Oscar-Wilde-the-happy-prince.ppt

Oscar Wilde is an Irish-born playwright, novelist, essayist and poet of the Victorian Era. In 1878 Wilde received his B.A. in Oxford University and in the same year he moved to London. His lifestyle and humorous wit soon made him the spokesman for Aestheticism, the late 19th century movement in England that advocated “Art for Arts sake”.Unique aesthetical taste Oscar Wilde was the second son born into an Anglo-Irish family. Wildes father was a doctor and his mother was a poet, both high quality arts and culture, to exert an imperceptible influence on his inspiration in literature and arts. He studied classics at Trinity College, and then go to Oxford University, where he distinguished himself as a classical scholar and poet. He won the Newdigate Prize(纽吉迪特奖) for poetry in 1878 .His life experience J.P. Mahaffy who inspired his interest in Greek literature. As a student Wilde worked with Mahaffy on the latters book Social Life in Greece. Wilde called Mahaffy my first and best teacher and the scholar who showed me how to love Greek things. For his part, Mahaffy boasted of having created Wilde; later, he would name him the only blot on my tutorship.Alfred Douglas His tragedy opened by his involvement with Alfred Douglas. In 1895, the father of Alfred accused Wilde of sodomy（好男色者). While in prison he wrote The Ballad of Reading Gaol, 瑞丁监狱之歌and De profundis 深渊书简 which recorded his humiliation and despair. Released from prison in 1897 and penniless, he went to France and die within three years; he was forty-six.The tomb & Statue of Oscar Wilde, Dublin.“我们都在阴沟里，但仍有人仰望星空。”(We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars.) Aestheticism is a cultural phenomenon prevailed in Europe in the middle of the 19th century. Its basic theory is art for arts sake. Aestheticism placed art above life and held that life should imitate art, not art imitate life. It believes that art should sever no religious, moral or social end, nor any end except itself . Wilde is generally regarded as the representative writer of the Aesthetic Movement. In Victorian England, popular belief held that art could be used as a tool for social education and moral enlightenment (Charles Dickenss works).The Aestheticism Movement sought to free art from this social purpose and find the meaning of art in itself.Oscar Wilde believes that art possesses an intrinsic value that it is beautiful and therefore valuable, and thus needs serve no other purpose. His attitude was revolutionary at his time.“my life is like a work of art”.The artist = the creator of beautiful things. Art used only to celebrate beauty and the sensorial pleasures.Virtue and vice employed by the artist as raw material in his art: “No artist has ethical sympathies. An ethical sympathy in an artist is an unpardonable mannerism of style”. (“The Preface” to The Picture of Dorian Gray). 艺术家没有伦理上的好恶。艺术家如在伦理上有所臧否，那就是不可原谅艺术家没有伦理上的好恶。艺术家如在伦理上有所臧否，那就是不可原谅的矫揉造作。的矫揉造作。作品作品worksworksgenregenretimetime道林道林格雷的画像格雷的画像 The Picture of Dorian GrayThe Picture of Dorian Grayfictionfiction18911891诗集诗集PoemsPoemspoempoem18811881斯芬克斯斯芬克斯SphinxSphinx18941894瑞丁监狱之歌瑞丁监狱之歌The Ballad of Reading GaolThe Ballad of Reading Gaol18981898薇拉薇拉VeraVeraplayplay18801880温德密尔夫人的扇子温德密尔夫人的扇子 Lady Windermeres FanLady Windermeres Fan18921892帕都瓦公爵夫人帕都瓦公爵夫人The Duchess of PaduaThe Duchess of Padua18931893莎乐美莎乐美SalomSalom18931893快乐王子和其他故事快乐王子和其他故事 收录童话：收录童话： 快乐王子（快乐王子（The happy princeThe happy prince） 夜莺与蔷薇（夜莺与蔷薇（The nightingale and the roseThe nightingale and the rose 自私的巨人（自私的巨人（The selfish GiantThe selfish Giant） 忠实的朋友（忠实的朋友（The devoted friendThe devoted friend） 了不起的火箭（了不起的火箭（The remarkable rocketThe remarkable rocket）The Happy The Happy Prince and Prince and Other TalesOther TalesFairy Fairy talestales18881888石榴屋石榴屋 收录童话：收录童话： 少年国王（少年国王（The young kingThe young king） 西班牙公主的生日（西班牙公主的生日（The birthday of the The birthday of the infantainfanta） 渔人和他的灵魂（渔人和他的灵魂（The fisherman and his soulThe fisherman and his soul） 星孩（星孩（The star-childThe star-child）A House of A House of PomegranatesPomegranates18911891深渊书简深渊书简又译又译自深深处自深深处、王尔德狱中记王尔德狱中记原本是作者写给道格原本是作者写给道格拉斯的书信集，拉斯的书信集，19051905年作者死后出版年作者死后出版 De ProfundisDe Profundisletters letters 18971897年年笔秆子、画笔和毒药笔秆子、画笔和毒药Pen Pen 、Pencil And Pencil And PoisonPoison意图集意图集intentiointention n身为艺术家的评论者身为艺术家的评论者The Critic As The Critic As ArtistArtist谎言的衰落谎言的衰落The Decay Of LyingThe Decay Of Lying面具下的真实面具下的真实The Truth Of MasksThe Truth Of Masks坎特维尔之鬼坎特维尔之鬼The Canterville The Canterville GhostGhostShort Short storystory模范百万富翁模范百万富翁The Model The Model MillionaireMillionaire没有秘密的斯芬克斯没有秘密的斯芬克斯The Sphinx Without The Sphinx Without A SecretA Secret亚瑟亚瑟萨维尔勋爵的罪行萨维尔勋爵的罪行The Arthur The Arthur Saviles CrimeSaviles CrimeAlthough the story is unreal, yet the situations given in it apply perfectly to the conditions prevailing in that society. So, it has been rightly commented that these stories were written to mirror modern life in a form remote from reality. However, the story teaches a good moral lesson to the readers. Discuss the questions:Who are the characters?What is the theme of the story?What are the symbols?How many images are there? What are them?How did the swallow and the Prince destroy themselves in the service of others? What is the function of God in this fairy tale? What if God did not show up?PlotCharactersSettingpoint of viewThemesymbol “The Happy Prince” is the story of a typical ruler who lived a life of luxury and happiness. He was completely detached from common people and knew nothing about their sorrows and misfortunes. After his death his statue was fixed high on a tower. He was decorated with gold and jewels and looked very beautiful. Looking at the city he could see the poor, the needy and the handicapped suffering from disease and poverty. When he saw their miserable plight, his heart was moved and he decided to help them. So, he requested the little swallow to take his gold and jewels to them.Plot the happy prince the little swallow the reed town mayor town councilor the seamstress the playwright the match girl CharactersSettingHigh above the city, on a tall column.point of view the third person point of view as the author is narrating the story as a viewer of all incidents.love and sacrificeHelping others brings happiness and peace of mindthemethe happy prince: love, beauty and virtuesthe swallow: the deliverer of love, the helpertown mayor, councilors: greed and jealous, pursuit the fame in the 19th century SymbolImages The image of broken heart The image of the lips The image of the religion/ God The image of the foreign land The image of deathWhat do we learn from The Happy Prince 1. the divine love 2. A pure heart endures forever 3. Sacrifice and redemptionIt is full of sadness and end up with dead. The happy prince is not really happy. Form the story children will develops the sense of childrens compassion and sympathy for the poor and makes adults look back on their attitude toward the unfortunate people around them. Oscar Wildes fairy tale is not only for children but for adult.“Keep love in your heart. A life without it is like a sunless garden when the flowers are dead. The consciousness of loving and being loved brings a warmth and richness to life that nothing else can bring.” -Oscar Wilde He is such a person who is a combination of several features of angel and demon, worldliness and purity, hypocrisy and sincerity. He ever said “I dont want to earn my living, I want to live.”He is brave in struggling for his happiness, just like the happy prince who left happiness for people.The end