【广东版创新设计】2011高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 A land of diversity课件 新人教版选修8.ppt

选 修 8Unit 1A land of diversity 漫画欣赏漫画欣赏 画面描述画面描述 A hen，standing on the platform，is giving lectures on math-ematics.An egg，placed on the desk，is listening.The hen is try-ing hard to give lessons to the chick before it is born.寓意理解寓意理解 Nowadays the world is full of too many competitions.To guarantee their childrens future，parents are too eager to get them well-educated，even before they are born.你能否对此加以扩展，写一篇你能否对此加以扩展，写一篇120120词左右的小短文？词左右的小短文？短文填空短文填空 根据课文根据课文CaliforniaCalifornia完成下列短文。完成下列短文。 California is the (three) largest state in the USA but has the largest population. It is the most multicultural state in the US. This is not (surprise) when you know the history of California has attracted people from nearly every country in the world. No one really knows what time the first (settle) arrived in we now know as California. The scientists believe that the Native Americans reached Alaska means of a land bridge. In the 18th century，California was ruled by Spain. Of the first Spanish to go to California，the majority were religious men. third surprising whichsettlers what by In 1848，gold discover) in California and the dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. In fact，few achieved their dream，but most remained in California to make a life for themselves. In more recent decades，California (become) home to people from Asia. is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be great that there will be no major racial or cultural groups.was discoveredhas become It so .单词拼写单词拼写 1I think their failure is due to a m of bad luck and poor management. 2It was a from her face that she was really upset. 3Take care of my l while I find a cab. 4Ive finished this magazine. Can I s with you? 5What p of the students is overweight? 6Prevention also plays a c role in keeping health. 7The bell (表明表明) the end of the period rang， interrupting our heated discussion. 8Those (申请人申请人) who want to get the job are required to present their resume before this month.ixture pparent uggage wap ercentage entral indicating applicants 9His angry (反应反应) to the decision was beyond my imagination.10As many as 200,000 head of (牛牛) are raised in this area，which are likely to lead to the damage of the environment.11Another flash should be (插入插入) on the web.12Many (轮渡轮渡) have gone out of use with more and more bridges built.reaction cattle inserted ferries .短语填空短语填空 1A good idea Jane while she was talking to Mary. 2They the tennis court with white paint. 3People gain valuable work experience and， ， employers can afford to employ them. 4Do you going for a swim after we have finished the work? 5The mountain is a good many wild animals and rare plants. 6The woman was by the businessmans offers of marriage and stupidly gave him most of her money. 7You can one other class member if you want. 8Most immigrants are able to when they settle in this country. 9They eventually succeeded perseverance. 10I hope the fine weather will .The crops need much sunshine.occurred to marked out in addition feel like home to taken in team up with make a life by means of keep up .完成句子完成句子1In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own， . (它今天仍保持着丹麦的文化它今天仍保持着丹麦的文化)(keep)2 (人们相信人们相信) before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no major racial or cultural groups.(believe)3From the top of the hill I (看到壮观看到壮观 的景色的景色) San Francisco Bay and the city.(get)which today still keeps up their Danish culture It is believed that got a spectacular view of核心词汇梳理核心词汇梳理1means n. 手段，方法，工具手段，方法，工具 Television is an effective means of communication. 电视是一种有效的通讯手段。电视是一种有效的通讯手段。 We had no means of transport except for two bicycles. 除了两辆自行车以外，我们没有其他交通工具了。除了两辆自行车以外，我们没有其他交通工具了。 搭配搭配 by means of用，依靠用，依靠by all means一定，务必；好的，当然可以一定，务必；好的，当然可以by no means决不，并没有决不，并没有提示提示 by no means放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序。放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序。完成句子完成句子(1)他绝不会放弃。他绝不会放弃。By no means _.(2)她不会说话，但她用手势表达了她的愿望。她不会说话，但她用手势表达了她的愿望。She could not speak，but made her wishes known _ signs.(3)我一定得去探望那生病的朋友。我一定得去探望那生病的朋友。_ I must visit my sick friend.(4)“我看一眼行吗？我看一眼行吗？”“”“当然可以。当然可以。”“Do you mind if I have a look？”“”“_.”(5)我决不能假装对这种行为表示满意。我决不能假装对这种行为表示满意。I can _ pretend to be pleased with this behaviour.will he give up by means of By all means By all means by no means2majority n. 大部分大部分 The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful. 大多数医生认为吸烟有害健康。大多数医生认为吸烟有害健康。搭配搭配 the majority大多数大多数(作主语表整体时，谓语用单数，作主语表整体时，谓语用单数，若表成员情况时，谓语用复数。若表成员情况时，谓语用复数。)the majority ofn.U单数谓语单数谓语the majority ofn.pl.复数谓语复数谓语be in the majority占大多数占大多数a majority (of)大多数大多数完成句子完成句子(1)The majority of the boys _(反对反对) the idea.(2)Of the moviegoers，the young _(占大多占大多数数)(3)She barely won the election _(多出两多出两票票)(4)The majority of the food _(被冲走被冲走) by the flood.are against are in the majority by a majority of two was carried away3occur vi. 发生；出现；存在发生；出现；存在 Climatic changes have occurred at intervals throughout the millennium. 整个千年中，气候变化时有发生。整个千年中，气候变化时有发生。 搭配搭配 occur to sb.某人突然想到某人突然想到 it occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人突然想起要去做某事某人突然想起要去做某事 it occurs to sb.that.某人突然想起某人突然想起完成句子完成句子(1)我想你压根儿就没想到给警方打电话吧。我想你压根儿就没想到给警方打电话吧。I suppose it never _ to phone the police.(2)她没想到请别人帮忙。她没想到请别人帮忙。_ to ask for help.(3)今早起床时，我突然想到一个很棒的点子。今早起床时，我突然想到一个很棒的点子。An excellent idea _ when I woke up this morning.occurred to you It didnt occur to her occurred to me 4.slip vi.&vt. 滑落，滑倒；悄悄或匆忙地走；失误滑落，滑倒；悄悄或匆忙地走；失误 The book slipped out of/from the little childs hand. 书从小男孩的手中掉了下来。书从小男孩的手中掉了下来。 He slipped on a banana peel and fell down. 他踩在香蕉皮上滑倒了。他踩在香蕉皮上滑倒了。 搭配搭配(1)slip in (out of) the room溜进溜进( (出出) )房间房间 slip from sb.s hand从某人手里滑落从某人手里滑落 (2)slide多指多指“下滑，滑动下滑，滑动”，“悄悄移动悄悄移动” slide into (out of) the room溜进房间溜进房间 slide on the ice滑冰滑冰完成句子完成句子(1)The years _(逝去逝去) before we realized it.(2)The little child _(在冰上滑倒在冰上滑倒)(3)The fish _(从我手中滑落从我手中滑落)(4)He _(匆忙地穿上匆忙地穿上) his coat and left home quickly.slipped by slipped on the ice slipped out of my hand slipped on5react vt.&vi. 作出反应，回应作出反应，回应 Notice how the audience react.注意观众的反应。注意观众的反应。 搭配搭配 react to sb./sth.对对作出反应；回应作出反应；回应 react against sb./sth.反对反对；反抗；反抗 react with sth.(.(指物质指物质) )起化学反应起化学反应 react on sth.起作用起作用( (起反应起反应) )；产生影响运用用适当的；产生影响运用用适当的 介词填空介词填空 (1)Plants react _ light. (2)They reacted strongly _the unreasonable rule. (3)Iron reacts _ water and air to produce rust. (4)Certain acids(酸酸) react _ metals to lead to chemical changes toagainstwithon(with)单句改错单句改错(5)She reacted on his words by turning her back on him. _(6)How do you think the book will react to children？ _第一个第一个on改为改为totoon6indicate vt. 指出；标出；表明；明示指出；标出；表明；明示 Please indicate where the pain is.请指出痛的地方。请指出痛的地方。 His hesitation indicates unwillingness.他的犹豫表明不愿意。他的犹豫表明不愿意。 辨析辨析 indicate & showshow 在口语和书面语中都比在口语和书面语中都比indicate常用得多。因为常用得多。因为show的语义的语义 比较广泛。在非正式场合比比较广泛。在非正式场合比 indicate更常用。更常用。联想联想 indication n迹象迹象indicative adj.表明的，象征的表明的，象征的7.hire n&v. 租用，雇用租用，雇用 Ill hire a suit for the wedding.我得为婚礼租一套礼服。我得为婚礼租一套礼服。 识记识记 hire a manager(secretary)聘请经理聘请经理( (秘书秘书) ) hire a car(horse，hall)租车租车( (马，大厅马，大厅) ) 辨析辨析 hire多指短期租用多指短期租用rent多指长期租用多指长期租用 (a villa，a house)for rent供出租供出租 be employed in受雇于受雇于；忙于；忙于 用用hire 等词填空等词填空 (1)Shall we _ a car for holiday? (2)There was a sign on the house，saying “For _” (3)She is _ in writing a story. hire rent employed8.reform vt.&vi. 改革；革新改革；革新n改革；改造；悔改改革；改造；悔改 搭配搭配 reform oneself 改过自新，自我改造改过自新，自我改造 指出下列各个词组的汉语意思指出下列各个词组的汉语意思 (1)agrarian (land) reform _ (2)democratic reforms _ (3)opeing and reform _土地改革土地改革 民主改革民主改革 改革开放改革开放 用用reform将下列句子翻译成英语将下列句子翻译成英语(4)解放后，我们国家进行了土地改革。解放后，我们国家进行了土地改革。_(5)我们应该怎样对现在的教育制度进行改革？我们应该怎样对现在的教育制度进行改革？_After liberation land reform was made in our country.How should we reform the present educational system? 重点短语例释重点短语例释1team up with 与与合作或一起工作合作或一起工作 运用完成句子运用完成句子 (1)我和简合作做这项工作。我和简合作做这项工作。 I _ to do the job. (2)他情愿独自经商，而不愿与任何人合伙。他情愿独自经商，而不愿与任何人合伙。 He preferred to go into business alone rather than _.2mark out 划线标出划线标出界线界线 (1)排球场已经在草坪上画了出来。排球场已经在草坪上画了出来。 A volleyball court had _ on the grass. (2)这些日子我们必须把网球场地划好以备使用。这些日子我们必须把网球场地划好以备使用。 We must _ the tennis court _ ready for playing these days.teamed up with Janeteam up with anyone elsebeen marked outmarkout3live on 继续存在；以继续存在；以为主食，靠为主食，靠生活生活 Let him live on.让他生活下去。让他生活下去。 I live on my salary.我靠我的薪水生活。我靠我的薪水生活。 The Chinese live on rice.中国人以米为主食。中国人以米为主食。4keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等风俗、传统等) I cant keep up with all the changes. 我并非所有的变化都能跟得上。我并非所有的变化都能跟得上。 拓展拓展 与与keep相关的常用搭配相关的常用搭配 (1)keep _躲开；避开；远离躲开；避开；远离 (2)keep _保留；阻止；留下保留；阻止；留下 (3)keep _继续继续/反复做某事反复做某事 (4)keep _与与保持联系保持联系 away from back on doing sth. in touch with (5)keep _勿踏；勿踩；远离勿踏；勿踩；远离(6)keep _守信守信(7)keep _使使不进去不进去/不入内；留在外面不入内；留在外面(8)keep _赶上；跟上赶上；跟上off ones word/promise out up with5take in 把把拿进来或带进来拿进来或带进来收容；留宿收容；留宿理解；理解； 体会；了解体会；了解包含；包括包含；包括欺骗；蒙骗欺骗；蒙骗 观察下列句子，说出观察下列句子，说出take in的意义的意义 (1)Please take the washing in，if it rains. (2)Japan refused to take in the refugees. (3)Give me time to take in the whole situation. (4)The tour takes in some famous old castles. (5)Hes a clever talker and good at taking people in.答案：答案：(1)把把拿进来拿进来(2)收容收容(3)了解了解(4)包括包括(5)欺骗欺骗6in addition (to)除了除了之外，加之之外，加之 In addition to the names on the list，there are six other applicants. 除了名单上的人之外，还有六个申请人。除了名单上的人之外，还有六个申请人。 拓展拓展 表示表示“除了除了”这一意义的词汇还有这一意义的词汇还有： except后跟名词或代词，先肯定一方面，后指出其不足后跟名词或代词，先肯定一方面，后指出其不足。 except that/when后跟从句，排除在外。后跟从句，排除在外。 besides“除了除了(还有还有)”)”，可与可与in addition to，apart from， as well as通用通用。 apart from既表示既表示except，或或except for的意义，也表示的意义，也表示 in addition to的用法的用法 用用in addition to等相关短语填空等相关短语填空 (1)It was getting dark；_ it began to rain. (2)_ the damage of the car，we were badly injured. (3)She is expert at physics _mathematics.in addition (besides)In addition to (Besides，Apart from)as well as7make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 联想联想 make a living谋生谋生 In education we are striving not to teach youth to make a living，but to make a life.(W.A. White) 教育不是为了教会青年人谋生，而是教会他们创造生活。教育不是为了教会青年人谋生，而是教会他们创造生活。(怀特怀特)疑难语句细解疑难语句细解1No one is known to have escaped.据说没有人逃脱得了。据说没有人逃脱得了。 句型句型is/are known to have done sth.或或have/has been known to do sth.意为意为“据人们所知做过某事；据说做过某事据人们所知做过某事；据说做过某事”。 仿写仿写(1)据说没人能独自乘独木舟横渡大洋。据说没人能独自乘独木舟横渡大洋。 No one _ by canoe on their own. (2)据人们所知这位科学家研究这一问题已达十年之久。据人们所知这位科学家研究这一问题已达十年之久。 This scientist _ working on this problem for about ten years. (3)据说她有时也喝点酒。据说她有时也喝点酒。 She _ take a small drink on occasion.is known to have sailed across the ocean is known to have been has been known to2However，it is likelythat Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.(PP.27) 然而，可能至少在然而，可能至少在15,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚 了。了。 句型句型It is likely/unlikely that.很很/ /不可能不可能 说明说明likely前可用前可用very，more than来加强语气仿写来加强语气仿写 根据汉语意思完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)巴西很有可能赢得世界杯。巴西很有可能赢得世界杯。 It is _ Brazil will win the World Cup. (2)她病得很厉害，看来不大可能康复了。她病得很厉害，看来不大可能康复了。 She is so ill that it seems _ she will pull through. (3)非常可能，金星上没有生命。非常可能，金星上没有生命。 It is _ there were no life on Mars.more than likely that unlikely that very likely that3By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850，it was already a multicultural society.(PP.237) 到到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个州的时候，它已经是一 个有着多种文化的社会了。个有着多种文化的社会了。 句型句型by the time.到到时候为止时候为止/ /之前之前 说明说明表示表示“到到时时/ /前，已经前，已经”时，主句谓语用完成时。时，主句谓语用完成时。 根据汉语意思完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子 (1)我们到达时，会议已结束了。我们到达时，会议已结束了。 _we arrived，the meeting had been over. (2)当我们到那儿的时候，电影已经开始了。当我们到那儿的时候，电影已经开始了。 The movie _ by the time we got there. (3)在他到达之前，我们将会把工作全部完成。在他到达之前，我们将会把工作全部完成。 By the time he arrives，we _ the work.By the time had begun will have finished 读写任务题的第一步是用约读写任务题的第一步是用约30个词概括所给材料的要点，要个词概括所给材料的要点，要求概括准确，既要简洁又要主题突出。不能抄袭原文中的句子，求概括准确，既要简洁又要主题突出。不能抄袭原文中的句子，而要用自己的话转述。那么，如何准确概括原材料的内容要点呢？而要用自己的话转述。那么，如何准确概括原材料的内容要点呢？我们可以从以下几个方面着手：我们可以从以下几个方面着手： 一、明确步骤，巧妙概括一、明确步骤，巧妙概括 1寻找关键词。文章的关键词可结合寻找关键词。文章的关键词可结合“写写”的任务中的的任务中的 “就就”主题发表自己的看法的要求来确定。如要求主题发表自己的看法的要求来确定。如要求 你你“以约以约120词谈谈你理想中的大学生活词谈谈你理想中的大学生活”，那么阅读材料中的关键词就应，那么阅读材料中的关键词就应是是“college/university life”。 2确定主题句。文章的主题句可通过所给阅读材料的标题确定主题句。文章的主题句可通过所给阅读材料的标题来确定，阅读材料的标题即是文章的论点和主题句。没有标题的来确定，阅读材料的标题即是文章的论点和主题句。没有标题的文章，若是议论文、夹叙夹议文或说明文，就应注意第一段文章，若是议论文、夹叙夹议文或说明文，就应注意第一段(总起总起段段)和最后一段和最后一段(总结段总结段)，或每一段的第一句，或每一段的第一句(总起句总起句)和最后一句和最后一句(总结句总结句)。没有主题句的要自己归纳。没有主题句的要自己归纳。 3重构主题句。概括的主题句要能涵盖后面支撑句的内容。重构主题句。概括的主题句要能涵盖后面支撑句的内容。 4重组支撑句。支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句，可以重组支撑句。支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句，可以对主题句进行补充或者提供论据。对主题句进行补充或者提供论据。二、巧用体裁特点，捕捉文章主旨二、巧用体裁特点，捕捉文章主旨 读写任务中的阅读材料，从体裁上看，有记叙文、议论文和读写任务中的阅读材料，从体裁上看，有记叙文、议论文和说明文。它们的文章结构有各自的特征。说明文。它们的文章结构有各自的特征。 1如果所给的阅读材料是一则故事，应该用最简练的语言来如果所给的阅读材料是一则故事，应该用最简练的语言来 说明故事讲了什么，不能拖泥带水，而且最好写出该故事给你的说明故事讲了什么，不能拖泥带水，而且最好写出该故事给你的启示或蕴含的道理。可以采用启示或蕴含的道理。可以采用“主题故事简述主题故事简述”的形式，其主的形式，其主要句型为：要句型为： The passage/story is about. The author tells us a story about. The story tells/emphasizes/focuses on the importance/necessities/advantages/disadvantages. 单纯叙事记叙文的概要主要包括以下内容：谁？做了什么事？单纯叙事记叙文的概要主要包括以下内容：谁？做了什么事？结果如何？结果如何？ 【实例分析】【实例分析】 阅读下列短文，然后以约阅读下列短文，然后以约30个词概括其内容要点。个词概括其内容要点。 Today I was having a PE lesson when I fell down and hurt my foot. I was in great pain at that moment，but I tried to act as if nothing had happened until the class was over. Though I had difficulty walking back to my classroom，I still didnt tell anyone and refused the offer of help of my classmates. As a result，the hurt in my foot became worse. Now I know Im wrong. We can tell others our need for help and accept their help. Some day we can help others in return. In this way，we can get along with each other happily and peacefully. 【解题思路解题思路】 这是一篇记叙文，概括时只需包含谁这是一篇记叙文，概括时只需包含谁(the author)？干了什么事？干了什么事(hurt his foot seriously，but refused help from others)？结果如？结果如(His condition became worse)？作者最后还从这件事得出一个经？作者最后还从这件事得出一个经验教训：我们应该接受他人的帮助验教训：我们应该接受他人的帮助(we should accept others help when in trouble/when in need/when necessary.)。因此这篇记叙文可以概括如下：因此这篇记叙文可以概括如下： The writer hurt his foot seriously but refused other classmates help，which made the pain even worse，from which he realized that it is important to help each other when in trouble. 【即时练习】【即时练习】 阅读下列短文，然后用约阅读下列短文，然后用约30词概括其内容要点：词概括其内容要点： One day，a farmers donkey fell down into a well. The farmer thought that it wasnt worth saving the donkey because he was too old，so he decided to bury him. He invited his neighbors to help him. They began to shovel dirt into the well. At first，the donkey realized what was happening and cried horribly. Then，to everyones surprise，he calmed down. A few shovel loads later，the farmer finally looked down the well and was astonished at what he saw. With every shovel of dirt that hit his back，the donkey would shake it off and take a step up. As the farmers neighbors continued to shovel dirt on top of the animal，he would shake it off and take a step up. Soon，everyone was amazed as the donkey stepped up over the edge of the well and happily trotted off! 【参考范文】【参考范文】 One day a donkey fell into a deep well and then his master decided to bury it rather than save it. However，the donkey shook every shovel of dirt off，stepped up and eventually saved itself.单击此处进入单击此处进入 课后能力训练课后能力训练