高中语法冠词讲解ppt课件.ppt

The usage of articlesWhat do you know about articles?Articles: 1.indefinite articles: a/an + 单数名词 2.definite article: the +单数名词、复数名词、不可数名词3.zero article： 0+ 复数名词、不可数名词1. indefinite articles: a/an 1 不定冠词a an的作用 （1）用于泛指，表示“一个” 。a+辅音音素， an +元音音素 如： I gave him a book yesterday. I am reading an interesting story.（2 ）用于单数名词前表示类属。如： A horse is useful to mankind. A bird can fly.（3 ）表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前有描绘性定语时 用不定冠词。如： A new moon is hanging high in the sky. （4 ）用来指某人某物，但不具体说明任何人或任何物。如: A boy came to see you a moment ago. （5 ）用于固定搭配。如：a few，a little ，a pair of，half an hour 等。 She has a few friends in this city. There is a little milk in the bottle. Only a few students are in the classroom.（6 ）一日三餐的名词前若有形容词修饰，可用不定冠词。如： I had a big lunch yesterday. (7）序数词前一般要加定冠词 the 表示“第几” 。但如果强调“又，再” 的概念，序数词前用不定冠词。如： A third person stood up to give a talk. （8 ）人名前用不定冠词表示“某个叫做”或“像一类的人物” 。如： A Tom is waiting outside. He think she is a Napoleon. Practice makes perfect1.2. definite article： the l ）名词前加定冠词表示特指或类属。如： The pencil I need has disappeared The horse is bigger than the pig 2）用于前面已提过的人或物的名词前。如： I bought a book from Xinhua book-shop. The book cost 15 yuan. Lucy bought a radio yesterday, but she found something was wrong with the radio. 3）用在世界上（宇宙间）独一无二的物前。如： The sun is bigger than the moo.4 ）用于在表示方向，方位的名词前。如： China lies in the east of Asia. The Whites like the classic music.5) 用于形容词最高级或序数词前。如： His room is on the third floor. This is the biggest city in China I have ever visited. 6 ) 用于江河湖海及山脉名词前。如： We live near the Yellow River. The Changjiang River is the biggest one in China. The Himalayas is in Tibet.7) 用于普通名同构成的专有名词前。如： Have you ever been to the Great Wall. 8）用于形容词前，使形容词名词化，表示一类人或事。如： the poor, the rich, the wounded, the sick, the deaf The wounded were brought tot he hospita. He always helps the poor.9）用于一些固定习语中。如：all the same ，on the left等。10）用于演奏乐器的名称和文艺活动，运动场所的名称前。如： The little girl likes to play the violi. They are going to the cinema tonight. The theater was on fire last week. 11）用于姓名复数之前，表示一家人。如： The Greens are very kind to us. Practice makes perfect1.3.zero article下列场合的名词前一般不加冠词。 (1)复数名词、不可数名词前，表示类别或泛指。如： They are teachers ，not students. People cant go without water or air. (2) 专有名词，抽象名词和物质名词前。如： China is a large country in the world. I think water is a kind of food, too. Cotton feels soft. (3)星期，月份，节日，季节，职务，球类运动，三餐名词前。如： Summer is hot and winter is cold here. What do you have for lunch? New Years Day is coming.Today is the first day of May. We are going to play basketball this afternoon.(4)用于一些固定习语中。如： by air, on foot, at night, after school, at home, go to class, from morning till night Im going to Chicago by air next week.I go to school on foot.In fact，I dont know him at all.He is at home today.(5)语言的名称前不用冠词。如： Can you speak English?Its difficult to learn Chinese well.Tom knows English but he doesnt know French.Practice makes perfect1. 4冠词的特殊位置 u a，an 放在how, so, as, too 四个副词所修饰的形容词之后。如： How fine a day it is! He is so good a teacher that all the students love him. This is as good a book as that one. It is too difficult a task for you to finish. 【注意】 和quite, rather 这两个副词搭配时, a, an 一般后置。 但是，如果在名词之前有形容词，这时，a, an 前置或后置都可以。如： It takes quite a time. It takes quite a long time a quite long time.Practice makes perfectAnalysis of the usage1. _ young man with a walkman in his hand is _ excellent basketball player. A. The；a B. A；an C. The ；an D. A；he2. When you come here for your holiday next time, dont go to _ hotel; I can find you _ bed in my flat A. the； a B. the； C. a ； the D. a ； Exercises1.Tom enjoys Playing_football while I enjoy playing _piano very much. A the；the B a ；a C ；the D the ； 2.There is a hole in_ front wall and _old picture is above it. A the；an Ba ；an Cthe；a D. ；an 3 -Have you seen_pen，I lost it here this morning -Is it_black one? I think I saw it somewhere A a ；the B the ；the C the；a Da ；a 4.Cotton is grown in_ China A north B the north of C the north D a north 5.Remember Ill be waiting for you at _gate of _ cinema at seven in_evening. A a ；a ；the B the;the;the C a;the;an Dthe;a;an6.Betty is going to_ to see her father because he has already been in_ for two weeks. A .hospital; hospital B. the hospital; hospital C. the hospital; a hospital D. hospital; the hospital 7 After _ quick breakfast I hurried to _school A ； Ba； C the；the D the ； 8. It is known to all that_light travels faster than_ sound. A ； Ba；a C. the；the D the; 9. The children all had a good time on_ Childrens Day A.the B.their C.a D./ 10.-Have you learned German? -Yes. Its_ language Ive ever learned. A. a quite difficult B. quite a difficult C. difficult quite D. difficult a quite 11. Mr White lives on_floor. A.the fifteen B.fifteen C.the fifteenth D.fifteenth 12._moon moves around _ earth ,and they are both smaller than_sun. A.The;an;a B.A;the;the C./;/;/ D.The;the;the 13.-John,there is_Mr.Wilson on the phone for you . -Im in_bath. A.a;the B.the;a C.the;a D.the;/ 14. Its _ world of wonders, _ world where anything can happen. A.a;the B.a;a C.the;a D./;/ 15. He has tried twice, and the captain asks him to have _ third try. A.the B.a C.another D.other