a meeting in the hall.你们来变一下原句; He bought the book yesterday.强调主语：强调宾语：强调地点状语：强调时间状语：使用it的强调句应注意的问题：1：在该强调结构中，It无任何意义但不可以换成this或者that等。2：关于that与who当被强调部分指人时，可以用who（被强调部分的人作主语或宾语时）或者whom（被强调部分的人作宾语时)代替that；She gives him a knife.强调主语：It is she who gives him a knife.强调宾语：It is him who/whom she gives a knife.3：当被强调部分指物时通常用that；当被强调部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用who.It was the things and people that they remembered that they were talking abo ut4:. 关于be的适当形式：在强调结构中，无论被强调的是人还是物，单数还是复数，be动词一律用单数is/was形式。 如果原句的谓语动词时态是现在范畴(一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、现在完成进行时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时等)，就用is。It is the ability to do the jobmatters not where you come from or what you are.A. oneB. thatC. whatD. it如果原句的谓语动词时态是过去范畴(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等)，就用was。例如:It was between 1989 and 1999 great changes took place in our hometown.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. because也可以根据需要用Itmay/might/mustbethat/who; It must have been that/who如:It might be Sally that you are thinking of.It might be in the morning that he broke into the house. It might be his father that you are looking for.It must be John that/who will take part in the contest on behalf our class. It must have been her twin sister that you saw.5: 关于被强调成分。在强调句型中，能够被强调的句子成分通常为主语或宾语（名词、代词）、状语（介词短语、时间或地点状语从句或者because引导原因状语从句）等，但不能强调谓语动词、表语或补语（形容词或名词充当）、although 引导的让步状语从句、for, since, as引导的原因状语从句、if条件状语等。如：强调主语、宾语。It is these poisonous productscan cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. A. whoB. thatC. howD. whatIt was how the young man had learned five foreign languages attracted the audiencesinterest.A. so thatB. thatC. whatD. in whichIt was the ability to do the jobmatters not where you come from or what you are. (NMET2000)A. oneB. thatC. whatD. it强调状语It was at the gate of our school that we gave the visitors a warm welcome. (强调地点状语)It was with great joy that he received the news that his long lost son would soon return home. (强调程度状语)It is by bus that Mary usually goes to school. (强调方式状语)It was three years ago that I came to this school.(强调时间状语)It is when he got back that he knew what had happened. (强调时间状语) It was because he loved my money that he married me. (强调原因状语) 注意：1. 强调时间、地点、原因或方式状语时，要用that,不能用when, where, why 或 how。It was about 600 years agothe first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. A. thatB. untilC. beforeD. whenIt was because of bad weatherthe football match had to be put off.A. so B. so that C. why D. thatIt was where there had been a theatre they built a new modern school.A. whereB. in whichC. thatD. so6:. 主谓一致It is your father who is wrong this timeIt is his parents who have come to China.主语 谓语：保持一致总结归纳：主谓一致：被强调部分作主语时，其形式与谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致。7:. 人称一致l It is I who am wrong.l It was her whom I saw in the street just now.总结归纳：人称照应：强调主语用主格，强调宾语用宾格。8强调句的疑问形式一般问句：Is/Was it + 被强调部分+ that + - Is it the dictionary that you are looking for?Was it yesterday that he was fired? 对其回答：yes . it is/was特殊问句：疑问词+is/was +it +that+-What is it that you want me to do ? Who was it that told you the news?When was it that you called me?9. notuntil的强调形式: 对“not.until.”结构的强调，要用“It is/was not until.that.这一固定句”型。由于否定已经前移，that后只能用肯定形式。同时要注意不能使用倒装语序.l I didnt realize what trouble he was in until that time. It was not until that time that I realized what trouble he was in.总结归纳：当强调notuntil结构时，必须将not until连用,后面接肯定式l The teacher didnt stop his lesson until the bell rang. It was not until the bell rang that the teacher stopped his lesson10强调句的判断：把“It is/was - that”去掉，如果剩余部分句子结构仍然完整，那么这个句子就是强调句；如果句子不完整，则为从句。如：l It is true that he once went to America.l It was at 8 oclock that he came back. 三、强调句型与定语从句以及与主语从句等的辨析强调句型极易与定语从句、名词性从句等相关句型混淆。引导定语从句的引导词that 或者 who，在定语从句中充当主语或者宾语，不可以去掉; that 或者 who 引导主语从句时，that 无任何含义也不充当任何成分但也不可以省略，who 引导主语从句并且在主语从句中充当主语也不可以省略。并且，that 或者 who 引导的主语从句经常置于句后，而在主语位置使用形式主语It。而强调句型中l 的 It is (was)that (who)为结构词，假如去掉，剩下部分在语法结构和句子含义上均完整。这一点正是区分强调句型和定语从句以及主语从句的关键所在。l a.与定语从句的辨析l It was in the lab that was set up by Mr. Smith that they finished the experiment.l It was he who came from Hunan that won the first prize in the contest.l b.与名词性从句的辨析l It is true that he once was a teacher.l It washe saiddisappointed me.l A.what; thatB. that; thatC. what; whatD. that; whatl c.与 there be句型的辨析l is no possibility Bob can win the first prize in the match.l A.There; thatB. It; thatC.There; whether D. It; whether11、错误判断强调句的两种情况1. 将非强调句判为强调句。易混句型1：It be+时间段+ since .该句型中的be动词通常为一般现在时态或现在完成时态, since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。例. That was really a splendid evening. It has been years I enjoyed myself so much.A. whenB. thatC. beforeD. since易混句型2：It be+时间点 + when .该句型中的when 引导的是一个时间状语从句。Be 动词的时态没有明确限制，时间点前不加介词。例. Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight oclock he arrived home.A. beforeB. whenC. thatD. until易混句型3：It be+段时间 + before .主句中be 动词的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态。主句中的表语多是long, not long , days , week等表示时间段的词或短语。例- How long do you think it will be China sends a manmade spaceshipto the moon?- Perhaps two or three years.A. whenB. untilC. thatD. before比较：It was at ten oclock that he came back.It was after ten oclock that he came back.It was before ten oclock that he came back.再比较：It is autumn when leaves fall. It is in autumn that leaves fall. 2. 将强调句判为非强调句。有些强调句型由于句子本身有一定的特殊性，比如是强调句的特殊疑问句形式，强调句型情态动词或复杂时态等，强调句中的被强调成分过于复杂，强调句与其他从句混杂在一起，等等，这都可能掩盖强调句型的本来面目，从而导致误判。如：(1)When was that the general manager left for Japan?A. heB. itC. thatD. since(2)It might have been John bought a present for Mary yesterday.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. which(3)It was what he meant rather than what he saidannoyed me.A. whichB. asC. whatD. that(4)It was just in the roomhe was bornhe died.A. where, whichB. that, thatC. where, thatD. which, that(5)It was lack of money, not of effort,defeated their plan.A. whichB. asC. thatD. what实战训练题判断正误【1】It is I who/ that is going to be sent there to help them. It is I who/ that am going to be sent there to help them.【2】It was her that told me about it. It was she that told me about it.【3】It is I who the teacher has punished. It is me whom the teacher has punished.1. - Was it in 1969_ the American astronaut succeeded_ landing on the moon - Quite right. A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in 2. It was_ he said _disappointed me. A. what; that B. that; that C. what; what D. that; what3. _ is no possibility _ Bob can win the first prize in the match.A. There; whether B. It; that C. There; that D. It; whether 4.-Where wasyou picked up the wallet -Just near the school gate. A. it B. it that C. the place D. the place that 5. I must find out whyso many students made the same mistake. A. is it that B. was it which C. it is what D. it was that 6. 5.It was not until 1920_ regular radio broadcast began. A. while B. which C. that D. since高考易考点：考点1、强调部分从短语向句子过渡。 It is what you do rather than what you say_matters.A. that B. what C. which D. this 在例子中强调了主语从句what you do rather than what you say难点还在于每个句子都包含着两个分句，并且由rather than引出答案：A 还原为：What you do matters, not what you say matters考点2、 强调句从肯定句向否定句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句过渡。强调句的否定句形式为：It is / was not + 被强调部分+ that / who . 强调句的一般疑问句形式为：Is / Was it +被强调部分+ that / who .? 强调句的特殊疑问句形式为：疑问词 + is / was it + that / who .? （1）. Was it in 1969_the American astronaut succeeded_landing on the moon? A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in 答案：B（2）. _ that he managed to get the information? Oh, a friend of his helped him. A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it 答案：C考点3、从考查单一的强调句到把强调句置于从句中，增加判断句子的难度。 David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature_he chose the course.A. that B. what C. why D. how 例：强调句型却出现在宾语从句中，考生须熟练掌握句子结构才能分辨出强调句型来。 考点4、干扰因素增多，增加了与其它相似句型的辨析，尤其是it开头的句子。 考查强调句与非强调句的辨别1. 设置陷阱，使考生将强调句误判为非强调句。如：It might have been John _ bought a present for Mary yesterday.A. that B. when C. what D. which【解析】答案选A，为强调句型，由于句中动词be采用了might have been这一复杂结构，所以许多同学们可能会看不出它是一个强调句型。2. 设置陷阱，使考生将非强调句误判为强调句。如：It was evening we reached the little town of Winchester.A. that B. until C. since D. before【解析】答案选D。有的考生一看到句首的it was，再联系到选项中的that，就以为这是考查强调句。其实错了。此题是考查连词before的用法。因为去掉It wasthat这一结构后，原句不能成为一个完整的句子，所以这不是强调结构。句意是：我们还没有到达Winchester这个小镇，天就夜了。 课后作业1.（2010上海春季卷）It was by making great efforts she caught up with other students.Ahow Bwhen Cwhat Dthat2.（2010湖南卷）John's success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work has made him what he is today.A. why B. when C. which D. that3. It was in New Zealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith.A. that B. how C. which D. when4. It was not until midnight _ they reached the camp site. A .that B. when C. while D. as5. It was along the Mississippi River _ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A. how B. which C. that D. where6. -Where did you get to know her? -It was on the farm _we worked.A. that B. there C. which D. where