2022年大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总 .pdf

_ 精品资料三级语法考点归纳一虚拟语气1. if 句中虚拟形式if 引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大）：条件从句主句与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do 与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do 与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done 例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time. If they hadn t gone on vacation, their house wouldn t have been broken (break) into. 2. 原形虚拟：a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire that (should) do 例如He suggested that we should leave early. My suggestion is that we should tell him. b. It is (was) 形容词 /名词 that (should) do/ 例如It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first. 3. 一些句型中的虚拟形式：1. It s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that) 动词过去时 例如It s time we left. 例如It is time we went to bed. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - _ 精品资料2 would rather/sooner 宁愿as if/ though 好像would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反as if/ though 谓语用过去完成时与过去相反4练习1. I _ try it again if I_you. A. will ； am B. should ； am C. would ； were D. would ； had been 2. If it _ not for the water， the plants _live. A. were ； would not B. is； could not C. were ； could D. did ； could not 3. If I _ that chance to show my ability, I _the president of this school. A. have not had； could not become B. had not had ； would not have become C. did not have； could not become D. doesn t have ； will not become 4. He _ by that burglar if you _ to save him. A. might have been killed； hadn t come B. will be killed ； didn t come C. may be killed； did t come D. could be killed； haven t come 5. If it _for your help， I _that hard time with so little money. A. were not ； would not spend B. is not ； can not spend C. had not been； would not have spent D. have not been； will not spend 6. Where _ you go if war _? A. will ； breaks out B. do ； will break out 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - _ 精品资料C. would ； were to break out D. will ； is to break out 7. She wishes she _ that humiliating thing. A. doesn t do B. didn t do C. haven t done D. hadn t done 8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _ put off. A. can be B. be C. is D. will be 9. It is vital that he _ immediately. A. should go B. must go C. goes D. went 10. It is time we _do our homework. A. begin to B. can begin to C. began to D. will begin to 答案：1.选 C。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设) (译文 ; 如果我是你，我会再试一次) 2 选 A。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设)。 (译文：要是没有水， 植物就不能存活。 ) 3. 选 B。表示与过去事实相反的假设。4 A。表示与过去事实相反的假设。(译文：要不是你来救他，他早就被那个窃贼杀了。) 5. C。与过去事实相反的假设。(译：要没有你帮忙，我那点儿钱是无法度过那段艰苦岁月的。 ) 6.选 C。表示与将来事实相反的假设。(译文：要是战争爆发了，你会上哪儿去？) 7.选 D。虚拟语气用于宾语从句。(译文：她真希望自己没有做过那件丢脸的事情。) 8. 选 B。虚拟语气用于表示“建议”等意义的动词后。(译文：主席建议会议延期举行。) 9. 选 A。虚拟语气用于主语从句(It is was + 形容词+ that 引导的分句 )。10. 选 C。虚拟语气用于定语从句It is time (that).句型。 (译文：我们该开始做作业了。) 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - _ 精品资料二动词的时态1. 各个时态动词基本变形一般现在时be(is,am,are) do/does 现在进行时be (is/am/are)+ doing 现在完成时have/has done 现在完成进行时have/has been doing 一般过去时was/were did 过去进行时was/were doing 过去完成时had done 过去完成进行时had been doing 一般将来时will do 将来进行时will do 将来完成will have done 将来完成进行时will have been doing 一般过去将来时would do 过去将来进行时would be doing 过去将来完成时would have done 过去将来完成进行时would have been doing 2. 时间状语与动词时态的搭配一定的时态往往和一定的时间状语连用。always ,usually, sometimes, 一般现在时do/does am is are last week, yesterday, a few days ago 一般过去时did was/ were next week, tomorrow, in a week, this year 一般将来时will do now, at present, at this moment 现在进行时be +doing so far, up to now, by the time, since的主句现在完成时has/have done 3. 练习，用动词的适当形式填空1. He _ (be) eighteen next year. 2. It _ (rain) every day so far this month. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - _ 精品资料3. Mozart _ (write) more than 600 pieces of music. 4. If it _ (rain) tomorrow，well have to stay at home. 5. How fast _ he _ (drive) when the accident happened? 6. By the time Mr. Smith left school，he _ (teach) that course for twenty-five years. 7. Perhaps he _ (finish) reading the book by this time tomorrow. 1. 填 will be 。 next year 为表示将来时态的时间状语2. 填 has rained 。so far 是“到目前为止”的意思，常和现在完成时搭配使用。3. 填 wrote 。Mozart ( 莫扎特 )是已去世的音乐家，故应使用过去时。4. 填 rains 。在条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来发生的事情。5. 填 was.driving 。 表示过去某一时刻发生的动作要用过去进行时。6. 填 had taught 。句中有 by the time Mr. Smith left school，主语的谓语应用过去完成时。7. 填 will have finished。 句中有 by this time tomorrow，主语的谓语应用将来完成时。三 动词的被动语态1. 各个时态的被动语态时态 一般现在时现在进行时一般过去时过 去 进行时一 般 将来时过 去 将来时现 在完成时过 去完成时现 在 完成 进 行时将来完成时主动do am/is/are doing did was/ were doing will do would do has/ have done had done has/ have been will have done 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - _ 精品资料doing 被动 am/is/are done am/is/are being done was/ were done was/ were being done will be done would be done has/ have been done had been done will have been done1. The construction of the library_ before the end of next month. A. must have completed B. must have been completed C. must be completed D. must complete 2. The subject of these lectures _ by the lecture committee. A. announces B. have been announced C. announced D. has been announced 3. My pictures _ until next week. A. won t develop B. aren t developing C. don t develop D. won t be developed 4. They _ so that we wouldn t recognize them. A. costumed B. disguised C. were disguising D.were disguised 5. All the apparatus (器械 ) _ before the experiment began. A. had been prepared B. were prepared C. had been prepared D. had prepared 6. The world s supplies of copper _ . 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 6 页 - - - - - - - - -