2022年UnitHelpthoseinneed语法教案 2.pdf

Unit 1 Helping those in need -语法教案Grammar Infinitives 动词不定式动词不定式是一种非谓语动词， 可以在句子中作主语、 宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，但 to 有时可以省略。本单元的Grammar板块主要讲解其充当宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语的用法。1 动词不定式作宾语动词不定式作宾语的基本结构是：动词+动词不定式。下面这些动词后可以跟动词不定式作宾语：agree decide fail forget hope learn manage need offer promise refuse remember seem start try want wish plan What do you want to do this evening? 你今晚想做什么？Its not very lateWe dont need to go home now 时间还不算晚， 我们现在还不必回家。Tina has decided to sell her car 蒂娜已决定把车卖了。You forgot to switch off the light when you went out你出门的时候忘记关灯了。My younger brother is learning to drive我弟弟正在学开车。I tried to read my book but I was too tired 我努力想看书，但我太累了。动词不定式的部分也可以使用否定形式。如：Millie decided not to go out米利决定不出门。但是并非所有的动词都可以这样用。如：( ) Kitty plans not to take Linda out. () Kitty doesnt plan to take Linda out Kitty 不打算带 Linda 出去。( ) Linda wanted not to visit the park. () Linda didnt want to visit the parkLinda 不想去公园游玩。【提示】 decide，know，learn，remember ，wonder 等动词后可以接“疑问词 +动词不定式”的结构。如：I cant decide what to do Do you know where to park the car? George is learning how to draw 2 动作不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式作宾语补足语的基本结构是：动词+宾语（名词代词） +动词不定式下面这些动词后可以跟动词不定式作宾语补足语：advise allow ask encourage expect force invite order 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - persuade remind teach tell want warn wish would like Sue asked a friend to lend her some money1 want you to be happy Would you like me to lend you some money? We persuaded George to come with us. I taught my younger brother to swim. What do you advise me to do? Paul told Sue not to wait for him【提示】在动词不定式作宾语补足语的结构中，如果谓语动词是下列动词，则不定式省to：使役动词： let have make 感官动词： feel hear see watch 我们称这类不定式为 不带 to 的动词不定式 。如：The teacher let Jane leave school earlyl made him tell me the truth. The boss had the workers work for long hours I heard your younger sister shout “ Fire!”Tom saw a car come round the corner 1 watched them play in the playground 3 动词不定式作目的状语动词不定式还可以用来表示目的。如：Bob goes jogging every day to keep fit. She went to the department store to buy a new blouse. 动词不定式也可以位于句首。如：To raise money for the victims of the earthquake ，the students held a charity fair last week. 动词不定式作目的状语常常可以和in order to 互换使用。如：He wore sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight= He wore sunglasses-n order to protect his eyes from the strong sunlightKitty and Linda 正在网上谈论 Joseph的旅行。用方框中所给动词的适当形式完成对话。Kitty: Please tell Joseph that my parents agree (1)_him stay with us. I hope (2) _ him at the airport! Linda: Thank you for allowing Joseph (3) _ with your family. He plans (4) _ in Beijing on 18 December. He seems (5) _very excited about the trip. Hed like (6) _ many places, but you dont have to take him everywhere. Hell learn (7) _ by himself. Kitty: Im very happy to show people around. I want (8) _to some places too. Linda: Dont forget (9) _Joseph to Wangfujing Street then. He wants (10) _ some presents for his family and friends. I.根据下面人物所说的话，用“动词+（疑问词） +动词不定式”的结构回答问题。arrive be buy go let see stay take travel visit 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 1. Mark: Lets help each other. Luke: Sure! Q: What do Mark and Luke agree to do? A: _ 2. Grandma: I dont eat pork. Ill have fish, please. Q: What does Grandma choose to eat? A: _ 3. Emily: I would like to be a writer. Q: What does Emily want to be? A:_ 4. David: Ill study harder. Q: What does David decide to do? A: _ 5. David: Ill do my homework from 7 p.m. t0 9 p.m. Q: What will David start to do at 7 p.m.? A: _ 6. Jack: How can I improve my English? Q: What does Jack want to know? A: _ 7. Nancy: Should I refuse their invitation? Q: What is Nancy wondering? A: _ II. 用括号内“动词 +动词不定式”的结构完成下列句子。1. It is spring now. Our monitor_ (want, organize) a class trip. 2. What would you _ (like, drink), tea or coffee? 3. I _ (hope, travel) around the world when I grow up. 4. At last, her parents _ (agree, live) in the city with her. 5. Sandy _ (prepare, make) a speech at the evening party now. 6. The two boys will_ (learn, swim) in the Swimming Club. 7. You have poor eyesight, so you can _ (choose, sit) in the front of the classroom. 8. Please_ (remember, close) the door when you leave the room. 9. Dont _ (forget, take) an umbrella with you because it is going to rain. 10. Look! The little girl_ (try, wake) her mum up. 11. The police _ (make) everyone _ (leave) the building at once. 12. The driver_ (let) the old. _ (travel) on the bus without a ticket. 13. Jack _ (have) his brother _ (wash) the dishes yesterday. 14. I dont_ (let) people _ (smoke) in my car! III. 连词成句。注意使用正确的时态。1. (Tomorrow/l/encourage/Janet/enter/the competition.) _ 2. (I was already tired, but I/force/myself go on working.) _ 3.(Ann/teach/Mary/drive/last year.) _ 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 4. (Dont worry! Tomorrow I/persuade/my father/see/a doctor.) _ 5. (Last Sunday, John/invite/Sheila/come/for lunch.) _ 6. (Next year the teachers/allow/the students /use/ calculators in exams.) 7. _ IV. 根据括号中的内容提示 ,用动词不定式完成句子。1. (Policewoman: Can everyone please stay indoors?) The policewoman asked everyone _ 2. (Jane: Remember to come home early, Tim.) Jane reminded Tim_ 3. (Manager: You must work more quickly.) The manager wants us_ 4. (Captain: Lets do our best in the game.) The captain encouraged us _ 5. (Joe: Can you come to my party next Saturday?) Joe invited me _ V. 回答下列问题，将名词改为代词，并注意使用正确的时态。1. A: Did Nicola tell Michael to be careful? B: Yes, _ 2. A: Would Kate like Peter to stay? B: Yes, _ 3. A: Does Mrs. White want her son to be a scientist? B: Yes, _ 4. A: Did the doctor advise Michael to stay in bed? B: Yes, _ 5. A: Does Susan allow her children to go to late-night parties? B: Yes, _ 6. A: Did Mary remind Mark to phone? B: Yes, _ VI. 合并句子，并保持句意基本不变。1. Your sister shouted Help! I heard her. I _ 2. Tom prepared the sandwiches. Diana watched him. Diana_ _ 3. The ground shook. We felt it. We _ 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 4. Brian left early. Did you see him? Did you_ VII. 用动词不定式完成下面的对话。 注意从括号中选择正确的动词。 每个动词仅使用一次。get see improve understand talk remember 1. A: Why did Tony move nearer? B: He moved nearer_ the words on the blackboard more clearly. 2. A: Why do you speak with your British friends so often? B: I often speak with them _my oral English. 3. A: You have read that article again and again. Tell me why. B: I have read it repeatedly just_ it well. . 4. A: I dont want to climb to the top of the mountain. It must be very tiring. B: But_ the beautiful view of the whole city, it is well worth doing. 5. A: Why are you learning Spanish? B: I am learning it _ Spanish films and books. 6. A: Why did you leave the lecture hall so late yesterday? B: We left late_ with Professor King about the topic of the lecture. 1. We decided to meet Vivien today. decide动词，意为“决定”，其常见结构有：decide (not) to do sth决定（不）做某事They decide (not) to tell Tom about it . decide on (doing) sth决定（做）某事They decide on flying kites. decide十 that从句She has decided that she will be a doctor in the future. 【拓展】 decide的名词形式为 decision; make a decision意为“作决定”。He has made a decision to become a sailor.(水手) 2. I hope to see you again. hope在此处用作及物动词，意为“希望” ，后面常接动词不定式或从句。I hope to see you soon. We hope that we could be back before dinner. 【辨析： 】hope与 wish 相同点：都表示 “ 想，希望 ” ，宾语可为 to do，不能为 doing. I hope/wish to visit Guilin. 不同点：a. wish后可以跟复合宾语，即wish sb. to do sth Grammar & Writing & More Practice 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 我希望你去。I wish you to go.( )I hope you to go.() b. 两者都可接 that从句，但是 “hope +that从句 ”表示容易实现的愿望。“wish+ that 从句”表示不容易实现的愿望，且从句中谓语用虚拟语气。I hope youll be better soon. 我希望你能很快好起 . I wish I were ten years younger. 我希望自己能年轻10 岁。c. wish 后可接双宾语，表示祝愿，但hope不能。I wish you a happy New Year! 我祝你新年快乐！d.在简略答语中， hope后可接 so，表示 “ 希望如此 ” ，接 not 表示“ 希望不是这样 ” ，而 wish 不能这样用。-Tomorrow itll be sunny, won t it? 明天会是个晴天，对吗？-I hope so. 希望如此。3. In order to raise money for children in need ，为了给有困难的孩子募集钱款，in order to 慧为“为了”，表示目的。在用法和意义上与so as to相近，但 in order to可用于句首或句中，而so as to多用于句中。其否定形式分别为in order not to和 so as not to。如：He got up very early in order to/so as to catch the first bus In order to catch the first bus ，he got up very earlyTurn the volume down in order not to/so as not to wake the child up 。in order to 和 so as to在句中表示目的时， 常可以转化成 in order that或 so that引导的目的状语从句。如：We should work hard in order to pass the exam. We should work hard in order that/so that we can pass the exam. 4. In 1989, 4.8 million children in the country, aged from seven to fourteen, were unable to attend school. aged是形容词，意为“岁” 。如：Alan has two children，aged eleven and nine. 此外， aged还有“年老的；年迈的”的意思。如：She has an aged father who is difficult to deal with 她有个难以相处的年迈老父。be unable to是 be able to的反义词组，意为“不能够；无法” 。如：I stayed there for three months and was unable to find a jobattend school相当于 go to school，意为“上学”。又如： attend class意为“上课”。5. Because of this ，the CCTF launched the Spring Bud Project to help them. because是连词，后接句子； because of是复合介词，后接名词、代词、动名词等。如：I didnt buy it because it was too expensive. 我没有买是因为它太贵了。He lost his job because of his age 由于年龄关系他失去了工作。He came here because of you (that)他为你（那事）而来这里。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - He was punished because of being late for school for many times. 6. I wish to help other girls the way the Spring Bud Project helped me. wish to do something意为“希望做某事” ，与 hope to do something意思接近。如：I wish to go to the fair on Saturday morning 星期六早上我想去集市。根据下面的段落，用适当的名称或数字完成右侧的饼图。Fairface Cosmetics Sales for May In May, the sales of face cream were forty per cent of the total sales. Sales of face powder were also quite good, thirty per cent, while lipstick sales amounted to only fifteen per cent. Perfume formed ten per cent of the sales, while all other kinds of cosmetics were five per cent of the total. 下表所展示的是 Fairface化妆品公司的经理如何安排她一天的工作。根据所给信息，将她每天的工作安排以饼图的形式加以呈现。Managers Daily Activities Activity Amount of time 360Reading reports 25% 120/50360 =90Writing emails 15 % _ Talking to customers 20% _ Listening to staff 25% _ Attending meetings 10% _ Other activities 5% _ _ _ 100% 360名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -