最新HND商务信息与通讯技术OUTCOME1.docx

精品资料HND商务信息与通讯技术OUTCOME1.Part1: Identify andevaluatetherole ofbusiness information in decision-making.Question 1:Strategic ManagementStrategic management is responsible for making decisions that affect whole company. These decisions are generally very complex and unstructured .They make long-term decisions.Internal: The market trends. If the company can observe the index，it willunderstand the needs of the company ，so as to decide it will produce the products to gain more profit.External: the staffing needs. If the mpany can improve employee benefits，increase their rewards ，it will make employees have more power.Tactical ManagementTactical managers are the middle management. They make medium-term decisions a忏'ectingbudgets， monitoring operations， developing policies， obtaining resources. Tactical managers develop tactics to achieve the overall strategic aims and objectives set by the strategic manager.Internal: The budgets. If the company has a budget process，it will be able to control the budget and control the company's cash position. And the enterprisecapital will become more flexible .External: If the enterprise has the fixed suppliers，it will guarantee the quality of enterprise products and save operating time，thus enhances the enterprise the competitive ability and increase more profits.Operational ManagementThe operational manager is the first line manager or supervisor. They areresponsible for the day-to-day opera甘ons of the business.Internal: If the enterprise sta仔 attendance record eve叩 day，it can work out a plan for a more perfect plan according to the information，so that employees work more e仔iciently.External: The customer needs. If the enterp川se understand customer needs， its products to attract customers and increase income.Senior ManagementStrategicTacticalMiddle ManagementOperationalQuestion 2:"Enterprise resource planning is a cross-functional enterprise system driven by an integrated suite of so仕ware modules that supports the basic internalbusiness prosses of a mpany." ERP gives a company an integratedreal-time view of i怡 core business processes such as production，order processing，and inventory management，tied together by ERP applications software and a common database maintained by a database management system. ERP systems track business resources (such as cash，raw materials，and production capacity) and the status of commitments made by the business (such as customer orders，purchase orders，and employee payroll)，no matter which department (manufacturing ，purchasing ，sales，accounting ，and so on) has entered the data into the system. ERP facilitates information f10w between all business functions inside the organization，and manages connections to outside stakeholders. (Wikipedia ，2013)This information system would support decision-making at strategic levels. ERP provides support to upper level management to provide them with critical decision making information.This decision support allows the upper level management to make managerial choices that enhance the businessdown the road. ERP also creates a more agile mpany that better adapts to change. ERPmakes a company more f1exible and less 时gidly structured so organization components operate more cohesively，enhancing the business-斗nternallyand externa11y. ERP can greatly improve the quality and efficiency of a business. By keeping a company's internal business process running smoothly ，ERP can lead to better outputs that benefit the company such as customer service，and manufacturing."Customer relationship management is a model for managing a company'sinteractions with current and future customers." It involves using technology to organize ，automate ，and synchronize sales，marketing ，customer service ，and technical suppo凡 (Wikipedia ，2013)This information system would support decision-making at operational levels. Access control is crucial for the SCM tool. On the one hand，since this is team development ，may need to limit certain members of the authority;The sub-project of the especially big projects tend to be involved inoutsourcing ，at the end of the alignment stage will involve a lot of different units，need more rights management. Access control ，on the other hand，also reduced the possibility of wrong operation，indirect improve the availability of the SCM tool. SCM tools record programs and files modified tr司ectory，track change information，make the software development work completed in Baseline (Baseline) gradual wa弘 avoiding the uncontrolled software developme nt situation ，make development status in order."Supply chain management is the management of the flow of goods. It includes the movement and storage of raw materials ， work-in-process inventory，and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption ." Interconnected or interlinked networks，channels and node businesses areinvolved in the provision of products and services required by end customers in a supply chain . Supply chain management has been defined as the "design， planning，execution，control ，and monito时ng of supply chain activities with the objective of creating net value，building a competitive infrastructure ，leveraging worldwidelogistics， synchronizing supply with demandand measuring performance globally." (Wikipedia ，2013)This information system would support decision-making at operationa川evels.CRM is not only one in the face of customer marketing and service department， also is a business departments can share information and resources pla仔'o rm for the automation work，in order to maximize the mining and coordination of enterprise resources ， expand the survival space and potential. CRM is customer information into positive customer relationship and the workingprocess of the cycle. Through the CRM can more trulycomprehensive collection，analysis of customer information ，to providecustomers with multi-angle，all-round service.Question 3:"The Data Protection Act 1998 is a United Kingdom Act of Parliament whichdefines UK law on the processing of data on identifiable living people. It is the main piece of legislation that governs the protection of personal data in the UK. Although the Act itself does not mention privacy，it was enacted to bring UK lawinto line with the EU data protection directive of 1995 which required Member States to protect people's fundamental rights and freedoms and in particular their right to privacy with respect to the processing of personal data."(Wikipedia ，2013)1 think it necessa叩for enterprises to use the Act.It can better protect corporatedata and information，to reduce a lot of business risk."The Copyright，Designs and Patents Act 1988 (c. 48)，also known as theCDPA，is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which received Royal Assent on 15 November 1988. It reformulates almost completely the statutory basis of copyright law (including pe斤。rming rights) in the United Kingdom， which had，until then，been governed by the Copyright Act 1956 (c. 74). It alsocreates an unregistered design right，and contains a number of modificatìons to the law of the United Kingdom on Registered Designs and patents." (Wikipedia ，2013)1 suggest it necessary for enterprises to use the Act. It can help enterp川ses tobetter protect and increase their own interests.Part 2: Describe and evaluate data communication systems and new ICT innovations.Question 1: Compare and contrast three data communication systems.A local area network (LAN) is a network that connects computers within a limited geographical district，usually within an independent office or building.Wide Area Network (WAN) ，also called Remote Computer Network，the scope of its largest，generally can be from a few tens of kilometers to tens of thousands of miles. Established a national or international network is a widearea network. In a wide area network， used for the transmission of communications devices and transmission medium can be provided by the telecom sector.(NWPU，2013)"The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that usethe standard Internet protocol suite (TCA斤P) to serve several billion users worldwide. It is a nefwork of nefworks that consists of millions of private，public， academic ，business，and government networks，of local to global scope，that are linked by a broad array of electronic ，wireless and optical networkingtechnologies. The Internet carries an extensive range of information resourcesand services，such as the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW)，the infrastructure to suppo时 email ，and peer-to-peer networks." For example ， Microsoft Service Network and Email passed through the Internet.(Wikipedia ，2013)Compare: A local area network is a network within a limited distance usuallyon one geographical site. The Wide Area Network is larger than local areanetwork. The Internet is global，the most wide range.(IT168，2011)The three data communication systems have themselves advantages ，so it should be combined with each other，the development of enterprises will be better.Question 2: Describe two benefits for each of the three data communication systems for BW.Local area network: Low-Ievel proto1 is Simple. In the local area network (LAN)，due to theshort distance and time delay is small，low cost，high transmission rate， high reliability，so the channel utilization has not considered the main factors，so the low-Ievel protocol is simple. Because of the close range transmission ，so the error rate is ve叩 low.Wide Area Network: Its transmission speed is betler and transmits large amounts of data. Its transmission range is wider.Internet: The Internet provides abundant information resources and application services.Not only it can transmit the information such as text，voice，image， and thousands of miles away，people can car叩out real-time conversations over the Intemet，online，etc. The Intemet is the world's most open computer network. Every computer as long as the suppo时 ofTCPIlP protocol 臼n be connected to the Internet， to realize information resources sharing ，etc. (100XUEXI，2010)Question3:Identifyandevaluatethreethreatsto security ofnetworked information and the securityprocedures that would be appropriate for BW to adopt. Fire: Fire is to point to in time and space caused by the burning out of control. Among various kinds of disaster，fire is the most often，the most common threat to public safety and social development of one of the majordisasters.Enterprises should be installed in the indoor fire water spray nozzle; policy formulation about Smoking is prohibited and set up evacuation passageway.This can better reduthe possibility of fire. Theft: In common usage，theft is the taking of another person's propertywithout that person's permission or consent with the intent to deprive therigh町ul owner of it.Enterprises should hire security guards and install cameras at indoors，so that we can better avoid the threat of the thief. Viruses : A computer virus is a type of malware that，when executed， replicates by inserting copies of itself (possibly modified) into other computer programs，data files，or the boot sector of the hard drive; whenthis replication succeeds ，the a仔'ected areas are then said to be "infected"Enterprises should employ network security engineer and set up the firewall to prevent virus intrusion.Questio4:'Identifyandevaluatethree! ITC innovations in terms of their relevance to the needs ofBW，their managers and staff.Voice over Internet Protocol: "Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a methodologyandgroupoftechnologiesforthedeliveryofvoice communications and multimedia sessions over Internet Protocol (IP) networks， such as the Internet. Other terms commonly associated with VolP are IP telephony ，Internet telephony ，voice over broadband (VoBB)，broadband telephony ，IP communications ，and broadband phone service ." (Wikipedia，2013) The greatest benefit of Voice over Internet Protocol is ve叩cheap. This will save money for the company. Voice over Internet Protocol services is varied. Voice over Internet Protocol transmission media is diversification .Cloud computing: "Cloud，or something being in the cloud，is an expressionused to describe a variety of different types of computing concepts that involve a large number of computers connected through a real-time communication network such as the Internet." (Wikipedia ，2013) Security，cloud computing provides the most reliable and secure datastorage center; users don't have to worry about data loss，such as virus invasion of trouble. Convenience ，cloud computing equipment requirements for clients is thelowest，is the most convenient for you to use.Tencent QQ: Tencent QQ is tencent developed internet-based instant messaging (1M) software. Support tencent QQ online chat，video phone，point-to-point breakpoint continuingly files，share files，network hard disk，custom panel，QQ，E-mail and other functions ，and can be connected to the mobile communication terminal and other communication methods.'Enterprises can use QQ to communicate with staff ，other enterprises . Information transfer fast，Sending and receiving message immediately. Enterprises can use voice and video chat face to face，the function is very comprehensive. And these are free .ReferenceWikipedia， 2013， Enterpriseresourceplanningonline ， availableat:.org/wiki/Enterprise_resource_planning>accessed飞巳October 2013Wikipedia ，2013 ，Customer relationship management online，available at:伊， edia.org/wiki/Customer_relationship _management> accessed 16 October 2013Wikipedia ， 2013， Supplychainmanagementonline， availableat:加， ed阻。rg/wiki/Suppl.儿chain_management>accessedat16October 2013Wikipedia， 2013， DataProtectionAct丁 998online ， availableat:川'<:ipedia.org/wikilData_Protection_Ac t_ 1998>accessedat气已October 2013Wikipedia ，2013，Copyright，Designs and Patents Act 1988 online，availableat:h柱p:/en.wikipedia.org/wikilCopyright%2C _Design飞and-Patents-Act-1988拌The_A ct> accessed at 16 October 2013NWPU， 2013 ， chapter three WAN Technologiesonline， availableat:<http巧ipkc.nwpu. !jp2005/09/main/multibookl3/3-1.htm>accessedat16 October 201