动词不定式的基本用法.ppt

动词不定式的基本用法动词不定式的基本用法2011.12中考语法教学目标 掌握动词不定式在句中作不同成分时的用法。 带动词不定式的一些固定搭配和简单句型。动词不定式作主语 1:To dance with you makes me happy. 2:It is difficult to drive in the mountains. 这里It作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式 Or: To drive in the mountains is difficult. 句子变形： It is so nice to meet you again. It is good to get up early.动词不定式作表语 表语是补充说明主语的身份、性质、特征、状态的。一般跟在be动词后。可以是名词、形容词以及动词不定式。 1.Her wish is to be a teacher. 2.Your duty is to clean the classroom.动词不定式作宾语补足语 宾补：补充说明宾语的情况。 1：He wants me to come earlier. 2: The policeman ordered them to turn around. 这里me和them是宾语。动词不定式作状语 状语：表示动作发生的时间、地点、原因、程度。介词短语也可作状语。 1：作目的状语 I went there to see her .（为了看你） She opened the window to let some fresh air in.（为了让新鲜空气进来） 作结果状语1：He is too tired to go any further.2: He is not old enough to join the army. 他太累了以至于他再也走不动了。他太小了所以不能参军。作原因状语不定式跟在表示“喜、怒、哀、乐”的形容词后，可以表示引起这些情感的原因。（happy sad surprised 等）1: Im sorry to trouble you . 2: Im gald to see you .一些后接动词不定式作宾语的及物动词。多表示意愿、企图等动词。如： hope want wish like try ask agree decide promise1.I want to talk with you . 2. She has decided to go .在在feel. find.think.make等动词后接动词等动词后接动词不定式作宾语。通常用不定式作宾语。通常用it作形式宾语作形式宾语。1.I find it impossible to forget her .2.He thought it necessary to take an umbrella.下列结构常用带to的动词不定式。 be able/ready/afraid to do sth Its time to do sth It takes sb some time to do sth . cant wait to do sthIts adj for/of sb to do sth下列结构必须使用不带to的动词不定式。 had better do sth . make/let sb do sth why not do sth ？ would you please do sth . would rather do sth than do sth .一些动词不定式的谚语。To see is to believe .Eat to live , but not live to eat .Its never too old to learn .Not to advance is to go back .眼见为实吃是为了活着，但是活着不是为了吃。 活到老学到老 （学海无涯）不进则退