TheInfinitive(定案）.ppt
-By Li Li XuelianXuelianThe Infinitive眼见为实眼见为实.To see is to believe.主语主语表语表语to + 动词原形动词原形Content: The InfinitiveAims : To master the forms and functions of the InfinitiveThe difficult point : the Object Complement Practice : the InfinitiveSummarize :the functions of the InfinitiveThe important point: the Object 不定式由“to+to+动词原形动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/never to not/never to + +动动词原形词原形”。不定式在句中可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语、定语和宾语补足语，但不能单独作谓语。一、不定式的构成及作用：一、不定式的构成及作用：1. The Subject（作主语）作主语）3. The Object( (作宾语作宾语) )4. The Object Complement( (作宾语补足语作宾语补足语）2. The Predicative（作表语作表语）二、二、The key points：三、三、 The key points ：To see is to believe.To learn English well is important. 1. 作主语作主语:单个不定式作主语时单个不定式作主语时, ,谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。It is + adj./n.（for/of sb）+to do sth. （当（当adj.表示人的性格特征时用表示人的性格特征时用of sb.）is若不定式太长若不定式太长, ,往往用往往用it it作形式主语作形式主语, ,不定式置后不定式置后. .isIt is important to learn English wellEg. It is hard to please all. 众口难调。众口难调。It is not an easy thing for us to learn English well.学好英语对于我们不是一件简单的事情。学好英语对于我们不是一件简单的事情。帮助我你真是太好了。帮助我你真是太好了。Its very kind of you to help me.2. 作表语：作表语：Your task is to clean the classroom.E.g.：To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people. My wish is to go to college.我的工作是帮助病人。我的工作是帮助病人。你的任务是打扫教室。你的任务是打扫教室。My job is to help the patient.Translation：放在系动词后面放在系动词后面I want to go home.The workers demanded to get better pay.The important point: 3.作宾语：作宾语：常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有: ask,want,hope, refuse, learn, wish, choose(选定、决定选定、决定), decide, agree, manage（设法）（设法）,pretend （假装（假装 ）, plan,hesitate（犹豫）等（犹豫）等.他们设法及时到达了那儿。他们设法及时到达了那儿。They managed to get there in time.他们决定去钓鱼。他们决定去钓鱼。They decided to go fishing.Dont hesitate to answer my question.不要犹豫回答我的问题。不要犹豫回答我的问题。我希望参观长城。我希望参观长城。I wish/hope to visit the Great Wall.主语主语+think/ consider/ find/ feel/make/ believe+ it + adj./n.+(for sb.)+ to doI think it necessary for us to have a good rest after the long work.Please pay attention to :it 作形式宾语：作形式宾语：(it 做形式宾语，不定式做真正的宾语做形式宾语，不定式做真正的宾语The internet makes it easier for us to keep in touch with each other.我们认为努力学习是我们的职责。我们认为努力学习是我们的职责。We felt it our duty to study hard.我们认为保持生态平衡是有必要的。我们认为保持生态平衡是有必要的。 We think it important to keep the balance of nature.网络使得我们互相联系容易一些。网络使得我们互相联系容易一些。4. 作宾语补足语：作宾语补足语：常见的用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：常见的用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有： ask,tell,want,force,get,allow,wish, prefer(宁愿宁愿),expect,encourage（鼓励）（鼓励）, advise（建议）（建议）,persuade（说服）（说服）,order, permit（允许）（允许）,request（要求）（要求）etc.The difficult point: I expect you to give me some help.I prefer to go out for a walk.The teacher told me to read the text.老师叫我读课文。老师叫我读课文。我希望你能给我一些帮助。我希望你能给我一些帮助。我宁愿出去散步。我宁愿出去散步。他说服我参加这个团体。他说服我参加这个团体。He persuaded me to join this society.五看五看 watch see look at observe notice三三使使 let make have 二听二听 listen to hear一感觉一感觉: feelHis father doesnt let him smoke.His neighbour observed a stranger go into his house.Please pay attention to :e.g. I made him do his work.He was made to do his work (by me).2 help 后面的后面的“to”可省去可省去e.g. They often help the grandma (to) carry water.1 在在see, watch , look at , notice , observe, hear, listen to, feel等表示感觉和等表示感觉和let, make, have等表等表示使役的动词后面，不定式作宾语时要省略示使役的动词后面，不定式作宾语时要省略“to” （注：但在被动语态中（注：但在被动语态中to一定要带上。）一定要带上。）Please pay attention to :1. Father will not allow us _ (play )on the street2. I saw him _(break) the window.3. He was seen _ (break) the window4.The students listen to me _(read) the text. 5. She was heard _(speak) in the next room.to playbreakto breakreadto speakExercises：Sum up：动词不定式动词不定式主语主语：表语表语：放在系动词后。放在系动词后。宾语宾语2.主语主语+think/consider/find/feel/make/believe+it+adj.+(for sb.)+to do 宾补宾补：1.ask/tell/want/force/get/allow/wish/prefer/expect/encourage/advise/persuade/order/request/permit+宾语宾语to do2.see/watch/look at/observe/notice/ let/have/make/listen to/hear/feel+宾语宾语+doIt is+adj./n.+(for sb.)+to do sth.help1.ask/want/hope/refuse/learn/wish/choose/ decide/agree/manage/pretend/plan+ to do 1. My teacher was made _ his teaching because of poor health. A.giving up B. give up C. to give up D. given up2. It was foolish _ you to make such a mistake. A.for B.of C.to D.at3. The most urgent thing is _ the boy immediately. A. find B. to find C. to be found D. to finding4. I think it possible _ to the moon in a spaceship. A.to fly B.to flying C.flied D. flying 5. The soldier told Dr. Smith _on operation any more. A. dont go B. didnt go C. not go D. not to go 6. Its our duty _ the old . A. to take good care of B. take good care of C. taking good care of D. to taking good care of7. The patient was warned _ oily（油（油 腻的）腻的） food after the operation. A. to eat not B.eating not C. not to eat D.not eating8. The boy pretended _ when his mother entered. A. sleeping B. to sleep C. to sleeping D. being sleep9. She felt _ her duty to help the old woman. A. it B. that C. this D. them10. I help him _ the heavy box. A. carrying B. to carrying C. carry D. to carried
