2022年高考英语真题及答案全国卷-有答案和解析 .pdf

绝密启用前2017 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英 语（考试时间：120 分钟试卷满分： 150 分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分7.5 分）听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例： How much is the shirt? A. 19. 15. B. 9. 18. C. 9. 15. 答案是C。1. What does the woman think of the movie? A. It s amusing. B. It s exciting. C. It s disappointing. 2. How will Susan spend most of her time in France? A. Traveling around. B. Studying at a school. C. Looking after her aunt. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Going out. B. Ordering drinks. C. Preparing for a party. 4. Where are the speakers? A. In a classroom. B. In a library. C. In a bookstore. 5. What is the man going to do ? A. Go on the Internet. B. Make a phone call. C. Take a train trip. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分22.5 分）听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第6、7 题。6. What is the woman looking for? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - A. An information office. B. A police station. C. A shoe repair shop. 7. What is the Town Guide according to the man? A. A brochure. B. A newspaper. C. A map. 听第 7 段材料，回答第8、9 题。8. What does the man say about the restaurant? A. It s the biggest one around.B. It offers many tasty dishes. C. It s famous for its seafood.9. What will the woman probably order? A. Fried fish. B. Roast chicken. C. Beef steak. 听第 8 段材料，回答第10 至 12 题。10. Where will Mr. White be at 11 o clock? A. At the office. B. At the airport. C. At the restaurant. 11. What will Mr. White probably do at one in the afternoon? A. Receive a guest. B. Have a meeting. C. Read a report. 12. When will Miss Wilson see Mr. White? A. At lunch time. B. Late in the afternoon. C. The next morning. 听第 9 段材料，回答第13 至 16 题。13. Why is Bill going to Germany? A. To work on a project. B. To study German. C. To start a new company. 14. What did the woman dislike about Germany? A. The weather. B. The food. C. The schools. 15. What does Bill hope to do about his family? A. Bring them to Germany. B. Leave them in England. C. Visit them in a few months. 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow-travelers. B. Colleagues. C. Classmates. 听第 10 段材料，回答第17 至 20 题。17. When did it rain last time in Ju rez? A. Three days ago. B. A month ago. C. A year ago. 18. What season is it in Ju rez? A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn. 19. What are the elderly advised to do? A. Take a walk in the afternoon. B. Keep their homes cool. C. Drink plenty of water. 20. What is the speaker doing? 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - A. Hosting a radio program. B. Conducting a seminar. C. Forecasting the weather. 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. B 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. A 19. C 20.A 第二部分阅读理解 (共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节(共 15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A Pacific Science Center Guide Visit Pacific Science Center s Store Don t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于 ) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome. Hungry? Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our caf offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The caf is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour Pacific Science Center closes. Rental InformationLockers are available to store any belongs during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required. Support Pacific Science CenterSince 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情 ) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today, Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and brings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Visit pacificsciencecenter.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center. 21. Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center? A. In Building 1. B. In Building 3. C. At the Laser Dome. D. At the Denny Way entrance. 22. What does Pacific Science Center do for schools? A. Train science teachers. B. Distribute science books. C. Inspire scientific research. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - D. Take science to the classroom. 23. What is the purpose of the last part of the text? A. To encourage donations. B. To advertise coming events. C. To introduce special exhibits. D. To tell about the Center s history. B I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful. I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰 ) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety. I examined the chick( 雏鸟 ) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree. The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down. Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring. A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so. 24. What is unavoidable in the author s rescue work according to paragraph 1?A. Efforts made in vain. B. Getting injured in his work. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - C. Feeling uncertain about his future. D. Creatures forced out of their homes. 25. Why was the author called to Muttontown? A. To rescue a woman. B. To take care of a woman. C. To look at a baby owl. D. To cure a young owl. 26.What made the chick calm down? A. A new nest. B. Some food. C. A recording. D. Its parents. 27.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event? A. Its unexpected. B. It s beautiful. C. It s humorous. D. It s discouraging. C Some of the world s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合 ) voice across cultures. Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations. It s Jason Moran s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture. “ Jazz seems like it s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radio s reporter Neal Conan. “ What I m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - that jazz is not black and write anymore. It s actually color, and it s actually digital. ”Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “ The music can t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same, ” says Moran. Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller s music for a dance party, “ just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,”says Moran. “ For me, it s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感 ) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟 ) on how talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context, ” says Moran, “ so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster. ”28. Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day? A. To remember the birth of jazz. B. To protect cultural diversity. C. To encourage people to study music. D. To recognize the value of jazz. 29. What does the underlined word “ that ” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Jazz becoming more accessible. B. The production of jazz growing faster. C. Jazz being less popular with the young. D. The jazz audience becoming larger. 30. What can we infer about Moran s opinion on jazz? A. It will disappear gradually. B. It remains black and white. C. It should keep up with the times. D. It changes every 50 years. 31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Exploring the Future of Jazz B. The Rise and Fall of Jazz C. The Story of a Jazz Musician D. Celebrating the Jazz Day 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - D A build-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器）is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 55 sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container perhaps just a drinking cup to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt. To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up and out the side of the hole. Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体 ) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup. The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发 ) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won t have to break down the still every time you need a drink. 32. What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph? A. It s delicate. B. It s expensive.C. It s complex. . D. It s portable. 33. What does the underlined phrase “ the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The tube. B. The still. C. The hole. D. The cup. 34. What s the last step of constructing a working solar still?A. Dig a hole of a certain size. B. Put the cup in place. C. Weight the sheet s center down. D. Cover the hole with the plastic sheet. 35. When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup from . A. the plastic tube B. outside the hole C. the open air D. beneath the sheet 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my son s food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. 39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. 40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style. A. This time there was no tent. B. Things are going to be improved. C. The trip they took me on was a rough one. D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however. E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping. G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 38.A 根据前文 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom 可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡、上厕所，条件很艰苦，而后文中Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. 说明作者第二次露营有床有空调。A 选项 This time there was no tent“这次没有帐篷了” 暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而且条件比较好，符合语境。故选A。39.F 根据后文we bought a twenty-eigh