NKT细胞淋巴瘤周剑峰.ppt
T 和和 NK 细胞肿瘤的分类:细胞肿瘤的分类:WHO 2008WHO 2008: the mature T-cell and NK-cell neoplasmsT-cell prolymphocytic leukemiaT-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemiaChronic lymphoproliferative disorder of NK-cells*Aggressive NK cell leukemiaSystemic EBV+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disease of childhood (associated with CAEBV)Hydroa vacciniforme-like lymphomaAdult T-cell leukemia/lymphomaExtranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal typeEnteropathy-associated T-cell lymphomaHepatosplenic T-cell lymphomaSubcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphomaMycosis fungoidesSzary syndromePrimary cutaneous CD30+ T-cell lymphoproliferative disorderLymphomatoid papulosisPrimary cutaneous anaplastic large-cell lymphomaPrimary cutaneous aggressive epidermotropic CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell lymphoma*Primary cutaneous gamma-delta T-cell lymphomaPrimary cutaneous small/medium CD4+ T-cell lymphoma*Peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specifiedAngioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphomaAnaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), ALK+Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), ALK*2001 WHO2008 WHOCommentsAngioimmunoblastic LymphomaAngioimmunoblastic LymphomaDefinition of origin cellAnaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma 2 variants based on ALK (+/-) expressionPrognostic importanceUnspecified Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma Peripheral T-cell Lymphomas not Otherwise Specified3 variants: lymphoepitelioid lymphoma, T zone lymphoma (2001 WHO) and follicular lymphoma (2008 WHO) T/NK-cell lymphoma, nasal typeT/NK-cell lymphoma, nasal typeNo changesEntheropathy-associated T-cell lymphomaEntheropathy-associated T-cell lymphomasTwo variants: classical and monomorphic types with genetic changes common to bothHepatosplenic T-cell lymphomaHepatosplenic T-cell lymphomaNo changesSubcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphomaSubcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphomaOnly ab and associated with autoimmune disorderMycosis fungoidesMycosis fungoidesNew staging and new information about pathogenesis Szary syndromeSzary syndromeNew markersPrimary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphomaPrimary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphomaRecognition of CD8+ casesLymphomatoid papulosisLymphomatoid papulosisThree histological typesPrimary cutaneous gamma-delta T-cell lymphomaThree histopathologic patterns: epidermotropic, dermic, and subcutaneous subtypesPrimary cutaneous CD8+ aggressive epidermotropic cytotoxic T-cell lymphomaProvisional entityPrimary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium T-cell lymphomaProvisional entityBlastic NK-cell lymphomaPlasmocytoid dendritic cell neoplasmNow it is one of the myeloid neoplasmsT-cell prolymphocytic leukemiaT-cell prolymphocytic leukemiaNo changesT-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemiaT-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemiaNew etiological features and new markersChronic lymphoproliferative disorder of NK-cellsProvisional entityAggressive NK-cell leukemiaAggressive NK-cell leukemiaNo changesAdult T-cell leukemia/lymphomaAdult T-cell leukemia/lymphomaDefinition of the regulatory T-cell normal counterpartT 和和 NK 细胞肿瘤分类的主要变化细胞肿瘤分类的主要变化EBV 相关淋巴增殖性疾病相关淋巴增殖性疾病J Korean Med Sci. 2008 Apr;23(2):185-92.EBV 相关相关 T/NK 细胞增殖性疾病细胞增殖性疾病J Dermatol. 2014;41(1):29-39.潜伏性感染,不是裂解式感染,抗病毒治疗无效潜伏性感染,不是裂解式感染,抗病毒治疗无效NK/T 细胞淋巴瘤细胞淋巴瘤NK/T 细胞淋巴瘤亚型分布细胞淋巴瘤亚型分布NK/T 细胞淋巴瘤占到所有细胞淋巴瘤占到所有 PTCL 的的10.4%J Clin Oncol, 2008, 26(25):4124-30NK/T 细胞淋巴瘤特征细胞淋巴瘤特征 分为鼻型 (68%) 和非鼻型 (26%),其他为侵袭型(6%) 病理表现:形态多样,表现为血管中心性、大量坏死和血管浸润 表型:大部分为NK 细胞(EBV+,CD56+)鼻型与非鼻型鼻型与非鼻型 NK/T 细胞淋巴瘤细胞淋巴瘤鼻型非鼻型侵犯部位上呼吸皮肤、睾丸、胃肠道疾病晚期27%68%肿块5cm12%68%超过2个鼻外病灶16%55%LDH升高45%60%B症状39%54%5年OS率42%9%中位OS19月4月鼻型与非鼻型鼻型与非鼻型 NK/T 细胞淋巴瘤细胞淋巴瘤Nasal type:41%Non-nasal:22%Nasal type:34%Non-nasal:13%Ann Oncol 2008;19:1477-1484放疗在放疗在 NK/T 细胞淋巴瘤中的地位细胞淋巴瘤中的地位什么样的什么样的 NK/T 细胞淋巴瘤可以单纯放疗细胞淋巴瘤可以单纯放疗 Nasal versus extra-nasalthe stage of the diseaseStage I disease are further stratified based on risk factors Age 60 years,B symptoms, ECOG performance status 2Regional lymph node involvement Local tumor invasion Elevated LDHHigh Ki-67 staining EBV DNA 6.1 x 107 copies/mL更新了治疗方案后,化疗是更新了治疗方案后,化疗是必不可少的治疗手段必不可少的治疗手段 局限期鼻型NK/T细胞淋巴瘤单纯放疗RR和CR分别达78-94%和 66-94%,但 5y-OS 和中位 OS仅分别为35%-83% 和 50% 患者出现皮肤、骨髓、睾丸、内脏和淋巴结侵犯较常见 化疗仍然是必不可少的治疗手段含门冬酰胺酶的方案含门冬酰胺酶的方案SMILE 方案方案 Smile方案 Steroid (DXM) 40 mg, iv, d2-4 MTX 2 g/m2, iv, d1 IFO 1.5g/m2, iv, d2-4 L-ASP 6000U/m2, iv, d8,10,12,14, 16,18,20 Etopside 100mg/m2, iv ,d2-4 G-CSF 从第 6 天开始解救,wbc 5000/mlYamaguchi M, et al. JCO, 2011; 29(33):4410-6SMILE 方案疗效及毒性方案疗效及毒性 CR率45%, CR+PR 79% 1y-OS 55% 毒性反应:92%患者出现IV度骨髓抑制,61%出现感染 8%出现早期死亡Yamaguchi M, et al. JCO, 2011; 29(33):4410-6AspaMetDex 方案方案Steroid (DXM), 40mg, d1-4, poMTX 3.0g/m2, d1, iv drip IFO 1.5g/m2, iv, d2-4L-Asp 6000U/m2, d2,4,6,8, imEtopside 100mg/m2, iv ,d2-4Jaccard A, et al. Blood, 2011,117:1834-1839. Smile方案 Steroid (DXM) 40 mg, iv, d2-4 MTX 2 g/m2, iv, d1 IFO 1.5g/m2, iv, d2-4 L-ASP 6000U/m2, iv, d8,10,12,14, 16,18,20 Etopside 100mg/m2, iv ,d2-4近期疗效和毒性 近期疗效 18 例可评价,14 例获得缓解(78%),11 例完全缓解(61%) 3 例治疗中死亡 14 例有效患者,6 例在治疗结束后 9 个月内复发AspaMetDex 方案远期生存中位OS12.2个月无效患者4.2个月有效后进展患者3.6个月PFS 12.2个月晚期结外晚期结外NK/T细胞淋巴瘤治疗细胞淋巴瘤治疗GOLD方案方案Efficacy of gemcitabine combined with oxaliplatin, L asparaginase and dexamethasone in patients with newly diagnosed extranodal NK/T cell lymphomaG:gemcitabine 1g/m2,d1, D8O:Oxaliplatin 100mg/m2,d1L:L-Asparaginase 10,000 U/m2,d1-5D:dexamethasone 40mg,d1-414-day cycle,Ann Arbor I/II期化疗后给予IFRT2008-2012 新诊断的ENKTLGuo HQ, Liu L, Wang XF, Lin TY, et al. Mol Clin Oncol. 2014 Nov;2(6):1172-1176GOLD方案方案Guo HQ, Liu L, Wang XF, Lin TY,et al. Mol Clin Oncol. 2014 Nov;2(6):1172-1176GOLD方案方案3Ys PFS 57%3Ys OS 74%1 Ys PFS 87% vs 66%P 0.0011 Ys OS 98% vs 75%P 0.001Guo HQ, Liu L, Wang XF, Lin TY,et al. Mol Clin Oncol. 2014 Nov;2(6):1172-1176GOLD 方案 GOLD的方案治疗ENKL获得很高的ORR(91%),CR率62%,PR率29% 3年 OS 74%,PFS 57% Ann Arbor分期是预后的重要影响因素,III/IV期患者的OS/PFS明显低于I/II期患者Guo HQ, Liu L, Wang XF, Lin TY,et al. Mol Clin Oncol. 2014 Nov;2(6):1172-1176同步同步/序贯化放疗(重点解决序贯化放疗(重点解决I/II 期)期)ConcurrentSequentialBlood. 2013;121(25):4997-5005.NCCN 指南指南Blood. 2013;121(25):4997-5005.NK/T 细胞淋巴瘤:现状点评细胞淋巴瘤:现状点评早期疾病解决比较好,强调放疗结合化疗早期疾病解决比较好,强调放疗结合化疗 (同步或序贯同步或序贯); 化疗方案明显改进,许多过去的放化疗结论需要重新考虑化疗方案明显改进,许多过去的放化疗结论需要重新考虑;晚期晚期 NK/T 疾病尚无标准方案,需要临床试验及持续改进疾病尚无标准方案,需要临床试验及持续改进;NK/T 细胞淋巴瘤晚期疾病将会成为关注的重点细胞淋巴瘤晚期疾病将会成为关注的重点血浆血浆 EBV-DNA 定量定量 评估EBV相关肿瘤最精确的指标,与肿瘤负荷、分期、进展正相关Bone Marrow Transplant. 2003;31(2):105-11; Blood. 2004;104(1):243-9 SMILE方案治疗后血浆方案治疗后血浆EBV-DNA定量与预后的关系定量与预后的关系 预测DFS和OS最有价值的独立预后参数Leukemia. 2014;28(4):865-70Persistently undetectablePersistently detectablepresentationANKLEBV 持续感染与基因组不稳定持续感染与基因组不稳定ANKL 的体细胞高频突变的体细胞高频突变The most common abnormalities, unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities. No specific chromosomal abnormalities associated with ANKL had been identifiedANKL的诊断要点的诊断要点ANKL是一种罕见但具有高度侵袭性的是一种罕见但具有高度侵袭性的NK细胞肿瘤细胞肿瘤 急骤起病,病情凶险,生存期仅急骤起病,病情凶险,生存期仅2周周2个月个月 高度侵袭性经过:不明原因高热、血象三少、高度侵袭性经过:不明原因高热、血象三少、肝脾淋巴结肿大、凝血功能异常、噬血细胞综肝脾淋巴结肿大、凝血功能异常、噬血细胞综合征、多器官功能衰竭合征、多器官功能衰竭 异常异常NK细胞免疫表型细胞免疫表型 EB病毒病毒DNA阳性阳性 IgH/TCR 受体基因重排阴性受体基因重排阴性 外周血外周血/骨髓找到形态幼稚的大颗粒淋巴细胞骨髓找到形态幼稚的大颗粒淋巴细胞ANKL 的的 PET-CT:25% (阴性阴性) 37.5%(特异性特异性), 37.5% (非特异性非特异性)ANKL 流式诊断要点流式诊断要点Transl Res. 2014;163(6):565-77治疗策略治疗策略诊疗策略诊疗策略 识别免疫表型异常的 NK 细胞是诊断的关键 及时诊断,纠正初诊时合并的噬血细胞综合征非常重要 早期使用含 L-ASP 的化疗方案、序贯 allo-SCT 是目前最可能有效的治疗策略。未来的治疗策略更新中 血浆 EBV-DNA 是监测肿瘤负荷、评价预后的独立参数慢性活动性慢性活动性EBV 感染(感染(CAEBV)CAEBVPostepy Hig Med Dosw, 2013; 67: 481-490CAEBV 的发病进程的发病进程Pathol Int. 2008;58(4):209-17.CAEBVENK/TL & ANKLCAEBV 的发病进程的发病进程诊断标准诊断标准 (CAEBV Study Group)Pathol Int. 2008;58(4):209-17. 治疗策略治疗策略Bone Marrow Transplant. 2011;46(1):77-83.异基因造血干细胞移植的疗效异基因造血干细胞移植的疗效EFS and OS for allo-HSCTMAC=myeloablative conditioning; RIC=reduced-intensity conditioning.Bone Marrow Transplant. 2011;46(1):77-83.发病机制发病机制Highly activated yet ineffective multisystem inflammatory response/ Immunopathology噬血细胞性淋巴组织增生症(噬血细胞性淋巴组织增生症(HLH)发病机制)发病机制IL-1, IL-6, TNF-etc.Tissue Infiltration(组织浸润)(组织浸润)Cytokine StormMSOF多系统和器官衰竭 IFN-诊断诊断 (HLH-2004)鉴别诊断鉴别诊断 原发性原发性和和继发性继发性的鉴别:的鉴别:分子诊断分子诊断 继发性继发性HLH的的病因诊断病因诊断:感染(:感染(EB病毒感染最常见)、肿瘤、结缔组织病、病毒感染最常见)、肿瘤、结缔组织病、移植、药物等移植、药物等治疗治疗 (HLH-2004)NK 细胞肿瘤:关键要点细胞肿瘤:关键要点 多数起源于多数起源于EBV 慢性感染后转化慢性感染后转化 疾病累及巨大的人群疾病累及巨大的人群 诊断治疗存在盲区诊断治疗存在盲区 具特征性改变,与具特征性改变,与B -NHL 是完全不同的疾病是完全不同的疾病 基于疾病机制的新认识,诊断治疗模式正在转化基于疾病机制的新认识,诊断治疗模式正在转化