2022年初三英语上册Unit13We’retryingtosavetheearth知识点总结 .pdf

初三英语上册（人教新目标）Unit 13 We re trying to save the earth!知识点总结一、重点词汇词义辨析： cost/spend/take/pay 都与 “ 花费 ” 有关，但用法上有区别。 coststh. costs (sb.) +money spend 1. spend+ time/money on sth.2. spend +time/money (in) doing sth. takeIt takes (sb.) time +to do sth. paypay (sb.)+money for sth.因此， “ 他们花两年建造这座桥” 可以表示为：They spend two years on this bridge. =They spent two years (in) building this bridge. =It took them two years to build this bridge. “ 我花了 2000 块钱买这台电脑 ” 可以表示为：I spent 2000 Yuan on the new computer. =I spent 2000 Yuan (in) buying the new computer. =The new computer cost me 2000 Yuan. =I paid 2000 Yuan for the new computer. 词义辨析： take part in/join/join in/attend 这些动词或词组均含“ 参加，加入 ” 之意。 take part in常指参加大型比赛或活动。 join特指加入党派、团体等；join sb. in (doing) sth.指“和某人一起做某事”。 join in多指参加小规模的活动，如：球赛、游戏等。 attend侧重参加或出席会议、学术活动、音乐会、上课等等，着重强调成为其中的听众或观众。 A lot of college students took part in the movement last year. 去年很多大学生参加了那个运动。His brother joined the army two years ago. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 6 页两年前他哥哥参军。 May I join in your discussion? 我可以参加你们的讨论吗？ Hundreds of students attended the lecture given by the famous professor. 数百人参加了这位著名教授的讲座。词义辨析： turn 词组 turn on打开 turn off关上 turn up把调高 turn down把调低 turn out原来是，结果是turn out (to be) +adj./n. turn around转身 turn back返回 turn to翻到；求助于 turn into将转变为；译成 turn over翻转The experiment turned out to be a success. 实验是成功的。 I turned around to see who was calling me. 我转过身看谁在喊我。Please turn to Page 10. 请翻到第十页。I have turned into a woman with strong will. 我已经变成了意志坚定的人。She turned over and fell to sleep. 她翻了翻身，睡着了。afford to do sth.：买得起 ，足够支付 We cant afford to pay such a high price. 我们付不起这个价钱。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 6 页be harmful to：对 有害Staying up often is harmful to your health. 经常熬夜对你的健康有害。拓展：1. harm ：n. 害处 2. do harm to：对 有害at the top of：在 顶端There was not enough oxygen at the top of the mountain. 山顶上缺氧。He shouted at the top of his voice in order to be heard. 他尽力大声叫喊，以便别人能听见。拓展：反义词 at the bottom of：在 的底端take action：采取行动The police had to take action to deal with the riots. 警方不得不采取行动来对付骚乱。throw away：扔掉；错过（机会等）Many people throw away cigarette ends carelessly. 许多人随手乱扔香烟头。Dont throw away this opportunity.别错失这次机会。拓展： 1. throw at ：扔向 2. throw about：到处扔put sth. to good use：好好利用某物If you focus your mind on the task, your talents can be put to good use. 如果你集中精神在工作上，你的才能就能好好利用起来。pull down ：拆毁They are going to pull down the old building and replace it with a new shopping mall. 他们打算把这幢旧建筑拆掉，并代之以新的商场。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 6 页upside down：上下颠倒The lid, turned upside down, served as a coffee table. 那个盖子被反过来当作咖啡桌。bring back：归还；使想起Your article brought back sad memories for me. 你的文章使我想起了伤心的往事。拓展： bring 词组1. bring up ：抚养长大 2. bring in ：引进 3. bring forward：提出 4. bring about：带来，造成一词多义： work n. 工作；（音乐、艺术）作品；工厂 v. 工作He has much work to do. 他有很多工作要做。（做“ 工作 ” 讲，为不可数名词）The man gained his wealth by printing works of famous writers. 他通过印刷著名作家的作品来获得财富。（做“ 作品 ” 讲，为可数名词，但常用复数） The glass works is/are near the station. 玻璃厂在车站附近。（做“ 工厂 ” 讲，只用复数形式，但谓语动词单复均可）拓展：英语中有些名词，单复数形式意义有差别。 manner 方式，方法manners 礼貌，礼仪 arm 胳膊arms 武器water 水waters 海水，水域wood 木头 woods 森林识记词汇fisherman n. 渔夫coal n. 煤wooden adj. 木制的takeaway n. 外卖食物 chain n. 链条精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 6 页 the food chain 食物链 ecosystem n. 生态系统 law n. 法律 scientific adj. 科学的 transportation n. 交通 napkin n. 餐巾纸 gate n. 大门 president n. 总统，主席，负责人 metal n. 金属二、重点句型Other advantages of bike riding are that its good for health and it doesnt cost anything. 解析 ： 本句的主干是Other advantages of bike riding are； that its good for healthanything 是由 that 引导的表语从句；其中it s good for health 和 it doesn t cost anything 是骑自行车的两个优势。翻译 ：骑自行车的其它好处有：有益健康而且不花钱。But do you realize that youre killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl ofshark s fin soup? 解析 ：本句的主干是do you realize？；that youre killing a whole shark 是 realize 的宾语从句； each time you enjoy a bowl of shark s fin soup 是时间状语从句。翻译 ：但是你有没有意识到每次你喝鱼翅汤的时候其实是在杀害一整头鲸鱼？出题建议 ：确定好题型后，在关键词中输入：each time 。Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the strongest in their food chain. 解析 ：本句的主干是Many believe；that sharks can never be endangered 是 believe 的宾语从句；because they are the strongest in their food chain 是由 because 引导的原因状语从句。翻译 ：许多人相信，鲨鱼不会遇到危险，因为在它们的食物链中，鲨鱼是最强壮的。Not only can the art bring happiness to others, but it also shows that even cold, hard精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 6 页 iron can be brought back to life with a little creativity. 解析 ：本句的主干是Not only can the art bring happiness to others, but it also shows，主干是由not only butalso 连接的并列句； that even cold, hard iron can be brought back to life with a little creativity 是 shows 的宾语从句。翻译 ：艺术不仅仅可以给他人带来快乐，同时也表明只要有创意，即使冷硬的钢铁都可以恢复生机。三、重点语法精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 6 页