2022届高考英语二轮复习：如何写记叙文讲义（含答案） (1).doc

如何写记叙文文体特点记叙文是以叙述为主要表达方式，以写人物的经历和事物发展变化为主要内容的一种文体。侧重记人的记叙文，以介绍人物事迹为重点；侧重叙事的记叙文，以叙述事情的发生、发展、经过和结果为重点。但是，记人和叙事是分不开的，记人需要用具体事件来表现人物，而叙事的灵魂是事件中人物的所作所为。记叙文的六要素包括时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过和结果。写作指导写记叙文时，首先应审清写作中涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件。其次结合题目要求（包括注意事项和参考词汇等），弄清写作要点。然后用英语罗列出相关信息（包括可能适当增加的情节），并思考运用恰当的连接词。记叙文的开头通常交代事件的背景，文章主体可按事件发生的顺序记叙，也可按人物活动的时间顺序或按空间位置变换记叙。写作时应注意以下关键内容：1. 明确写作要点。只有明确了写作要点，才能合理安排文章内容，分清主次。2. 认真挑选细节。细节描写是指抓住生活中的细微而又具体的典型情节，加以生动细致地描写。成功的细节描写会让读者印象深刻，提高文章的可读性。3. 选择合适的人称。4. 恰当使用时态。一般来说，在叙述故事、游记时可用一般过去时和过去完成时；在介绍人物时，要视具体情况而定。真题再现假设你是红星中学高三（一）班的学生李华。你班同学参加了学校的“地球日”系列活动。请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，以“Actions for a Greener Earth”为题，给校刊“英语角”写一篇英文稿件，介绍活动的全过程。注意：词数 120 左右。提示词：地球日 Earth Day审题定调该题要求考生介绍自己学校的“地球日”系列活动的全过程，属于记叙文。人称以第一人称为主，时态主要用一般过去时。参考范文A week before Earth Day, posters were put up around our school, calling upon us to take partin activities to help make a greener earth.Our class came up with the idea to make better use of used materials. We brought worn-outclothes, pieces of cardboard and empty plastic bottles to our classroom, and turned them into dolls,handbags, tissue boxes and small vases. That weekend, we went to a nearby neighborhood andgave them away to the people there. All were very happy with those unexpected gifts, especiallylittle kids and elderly people. We did so well that we were invited to share our idea and experiencewith all the students of our school.We are very proud of ourselves and believe we can do more to make a better world.范文点评首先，该范文覆盖了所有的内容要点：看到倡议海报；变废为宝；发放礼物；分享心得。其次，范文中语法结构多样，词汇丰富，行文流畅，显示出作者较强的语言运用能力。如第一段虽然只有一句话，但使用了被动语态（were put up）和动词-ing 形式短语作状语。第二、三段中使用了 so . that 句型以及 came up with, make better use of, worn-out, are proud of等短语，丰富了文章的表达方式。学生习作Last week we Class 1 Grade 3 attended a series of activities about the Earth Day.After school on Monday, we were attracted by the noticeboard informing us of taking actionfor the coming Earth Day. So we came up with an idea to turn wastes into useful things. Wesegmented the bottles mouths to make them beautiful vases, stuck old newspapers to make tissueboxes and so on. Even a doll could be arranged from torn clothes! After finishing our handiwork,we distributed them among the communities to improve peoples awareness of recycling. Seeingtheir enthusiasm, we gained a great sense of achievement. The last thing we did was that weproduced our processes about how to turn wastes into useful things during a speech in which wegot active responses from all the students.I believe that through our small actions, we will get a greener Earth in the future.点评优点：1. 分段合理：第一段说明主题，第二段描述活动过程，第三段总结。2. 要点齐全：开始、发展、高潮、结束四个部分依序展开。3. 运 用 了 一 些 高 级 词 汇 和 复 杂 的 语 法 结 构 ： After finishing our . 和 Seeing theirenthusiasm 等非谓语动词结构；came up with an idea、distributed . among .和 a great sense ofachievement 等短语；定语从句和表语从句等从句。不足：1. 第二段中的层次不够清晰：衔接词的使用有所欠缺。2. 存在表意不清，用词不当的问题，如：. segmented the bottles mouths to .、arranged和 produced our processes about 等。3. 部分描述繁琐。4. 习作词数过多。改后稿Last week we attended a series of Earth Day activities.After school on Monday, we were attracted by the noticeboard asking us to do something forthe coming Earth Day. So we decided to turn waste into useful things. And then we started to actimmediately. We cut mouths of bottles off to make beautiful vases and stuck old newspaperstogether to make tissue boxes. We even made dolls from old clothes! After finishing ourhandmade works, we distributed them among a nearby community to improve peoples awarenessof recycling. Seeing their enthusiasm, we gained a great sense of achievement. Finally, weexplained how to turn waste into useful things in a speech, about which we got positive responses.I believe that through our small actions, we will make a greener Earth in the future.实战演练下面是另一位同学的习作，请根据点评中指出的问题对它进行修改。Last week, students in my class took part in an activity held by our school. The aim of it wasto arouse our awareness of protecting the earth.On seeing the notice on the wall, we gathered in our classroom and got some used cans,plastic bottles and worn clothes. And we changed them into pencil vase and shopping bags. Then,we brought the processed “junk” to a community, which had absorbed the crowds attention. Inthe end, we gave a speech about Earth Day in the Great Hall, winning applaud from audience. Viathis experience, I clearly realized that nothing ought to be useless, only if they can be coped withproperly.Every bit of effort counts and it is high time that we should take action to make the earthgreener.点评不足：1. 要点缺失：第三幅图的内容（把制作好的物品发放给社区群众）在习作中未描述清楚。2. 用词不当：pencil vase 不知是何物；processed “junk”中虽然 junk 加了引号，但也不太合适。3. 语法错误：习作中存在少量时态错误，如第二段“. which had absorbed .”和“. Iclearly realized that .”。4. 内容重复：第二段个人感悟略显重复。提示：你觉得习作中还有可以润色的地方吗？如果有，请一并修改。答案One possible version:Last week, students in my class took part in an activity held by our school, the aim of whichwas to arouse our awareness of protecting the earth.On seeing the notice on the wall, we gathered in our classroom and worked out a plan. Thenext day we collected as many used cans, plastic bottles and worn-out clothes as we could. Andwe changed them into dolls, handbags, tissue boxes and small vases. Then, we brought them to anearby community and gave them to the people there. In the end, we were invited to give a speechabout our experience in the Great Hall, winning thunderous applause from the audience.Every bit of effort counts and it is high time that we should take action to make the earthgreener.