2022年初中英语冠词讲解 .pdf
博锐精品教育1 英语学习第四课时(数词+冠词)一 知识讲解(一)数词的特定表示法小数,百分数,算数的表示方法1 分数表示法。 (子基,母序,带 and)分数的构成(分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子如果大于1,则分母序数词用复数形式)1/2 读作: _one-second_1/3 读作: _one-third_2/5 读作: _two-fifths_ 3/4 读作: _three-fourths_1/25 读作: _one-twentieth-fifths_ 带分数的整数和分数之间须用and连接。三又二分之一:_three_and_one-second_五又四分之一 _five_and_one-fourth_ 九又十二分之五_nine_and_five-twelfths_ 注意:表示“某一整体的几分之几”时,使用“分数 +of+the+ 名词 ”结构。_One-second_of_the students are Chinese.一半的学生是中国人。She ate _one-third_of_ her food yesterday. 她昨天吃掉了食物的三分之一。2 小数表示法。小数只能用基数词表示,其中小数点读作point,零读作 zero(或 o);小数点之后按数字依次读出;整数部分为0 时可以省略不读。0.9: zero point nine 3.58: three point fifty-eight 2.016: two point zero sixteen 8.425: eight point four hundred-twenty-five 3. 百分数表示法(% 读作 percent)18%:_eighteen_percent_0.6%_zero_point_six_percent_0.05%_zero_point_zero_five_percent 4. 算数表达法12=3 One and two is three. 1210 =22 twelve and ten is twenty-two 31=2 Three minus one is two. 155 =10 fifteen minus five is ten (二)冠词冠词三兄弟a, an 和 the 的任务就是给名词“戴帽子”。语法上, 冠词是虚词, 没有词义,用于名词前,帮助表明词义。冠词三兄弟的分工各有不同,大家一定要记清楚,不要“张冠李戴”。冠词分为两类:不定冠词a/an 和定冠词 the 。不定冠词a/an 只能用于单数名词之前,表示“一”的意思或该名词的不特定性。定冠词则强调该名词的特定性,表示“这”、 “这些”等意思,在可数名词与不可数名词之前都能使用。不定冠词的用法A.不定冠词的种类:不定冠词有两个:a 和 an。a 用于以辅音音标开头的单词之前。一本书 _a_book_ 一个女人 _a_woman_ an 用于以元音音标开头的单词之前。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - 博锐精品教育2 一个苹果 _an_apple_ 一位老人 _an_old_ 一个小时 an_hour_ 一个鸡蛋 _an_agg_ 当形容词修饰名词时,冠词要放在形容词的前面,这时用a 或 an 取决于这个形容词的读音。一位英语老师 _a_English_teather_ 一个红苹果 _a_red_apple_ B.不定冠词的用法:用于第一次提到的、不确定的人或物(可数名词)之前There is _a_dog outside the door 外有一条狗。 Do you see _a man_ in red T-shirt? 你有看到一个穿红体恤衫的男子吗?用于价格或时间等名词的前面,是“每”的意思4 Yuan _a_ kilo 每公斤四元 once _a_ week 一周一次表示职业、身份_a_ lawyer一个律师 _a_ doctor 一个医生 _a_ student一位学生用于数字、量词之前_a_ hundred 一百 a_ lot of 许多 _a_ couple 一对用于一些固定词组中have _a_ _rest_休息 make _a_ living谋生 _a_ great deal 很多定冠词的用法A.定冠词的一般用法用于第二次谈到的人或物She has a bag. _the_ bag is yellow. 她有一个包,这个包是黄色的。用于双方共知的人或物I don t like _the_ coat. 我不喜欢这件大衣。“the + n单数 . ”可以表示一类人或物 _the_ _panda_ 大熊猫 _the_ _driver_ 司机B.定冠词的特殊用法定冠词常用于一些特定词的前面。助记:沙漠、河流与群山;列岛、海峡与海湾;阶级、党派、国家名;组织、团体和机关;方位、朝代、独一词;会议、文件及报刊;乐器、建筑、海洋群;定冠词帽戴在前。 _the_ Yellow River 黄河 play _the_ piano 弹钢琴 _the_ Great Wall 长城 _the_ People s Daily 人民日报 _the_ United Nations 联合国 用于姓氏复数之前表示全家人/ 夫妇俩 _the_ _Greens_格林一家 _the_Lis 李先生一家“ the + adj.”表示一类人或物 the _rich_ 富人 the _poor_ 穷人 the _young_man_ 年轻人 用于一些固定词组中 in the _eveningat the _time 在此时go to the _movie_ 去电影院in the _front_ of 在前部不用冠词的情况不用冠词的情况下列情况应免冠,代词限定名词前;专有名词不可数,学科球类三餐饭;复数名词表泛指,两节星期月份前;颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - 博锐精品教育3 在一些专有名词(人名、地名、月份、节日等)之前,不用冠词Miss Laura 劳 拉 小 姐Doctor Smith 史 密 斯 医 生Hyde park 海 德 公 园Australia 澳大利亚 _March_ 三月 _Children s_ Day 儿童节名词前已有修饰词的时候,不用冠词this _morning_ 今天早上 my _book_ 我的书 your _child_ 你的孩子在表示三餐、球类、棋类和游戏等名词前,一般不用冠词play _basketball_ 打篮球 play _cards_ 打牌 play _games_ 玩游戏have _supper_ 吃晚饭在物质名词和抽象名词前,一般不用冠词We love _peace_.我们爱和平。 Smoking is bad for _health_. 吸烟有害健康。巩固练习1. Han Meimei is _C_ Chinese girl. Lucy is _ English girl. A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a 2. A little boy wrote_BU and_ n on the wall. A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a 3. There are sixty minutes in_A_hour. A. an B. the C. a D. / 4. This is _B_ interesting book and it is also _ useful one. A. an; an B. an; the C. ah; a D. a; a 5. Mrs. Smith is _D friend of _ A. the; mine B. a; me C. the; my D. a; mine 6. I go To_D School on foot because my home is near_ school. A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; the 7. Yesterday we held_C talk with them in the hall. A. the B. this C. a D. an 8. I usually go out for _A walk after_ tea; A: a; / B. /; the C. a; a D. the; a 9. This is_D_egg. _egg is big. A. a; A B. an; An C. a; The D. an; The 10. People often go to swim in_A_summer. A. / B. a C. an D. the 11. There is_A_ old man under_ tree. A. an; the B. the; a C. a; the D. an; / 12. -Whose room is that? -Its_B_. A. the twins B. of Lucy and Lily C. of the twins D. the twins 13. We can see _D_ sun and _ moon in _ picture. A.a; the; the B. the; a; the C. a; the; a D. the; the; the 14. _D_ Browns are sitting at_ breakfast table. A. /; a B. The; / C. The; the D. / the 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - 博锐精品教育4 15. Most of us are from_A_. A. the south B. south C. the southern D. southern 16. Tom enjoys playing _C_ football while I enjoy playing _ piano very much. A. the; the B. a; a C. /; the D. the; / 17. We should look after_D_ old. A. these B. those C. the D. an 18. The ship is sailing on_B_ Pacific Ocean A.a B. the C. / D.that 19. _A_ Mr Smith is a teacher. A. The B. A C. This D. / 20. You have missed _C _ “n” in your spelling of _ word “government ”.A. an; a B. an; the C. a; the D. the; / 21. There are _A_ days in a year. A. three hundreds sixty-five B. three hundreds and sixty-five C. three hundred and sixty-five D. three hundred and sixty five 22. _A_people visit this museum every day. A. Hundred B. Hundreds C. Hundred of D. Hundreds of 23. There are two_ people in the meeting room. A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred of 24. My brother is in_B_. A. Three Class, One Grade B. Class Three, Grade One C. Grade One, Class Three D. class three, grade one 25. Please turn to_C_. Lets read the text aloud. A. Page Two B. the page two C. second page D. page second 26. The year 1999 should be read The year_C_. A. nineteen and ninety-nine B. nineteen ninety-nine C. one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine D. nineteen hundred and ninety-nine 27. Now let me have_A_. A. the third try B. a third try C. third try D. this third try28. _C_ of the students are girls in our class. A. Two three B. Two threes C. Two thirds D. Second three 29. There are_B_ months in a year. December is the_month of the year. A. twelve; twelve B. twelve; twelfth C. twelfth; twelve D. twelve; twelfth 30. Tom was _B_ to get to school and I was _. A. first; ninth C. the first; the ninth B. a first; a ninth D. the second; the ninth 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -