2022年外研版高中英语高一至高三重点短语词汇 .pdf

- 1 - 高一英语重点短语，词汇quality ( C ) 质量quantity ( C ) 数量fun ( U ) have fun 玩的高兴funny adj 滑稽的argue + with sb ( about/ over sth) for/against sth 为/反对.而争辩fill in 填写，添满，消磨时间reason ( C ) 原因，理由the reason why + 句子 + is/was that + 表语从句interest n ( C/U ) Vt take/ feel an interest in sth = be interested in imagine Vt 想象，认为imagine + n + doing sth + sb s doing sth I can t imagine their stealing. + that + 从句Survive Vt Vi + from He was very lucky to survive the war. Many patients have survived from the disaster. alone adv/adj （客观上）独自地live alone lonely adj （主观上）孤独的feel lonely on a flight 在飞行中on a trip/journey 在旅行中on the go 忙个不停crash V 撞碎，撞坏，坠毁，倒塌，崩溃desert n 沙漠，荒原V 离弃，放弃，遗弃逃离deserted adj 荒芜的，无人的learn to do sth 学会做 learn doing/n 学做 all alone = all by oneself all along = always 一直，始终fire n ( U ) make fire 生火catch fire 着火put out the fire 灭火( be) on fire 着火/失火set sth on fire 放火烧 sth challenge n (C) 挑战Vt 向挑战，对 质疑develop V 发展，研制，开发，培养develop a friendship with sb ( 建立 ) develop an interest in sth ( 培养 ) realise 认识到，体会，领悟，使 成为现实think about = think over 仔细思考think of think back to 回想think nothing of 觉得不怎么样think out 想出think/speak highly/much of 对评价高，赞赏think little of 对评价不高，不赞成treat Vt 对待，治疗，处理，款待treat sb to sth 用款待 sb have sb do sth 让某人做某事have sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事have sth done 使 被做 （ 主观有 /无意 ）get sth done 使 被做 （ 主观有意）make friends (with sb) 与 sb交友make enemies (with sb) 与 sb 树敌care about 在意，在乎care for 喜欢，照顾，关心example n ( C ) take for example 以 为例set an example to sb = set sb an example 为 sb树立个榜样joke n ( C ) tell jokes 说笑话play a joke on sb 戏弄 sb share sth with sb 与 sb分享/共用 sth be tired of sth/doing 厌烦做 . be tired from sth/doing 因做了 而累at all 竟然，究竟，到底not .at all 根本不，一点也不be/feel at home 随便，自由自在make sb at home （使）别客气，别拘束mean to do 打算做某事mean doing 意味着做某事in the/one s way 妨碍，挡住 的路in a way 从某种意义 /程度上说by way of 经由. 取道lose one s way 迷路make one s way 努力向前all the way 一路上on one s way to swh not a bit 一点也不not a little = very much majority + n 复数，谓语用复数the majority 做主语，谓语单复数均可equal 相等的，同样的，平等的，be equal to on one s own = alone = all by oneself 独自地situation 情况，处境，形势（指环境 /外在）condition 状况，状态（指个体 /内在）state 状态，状况（只用单数，与in 连用）in a state of . wide adj /adv widely adv high adj / adv highly adv deep adj / adv deeply adv close adj / adv closely adv late adj / adv lately adv 最近 = recently on/ over the radio 通过无线电on TV on the phone 通过电话knowledge n U in the future 在将来in future 从今以后exchange n / Vt 交换，交流，兑换exchange sth with sb come about = take place 发生，产生come across （偶然）遇见 /发现while 而，却，尽管end up with 以 结束/告终begin/ start with 以 开始consider doing sth 考虑做 . consider sb/ sth to do 认为 means n （单/复数）同形，“手段，方法”meaning n C “ 意思，含义 ”by means of 通过的方式by this/that means 通过这种 /那种方式by no means 决不follow 跟随，理解，沿着 走，听从follow one s advice / instructions 听从某人的建议follow the example of 以为榜样as follows 如下go through = experience get through = finish try to do sth 尽力地去做 try doing 试着做 watch out for = be careful in danger 处于险境in danger of 有的危险out of danger 脱离险境handle : n 柄，把手Vt 操作，处理，管理，对待separate: adj单独的，分开的 V 分离，分开，隔离 （+from）be off = leave be off to + 目的地 = leave for + 目的地see sb off 为某人送行combine A and B = combine A with B be good to sb/sth 对好/有利be bad to sb/sth 对不好/不利learn about 了解的事精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 12 页- 2 - cause: n 原因Vt 引起，造成，产生sink sank sunk Vi 下沉，沉没，低下= go down for fun = in fun take place = happen frighten Vt = scare 使害怕，使 惊吓frightened = scared 受惊吓的firghtening = scaring 令人害怕的be afraid of 对担心be afraid to do sth 不敢做 a big mass of = masses of = lots of 大批的，大量的advance ：使前进/提出/提高 Vi 高升/涨价n 前进/进展advanced adj 先进的，高级的 in advance 预先，提前hold onto 抓住，抓牢，保持，不放弃，不卖掉struggle against/for/with fight over 为而争吵fight back：还击，忍住finally = at last = in the end flow flowed flowed flowing fly flow flown flying day after day：日复一日地（无变化）day by day：一天天地（有变化）cut down 砍倒，减少，降低，削减destroy：V 破坏，消灭（不可修补）damage ：Vt/n 损坏，损失（可修补，补偿）ruin：V/n 破坏，灭亡，夷为平地refer to：意思是指 提及，谈到，查阅fear: n(U) / V 恐惧，害怕for fear of 担心 以防for fear that + 句子担心 以防in/with fear 惊恐地fear for 为而担心look up at 抬头看 look up 抬头/查阅 look up to 尊敬. look down at 低头看 look down upon 瞧不起look down 低头catch sb doing sth 抓住 sb正在做 make a choice 做出选择have no choice but todo sth ：除了做 而别无选择In the beginning -in the end At the beginning of - at the end of Make money, save money , collect money at a speed of 以的速度speed up 加速slow down 减速at full/top speed全速地work on 从事于 ，致力于 owe：欠，感激，把 归功于 owe sb sth欠 sb sthowe to 把归功于 owe it to sb that + 从句（it 是形式宾语 that 从句是真实宾语）I owe it to you that I have made much progress in English. above allall along 一直after all all the same 依然，仍然all at once突然can t help doing 情不自禁地做 . can t help (to) do不能帮着做 can t help but do= can t choose but do = can t but do = have to do take one s place = take the place of sb 代替 sb take one s place = be seated就座keep on doing：坚持做 . keep away from：离开 ，不接近 keep back：阻止，抑制，隐瞒keep out (of) 挡住，不让 进来keep up 保持，继续，持续keep up with 不落后于 ，跟上cause trouble = make trouble ：制造麻烦get into trouble：遇到麻烦have trouble/difficult (in) doing sth ：做有麻烦put sb to trouble：给 sb添麻烦decide to do = be determined to do sth afford V 负担得起 afford + n afford to do sth comment n C / U 评论comment Vi + ( on / upon) sth 就提出看法in one s opinion = in one s eye s 以的观点来看have a good/ poor/ high/ low opinion of sb think well/ ill/ highly/ low opinion of sb off work 在休假out of work 失业at work 在工作中cut through/ across 穿过，横过cut away 切下，砍倒cut down 砍倒，削减，减少cut off 切断，停止供应interrupt = get in a word 插嘴，打断for a moment = for a while 一段时间for the moment 暂时the moment = as soon as at the moment = now apologise v. 道歉apology: n 道歉apologise for ( doing) sth apologise to sb for ( doing) sth make / offer an apology ( to sb for sth) accept / refuse an apology introduce:Vt 介绍，引进，传入，使 认识/了解seat ：n C 座位， Vt 就座take / have a seat = sit down take one s seat 就座no one 只指人不与 of 短语连用，回答who 提问的句子Who is here? No one. none ( 3个以上 )指人/事或物。回答 how many / much提问 How many people are there? None. neither ( 两者都不 ) ，后谓语用单数nothing 指物，不与 of 短语连用，回答 what 提问的句子。go over = review ：复习，检查，走过去。宽恕，原谅： excuse( 语气较轻 ) pardon( 赦免 ) forgive 从心里宽恕question： 课业上的，需要别人回答的问题用answer回答。problem： 客观存在的，社会的棘手的问题， 用 solve 回答。no question / no problem 毫无疑问 .不可能的There is no question + that 从句There is no question of / about out of question 毫无疑问out of the question impossible pay a visit to sb / sth 拜访pay back偿还，报复pay off还清manners: ( 复)礼貌，规矩，风俗，生活方式manner: n 态度，样子，举止，与of 连用impression：n ( C )印象，感觉，印记make / leave a + (adj) impression on sb 给 sb留下的印象at the table = near the table at table 在吃饭，at desk 在学习sometimes ：有时 , sometime： 某时some time ：一段时间, some times ：几次custom：n ( C ) 风俗，习惯，习俗customs ：关税the Customs ：海关customer：顾客course: n ( C )一道菜，课程，进程，过程，航道in course of 在中in / during the course of 在过程中raise： Vt rise： Vi advice：n ( U ) 建议，意见a piece of advice give sb some advice on 就某事给 sb提建议ask ( sb) for advice on 向 sb 征求建议take / follow ( one s ) advice 接受建议advise ( doing) sthadvise sb ( not) to do sth too much + n ( U ) much too + adj / adv besides ：而且，加之what s more. loud：adj / adv 大声的地aloud：adv出声地（silently 安静地）loudly：adv喧闹地，吵闹地，高声地extra：adj 额外的，特别的。 adv：特别地，非常地。It s time for sth It s time to do sth It s time for sb to do sth It s time that sb did sth give/ send one s best wishes to sb 向 sb 致意wish to do sth wish sb to do sth wish sb n /adj make / tell a joke 说笑话精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 12 页- 3 - have a joke with sb与 sb 说笑话play a joke on sb戏弄 sb base on 把建立在 ，以为基础be based on以 为基础represent = stand for 代表under attack 遭受攻击under repair在维修中under study在研究中under construction 在建设中under control 处于控制之下give in屈服，投降，上交turn in = hand in 上交give in to sb 向让步，迁就in pieces：成碎片，破碎，落空break (sth ) to / into pieces fall to pieces ： 摔成碎片tear (sth) into pieces 把 撕成碎片replace = take the place of 替换，取代change one s mind keep in mind 记住read one s mind看出 sb 的心思pull down ：拆掉，摧毁，推翻，使 降低下跌notbut不是而是hold one s breath 屏住呼吸lose one s breath喘不过气来out of breath上气不接下气a deep breath深呼吸be worth doing 值得做be worthy of being done be worthy to be done every two days 每两天every other days 每隔几天+ do sth would rather + not do sth + do A than do B = would do A rather than do B compete Vi 竞争，比赛compete in + 比赛compete with / against + 人compete for + sth + n allow , permit + sb to do sth + doing sth father：直接义further：引申义make every possible effort to do sth make the great effort to do sth prepare for sth 为而准备prepare to do sth 准备做 sth prepare sb for sth / to do sth 使准备好做某事have an effect on /upon . 对有影响，对 起作用more than 超过，多于，远不止passive adj积极的active adj 主动的，积极的join + 组织，团体join in + 活动take part in + 活动（起到一定作用）It depends.看情况吧。live a happy/ life smile a sweet/ bitter smile sing a beautiful/ sweet song late : adj / adv 晚的地，迟的地latest: adj最新的，最近的latter : pron / adj后者，与 former 对应lately: adv最近add A to B 把加到上add to 增加add up 加起来add up to 总计，和计remind sb of / about sth ：提醒某人某事，使某人想起某事remind sb to do sth 提醒某人去做某事in case of ：万一 in case：advpron以防万一，in no case ：决不in any case ： 无论如何in that case ：如果那样wonder: n ( U ) 奇迹，奇观， (C ) 令人惊奇的事，物t = want to know ； no wonder ：难怪force sb to do sth = force sb into doing sth 强迫 sb 做 sth come up with：赶上，提出，相出succeed in ( doing ) sth the reason for . the cause of die out：灭绝die for：为而死die of：死于 （内因） die from：死于 （外因）die off：相继去世by turns = in turn 按次序地，依次地take turns doing sth 轮流做 . take measures to do sth 采取措施去做 make to one s measure 按照.的尺寸做adapt to：适应，适合 （to 是介词 ）adapt.to Vt 使适合. devote one s life / money / time / oneself to sth in common with ：与有共同之处set free 释放free of charge 免费地for free无偿地，免费地free from不受的损害respond = react 反应，respond to 对作出反应a large amount of + n ( U ) a great deal of + n ( U ) desire:n ( C) / ( U ) 愿望，渴望+(for sth) advice n ( U) , suggestion n ( C ) sure：表语形容词，大多人作主语certain：定语形容词，大多由sth作主语dance to the music/ song 伴着音乐歌跳舞a world of + n ( C) / ( U ) 无数的，大量的 have sth in common with . 与有共同之处spread ：传播，传开 get round，伸展 /延伸/展开/铺开variety：多样性，种类，变化a variety of = various different kinds of record : n ( C ) 记录，唱片Vt 记录下来，记载，录制write a record of. 记录下 break a record 打破记录keep the record of 保持的记录be similar to. 与相似be satisfied / content with sb / sth 对.满意be satisfied / content to do sth totally = completely = thoroughly = wholly express ：Vt 表达n 快车adj 特快的expression ：n（C）表达，表情，表达方式take down = put down = write down ：写下，记下take in接受，吸收，理解，欺骗take on呈现，雇佣，从事take over接管take up占据，占领，开始做 a series of 一系列的，一连串的，in trouble 处于困境中have trouble (in) doing sth做有麻烦get into trouble 陷入困境make trouble 制造麻烦take trouble to do sth 费心做 learn from 向.学learn of / about听说了解 learn by heart用心学 be afraid to do sth 不敢做 be afraid of (doing) sth对做担心power：能力，电力，力量，动力，权力，政权in power：执政精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 12 页- 4 - take power / come into power 上台，开始执政come across = run across = meet with = happen to meet = run into = meetby chance 偶然遇见 grow up 长大have a habit of doing sth form / develop the habit of 养成 的习惯be in the habit of 有的习惯get / fall into the habit of 染上的习惯get sb into the habit of 使 sb染上的习惯out of habit 出于习惯compare to 把比作compare with把和相比compared to / with 与相比（句首，做伴随状语）whisper：Vt 私语，低声说， Vi + to sb，n C 低声so good a boy = such a good boy if only 要是就好了only if 只要，只有what if 倘若该怎么办？as if = as though 似乎，好像turn around / round 转回身turn back 折回，返回turn out 结果是，原来是，证明是use up 用完burn up 烧完eat up 吃完end up (with ) 结束/ 以告终make a list of 列出.的清单hurt ：指精神上，肉体上的伤害（强调疼痛，难受）harm：指对人，对事有害。wound：多指外伤injure：指意外事故造成的伤害。a bit = a little not a bit = not at all not a little = very much examine :Vt 仔细检查，测验（多指身体或考试）check: Vt 查验，核对。keep up with：跟上，不落后catch up with：追上，赶上offer：Vt 提供，给予，出 的价； n 提供，供给offer to do sth： （主动地）答应做 choose ：选中，选定（强调结果）choose from ：从中选择（强调选的过程）select：精挑细选likely: adj / adv sb be likely to do sthsb 很可能做 a large amount of = a great deal of + (U) 大量的 . celebrate : 庆祝/ 祝贺 （+ 节日，胜利，典礼，仪式 ）congratulate : + sb ( on sth ) dress ：+ sb ：给某人穿衣服put on：+ 衣服（指穿的动作）wear： + 衣服 （指穿的状态）haveon 表示穿的状态（ 不用进行时）following : prep 以后； adj 接下来的； n 以下choice：n C 选择的人 /物；U选择，选定，选择权by choice 自由地make a choice 做出 的选择前有“ do” ，后无 to ；前无“ do” ，后有 to I had no choice but to give up. I can do nothing but give up. give in ：屈服，投降，让步give up： 放弃give off： 散发出，放射出 give out： 分发，分配，公布，用尽，筋疲力尽give over：交给，移交give back：返还，恢复not but . 不是 . 而是. play a trick on sb = play a joke on sb = play tricks on sb scene ： （C）现场，场景（人工布局的） ，一场，scenery ： （U）大多指自然景色missing: adj 不见了（一时找不到，不一定丢了）lost: adj 丢了（找不到了）before 的特殊用法：得. 才He waited a long time before the train arrived 用不了 .就I hadn t waited long before he came. 没等就He began to speak before I could sit down. in the past：在过去（用过去时）in the past years / days （用完成时） 在过去的 年/天里call on sb 拜访 sb， 号召call at sp 拜访某地look down at sth ：低头看look about / around：环顾四周，警戒look into：调查，注视 内部look on ：旁观look out ：向外看 look over ： 检查，检阅look through：浏览，检查at ( the ) most ： 至多，最多at ( the ) least ：至少，最少have sb doing sth = keep sb doing sth 让一直做 have sb do sth = make sb do sth come up with ：提出，提供put up with ：忍受by accident = by chance 偶然地by mistake 由于疏忽by good fortune 由于幸运advantage ：C 优势，利益，好处take advantage of = make use of 利用to sb s advantage = to the advantage of sb 对 sb 有利discover sb doing sth ：发现 sb正在做 make a great discovery ：完成一项重大发现依某人看来： in one s opinion / view = in the opinion of sb 浪费： a waste of mean doing sth ：意味着 mean to do sth = intend to do sth 打算做 It is no use doing sth ：做是没有用的It is no good doing sth ：做是没有好处的conduct ：指导，引导，指挥，经营，管理动词不定式做宾语的词：Wish, agree, decide, pretend, ask, tell, promise, plan, expect, refuse charge ：n / V 要价，负责，管理in charge ：掌管，掌管，负责in charge of：负责 in the charge of + sb ：由 负责under the charge of + sb 在 的管理之下take / have charge of + 部门负责/管理 . free of charge ：免费地at one s own charge ：自费sharp ：锋利的，尖锐的，灵敏的，苛刻的tear：Vt 撕裂 n C眼泪move sb to tears ：感动得某人落泪burst into tears ： 突然哭起来be in tears ：在哭，流泪doubt + 肯定句 + whether / if + 从句doubt + 疑问句 / 否定句 + that + 从句do with：处置，处理deal with： 处置，处理inspire : Vt 鼓舞，激发，感动inspiring : adj 鼓舞人的，感动人的live on ： （指人）以 为生feed on ： （指动物）以 为食be about to do sth ：不与表示时间的状语连用be to do sth ：可以与表示时间的状语连用精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 12 页- 5 - refer to： （to 是介词） ：参考，涉及，谈到，提及，指的是主谓一致：1. 谓语动词就近一致的原则：Or； eitheror；neither nor； not but；not only .but also.；there be 句型2. 谓语动词与前面的主语一致：with； together with；but；as well as ；except； besides ；rather than ；including；the + adj 表示一类人的时候，谓语用复数the + adj 表示一类物 /事的时候，谓语用单数praise: Vt 赞扬，表扬；n ( U) 称赞，表扬（反） blame V/ n 指责，责备praise sb ( for doing sth) promise: n 诺言，有前途； Vt 答应，允诺，约定promising : adj 有前途的，有希望的explain ： V 解释explain sth to sb； explain to sb sth make up ：弥补，编造，make up for 弥补make use of 利用the same as （ 指不同的一个）the same that . （就是指上文中提到的那个）possess: Vt 拥有，掌握，控制，占有possession : n ( U) 所有，拥有，获得( C) 所有物agree to plan / suggestion / arrangement ：同意计划 / 建议/安排agree to do sth ：同意做 agree with sb 同意某人，适合agree on 就达成一致 /共识 (主语大多是复数 ) compared to/ with （固定形式）大多作伴随状语；与相比pleasure ： （C）可乐的事； （U）愉快，快乐，愿望，高兴，for pleasure = for fun 为了快乐，作为消遣with pleasure 愉快地，高兴地It will be + 时间段 + before + 句子 ：得过（多久） .才. It won t be +时间段 + before + 句子：用不了（多久） 就take place break out happen 多不用被动形式believe sb ：相信某人的话believe in sb：相信某人的品质或能力nature：(U) 自然（界 /现象） ，不与冠词连用The beauty of nature is so wonderful. ( C) 性质，本质，本性，天性People have similar natures. by nature ： 生来，本来，生就in nature：在本质上，实际上ruin ：夷为平地（不可修补）destroy ：彻底破坏（不可修补）damage ：损坏（可修补）prepare sth prepare for sth prepare to do sth