2022年语言学试题 .pdf

1 广 东 技 术 师 范 学 院20162017 学年度第 (2)学期期末考试试卷科 目：语言学（A）卷考试形式：闭卷考试时间 : 120 分钟系别、班级：姓名：学号：一 Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. (2% 15=30%)(1) That linguistics is _ is to say that the linguist tries to discover and record the rules to which the members of language community actually conform and does not seek to impose upon them other rules.A. synchronic b. diachronic c. descriptive d. prescriptive(2) _ is a language phenomenon in which words sound like what they refer to.A. Onomatopoeia B. Collocation C. Denotation D. Assimilation(3) _ has been widely accepted as the forefather of modern linguistics. A. Saussure B. ChomskyC. Bloomfield D. Leech (4) The study of a language through the course of its history is called _.A. prescriptive study B. descriptive study C. synchronic study D. diachronic study (5) In some languages like _, pitch variations are meaning distinctive. Therefore they are called tone languages.A. Chinese B. English C. French D. German(6) A vowel is different from a consonant in English because of _.A. absence of obstruction. B. Presence of obstruction.C. manner of articulation. D. Place of articulation.(7) Which of the following words is formed by the process of blending?题目一二三四五六七八总分标准分数30101210101018100实得分数评卷人装订线考生答题不得超过此线出卷人：吴庚堂名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 2 A. VIP B. bookshelf C. red-faced D. motel (8)Which of the following words is NOT a derivative?A. physician B. facial C. unify D. nicer(9)Which of the following is an example of clipping?A. APEC. B. Motel. C. Xerox. D. Disco.(10) A: Do you like ice cream? B: Yes, I do.This is an example of _.A. substitution B. reference C. conjunction D. ellipsis(11) Syntactically , English is an example of _ language. A. SVO B. SOV C. VSO D. OSV (12) The pair of words “ below ” and “ above ” are A. gradable opposites B. converse oppositesC. complementary opposites C. contradictory opposites. (13) According to the componential analysis, the words “girl” and “woman ” differ in the feature of _.A. HUMAN B. ANIMATE C. MALE D. ADULT(14) Saussure took a(n) _ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a _ point of view.A. sociological, psychological B. psychological, sociological C. applied, pragmatic D. semantic, linguistic (15) Compound words consist of morphemes. A. bound B. both bound and free C. free D. neither free nor bound 二Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false. (2%5=10%)(16) According to Chomsky, competence refers to a language users knowledge about the system of linguistic rules he is able to state explicitly.(17) When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segment which occurs in the same place in the strings, the two words are said to form a phonemic contrast.(18) The RELATION OF SUBSTITUTABILITY refers to classes or sets of words substitutable for each other semantically in sentences with the same structure.(19) For the members of gradable antonyms, the denial of one is not necessarily the assertion of the other.(20) Speech act theory is an important theory in the pragmatic study of language.名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 三What is the basic sense relation between each pair of words listed here? (2%6=12%)(a) damp/moist (c) furniture/table (e) move/run(b) deep/shallow (d) married/single (f) peace/piece四Analyze the following dialogues by saying which maxims of Grice s Cooperative Principle are being violated, and what implicature is being triggered. (2% 5=10%)(21) A: Remember Paula?B: Ah! Paula! She was glorious, gorgeous! What a beautiful girl! She always hung out with Susan, remember?A: Yeah, Susan was a nice person.(22) A: Could you pass me my jacket, please?B: It s not cold.(23) A: I ll call all my friends and ask them to come to my party next weekend.B: Mark and Paula will be in town next weekend.A: Great, I ll call Paula.(24) A: I don t think you ve met Sally on the fourth floor.B: No, what s she like?A: Well, she s not of the kindest variety.(25) A: Have you done your homework?B: Joanna had her ear pierced today.五Phonological analysis (10%)In most dialects of American English, speakers have a process known as intervocalic alveolar flapping that changes the consonants /t/ and /d/ into a quick flap consonant ?. Study the data below and formulate a phonological rule for /t, d/ ? changes. Note: the symbol “ ?” is a stress marker for a syllable.writing ?a ?write ?a ?tseated ?si?dseat ?sitquotable ?k?o?bl quote ?k?otriding ?a ? ride ?a ?dseeded ?si?dseed ?sidreadable ?i?bl read ?id六Morphological analysis: (2*5=10%)In Turkish, there is some variation in the plural inflection.Singular Plural( “ man” ) adam adamlar ( “ men”)( “ gun”)_ (1) toplar ( “ guns ”)( “ lesson ”) ders_ (2) ( “ lessons”)名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 ( “ place ” ) yer yerler ( “ places ”)( “ road ” ) _ (3) yollar ( “ roads ”)( “ lock ”)_ (4) kilitler ( “ locks ”)( “ arrow ” ) ok _ (5) ( “ arrows ”)( “ hand” ) el _ (6) ( “ hands ”)( “ arm” ) kol _ (7) ( “ arms”)( “ bell” ) _ (8) ziller ( “ bells”)( “ friend” ) _ (9) dostlar ( “ friends”)( “ apple ” ) elma_ (10) (“ apples ”)(i) Can you provide the missing forms (1)-(10)?(ii) Using this information, can you state the conditions under which each of the plural morphs is used?七Draw two FULL trees to disambiguate the sentence. (2*9=18%)People from this village can fish over there. (Note: can is either a verb or an auxiliary verb.)名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 广 东 技 术 师 范 学 院20162017 学年度第 (2)学期期末考试答卷科 目：语言学（A）卷考试形式：闭卷考试时间 : 120 分钟系别、班级：姓名：学号：一 Choose one that best completes the statement. (2%15=30%)二 Write T if the statement is true and F if the statement is false. (2%5=10%)三 What is the basic sense relation between each pair of words listed here? (2%6=12%)四 Implicature analysis (2%5=10%)(21)Maxim violated:Implicature:(22)Maxim violated:Implicature:(23)Maxim violated:Implicature:题目一二三四五六七八总分标准分数30101210101018100实得分数评卷人(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)a.c.e.b.d.f.装订线考生答题不得超过此线名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 6(24) Maxim violated:Implicature:(25) Maxim violated:Implicature:五Phonological analysis (10%)六Morphological analysis: (2*5=10%)(i) Can you provide the missing forms (1)-(10)?1)2)3)4)5)6)7)8)9)10)(ii) Using this information, can you state the conditions under which each of the plural morphs is used?名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 7七Draw two FULL trees to disambiguate the sentence. (2*9=18%)People from this village can fish over there.名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -