初三复习《现在完成时》.ppt
The Revision of The Present Perfect Tense 思礼一中 刘菊花1. 肯定句肯定句“主语主语 + have（has）过去分词）过去分词”。 注意：该句式中的注意：该句式中的have或或has是助动词，是助动词，has用于第三用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用人称单数，其它人称一律用have。 2. 疑问句疑问句have（has) + 主语主语 + 过去分词过去分词 （ 回答用回答用“Yes，have（has） “ No，havent（hasnt）” ） 3. 否定句否定句：主语：主语+ “havent（hasnt）过去分词）过去分词”。 1. 1.直接加直接加-ed-ed。如：。如：play-playedplay-played 2. 2.以字母以字母e e结尾的直接加结尾的直接加d d 。如：。如：name-name-namednamed 3. 3.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加y y结尾的，变结尾的，变y y为为i i加加eded。如：。如：carry-carriedcarry-carried 4. 4.重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母再加双写这个辅音字母再加-ed-ed。如：。如：stop-stop-stoppedstopped1) 表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。Now we have planted all the trees.He has just come back. They have built many buildings in this city. 现在完成时的现在完成时的用法用法2) 表示过去发生的动作表示过去发生的动作,对现在造成的影响或结果。对现在造成的影响或结果。Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏窗户现在是坏的的)I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙我现在没有钥匙)I havent read that book yet . (不了解书的内容不了解书的内容)I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的手是干净的)常与常与already(已经已经), yet(已经已经), just(刚刚刚刚),ever(曾经曾经), never(从来没有）从来没有）before, once, twice等词连用等词连用. already: 常用于肯定句中常用于肯定句中. yet: 常用于否定句常用于否定句,疑问句尾疑问句尾. 3) 表示过去已经开始表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在持续到现在, 也许还会继续下也许还会继续下去的动作或状态，去的动作或状态，常与for, since引导的时间短语 或从句连用. for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 一般过去时句子Eg: She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since he was born . Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years? （for+for+表示一段时间的词组，表示一段时间的词组，since+since+表示过去某一时表示过去某一时刻的词或词组刻的词或词组）谓语只可用谓语只可用延续性延续性动词动词. .选用选用forfor和和sincesince填空填空: :1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the factory _ 10 years ago.2.His father has been in the factory _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6. Its five years _ we met last time6. Its five years _ we met last timeforforsincesinceforforsincesinceforforsincesince注意注意: 瞬间动词瞬间动词不能不能和和时间段时间段连用连用. 瞬间动词瞬间动词joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy一般过去时、现在完成时、短暂性动词、延续性动词的具体运用 你买了这本书了吗？ Have you bought this book ? 是的，我买了。Yes, I have. 你什么时候买的？上周买的。 When did you buy it ? I bought it last week. 你买了多久了？一周了。 How long have you _ it ? For a week.had如何表达含有如何表达含有时间段时间段的句子呢？的句子呢？method 1: 动作动作 状态状态die be over leaveborrow/buy arrive begin end/finish join marrykeep/had be away be here be on(上演） be married be in be dead1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 2. Nick 参军3年了.3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。4. 这本书我已借了4个月了. His grandpa has been dead for 2 years. Nick has been in the army for 3 years. He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time. I have kept the book for 4 months. method 2: It is + 时间段时间段 since + 一般过去时的句子一般过去时的句子.1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。 2. Nick 参军3年了.3. 他离开深圳好长时间了。4. 这本书我已借了4个月了. It is 2 years since his grandpa died. It is 3 years since Nick joined the army. It is a long time since he left Shenzhen. It is 4 months since I borrowed the book . 1. He died 10 years ago. - He has been dead for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He has kept the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He has had the motorbike for a month.4. He arrived here three days ago. - He has been here since three days ago.5. They turned on the light 2 hours ago. - The light has been on for 2 hours.延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化 (keys) 6. He left here 2 years ago. - He _ _ _ from here for 2 years. 7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes. 8. They opened the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour. 9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour. 10. He joined the army last year. - He _ _ a soldier for a year. - He _ _ _ the army for a year. - It _ a year _ he joined the army.has been awayhas been onhas been openhas been closedhas beenhas been inissinceHe has gone to Shanghai.他(已经)去上海了。He has been to Shanghai.他(曾经) 去过上海。现在完成时的特殊句型：比较 have/has been to have/has gone toHe went to Shanghai last week. 他(曾经)到/去过上海 在他人生中曾经有过这样的经历,但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了他已经去上海了 也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里上周他做了一件事:那就是去了上海He has been to Shanghai.He has gone to Shanghai.He has been in Shanghai for 10 years.他呆在上海迄今为止已经10年了 现在还在上海没有离开呢辨析这些句子由时态导致的含义上的差别动词填空练习：动词填空练习：1._ you _(clean) the room?1._ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we_(do Yes, we_(do) that already.) that already. When _ you _(do) it? When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour ago. We _(do) it an hour ago.2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes.2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes. When _ he _(see) it? When _ he _(see) it? He _ it last week. He _ it last week. 3. How many times _you_(come3. How many times _you_(come) here? ) here? Once. Once.HaveHavecleanedcleanedhave donehave donediddiddododiddidHasHasseenseendiddidseeseesawsawhavehavecomecome4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there? How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by air. She _(go) there by air.6. So far, many countries _(develop) 6. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs. their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year. smoking last year.8._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never.8._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never.9.He _( keep) the book since two days ago.9.He _( keep) the book since two days ago.have readhave readhas gonehas gonediddidgogowentwenthave developedhave developedgavegaveHaveHaveriddenriddenhas kepthas kept试一试：试一试：1.Its a long time since we _ (meet) last, isnt it? 2.-I know you _ (choose) a picture book among these. -Yes,Have a look at it, please. 3.So far, spaceships without people _ (reach) the moon and some other parts of the universe. 4.My father_ home for nearly three weeks.A.has gone away from B.has leftC.has been away from D.went away 5.Mr. and Mrs. Green have_in China for a week. A.been B.got C.arrived D.reached methave chosenhave reachedCAHomework Have a test
