2022年中考英语复习之非谓语动词已编辑 .pdf

学习好资料欢迎下载20XX年中考英语复习之非谓语动词一、定义:在句子中充当 除谓语以外的句子成分 的动词形式叫做非谓语动词(它不受人称和数的限制 ),包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）二、动词不定式(一).不定式的基本形式 :to+V 原，不定式的否定形式 :not to+V 原(二)不定式的句法功能 (不定式在句中能作主语、表语、宾语、定语、宾补、状语) 1.不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时 ,常用 it 作形式主语 ,真正的主语不定式置于句末：a.It+be+名词+to do sth. b.It takes sb. some time to do sth c.It+be+形容词 +of /for sb +to do sth 当形容词表示人的品质时 , 用 of 不用 for. (careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice, right,silly,stupid,wise,clever) 2.不定式作宾语常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：would like,want, hope, wish,like,decide,plan, learn, pretend, refuse,. 在 find,think 后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it 代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。I find it easy to read English every day. 常见的一些 不带 to 的动词不定式 的用法 :why not do sth?=why dont you do sth? had better (not)do sth,would rather do sth,could/would you please (not)do sth? 3.不定式作表语Her job is to clean the hall. 4.不定式作宾语补足语want, wish, ask, tell, help, advise,teach, allow, wait for, invite,would like,encourage后跟动词不定式作宾补；使役动词和感官动词 常用省略 to 的不定式作宾补，但变为被动语态时，必须加上to. (一感二听三让四看五帮助)feel,hear,listen to,let,make,have,look at,see,watch,notice,help 5.不定式作定语动词不定式作定语，应放在名词之后；不定式为不及物动词时，且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系，要在不定式后加上适当的介词。He found a good house to live in. 6.不定式常与疑问词 what,which,when,where,how连用，相当于一个宾语从句。He didn t know where to go.= He didnt know where he should go.7.只能接不定式动词的口诀:决定想做计划需要同意能做被用来做的事,迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事decide to do sth. 决定做某事 ,want would like to do sth.想做某事 ,plan to do sth. 计划做某某事 , fail to do 未能做某事 need to do sth.需要做某事 ,agree to do sth.同意做某事 ,afford to do 能做某事,be used to do 被用来做 ,cant wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事 ,make up one s mind to do下决心做某事 ,used to do过去常常做某事 ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 ,tell sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 ,want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth邀请某人做某事 ,expect sb. to do sth.期待某人做某事 ,encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事,promise sb. to do答应某人做某事 ,allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 ,help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事三、动名词(一)、动名词的构成 :动词原形 +-ing (二)、动名词的句法功能 (动名词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语) Eating too much is bad for your health. I like playing basketball very much. Stamps are used for sending letters . His hobby is collecting stamps.She is in the reading room. (三)、常见接动名词作宾语的动词:喜欢、考虑不可免，停止、放弃大冒险，介意想象莫推延，要 求 完 成 是 渴 望 ， 建 议 继 续 勤 练 ， 不 禁 原 谅 要 坚 持 ， 继 续 注 意 使 成 功 。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载(enjoy,consider,avoid,stop,give up,risk,mind,imagine,put off,require,finish,look forward to, suggest,go on,practice,cant help,excuse,insist on,keep on,pay attention to,succeed in) enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 ,spend.doing sth. 花费做某事 ,be busy doing sth. 忙于做 imagine sb. doing sth.想象做某事 ,cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事 ,feel like doing sth.想要做某事 finish doing sth.完成做某事 ,practice doing sth. 练习做某事 ,miss doing sth. 错过做某事suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 ,keep (on) doing sth.保持（继续）做某事 ,mind doing sth.介意做某事 be worth doing sth.值得做某事 ,consider doing sth.考虑做某事 ,be good at doing sth 擅长做某事be interested in doing sth. 对做某事感兴趣 ,be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事thank sb. for doing sth. 谢谢某人做某 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 ,put off doin 推迟做某事 , keep/stop sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 ,give up doing sth.放弃做某事 ,without doing sth.没有做某事 ,think about doing sth.考虑做某事 ,What/How about doing 做某事怎么样 ? look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事 pay attention to doing sth. 注意/关注做某事be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 ,prefer doing sth to doing sth. 相比做 ，更喜欢做 四、分词(一)分词的构成 :现在分词的基本形式由动词+-ing 构成，过去分词由动词 +-ed 构成。(二)分词的句法构成 :分词在句中可作定语、状语、表语和补语Do you know the girl standing under the tree? Please hand in your written exercises.The students went out of the classroom, talking and laughing . Seen from the hill,our school looks more beautiful. The boy is too frghtened to move. Dont keep us waiting for a long time. I heard him singing in the classroom. Hell have his hair cut after school. 现在分词作宾补 ,现在分词与宾语构成主动关系；过去分词作宾补 ,过去分词与宾语构成被动关系。五、动词不定式与动名词作宾语的区别1.forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 (事未做) forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 (事已做 ) 2.remember to do sth记住去做某事 (事未做 ) remember doing sth记得做了某事 (事已做3.mean to do sth 打算，想做某事 mean doing sth 意味着做了某事4.stop to do sth 停下来去做（另一件事）stop doing sth 停止做某事5.try to do sth 尽力去做某事try doing sth 试着做某事6.go on to do sth 接着做（另外一件事） go on doing sth 继续做某事 (前后做的是同一件事) 7.used to do sth 过去常常做某事 be used to doing sth 习惯做某事8.need to do sth需要去做某事 (主语是人 ,表主动) need doing sth需要做某事 (主语是物 ,表被动) 六、如何判断使用谓语动词还是非谓语动词当句子缺少谓语时，该动词就要使用谓语动词形式（体现时态和语态）；当句子已有谓语动词且无并列连词时，该动词就用非谓语动词形式。1Mr. Smith told his sonthe football match because of the exam. （2015呼和浩特）A.not to watchB.to not watchC.not watchingD.doesnt watch2.Sarah, youd better drink more water afterfor such a long time.（2015广州）A.runB.runsC.to runD.running 3.My parents didnt allow meto the party. （2015天津）A. goB. to goC. goesD. went 4.-It s too cold today.Would you mindthe window?-Certainly not.Go ahead.(2015安顺 ) A.to closeB.closingC.closeD.closed 5.Why notyour friends for help when you are in trouble. （2015安顺）名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载A.askB.to askC.asksD.asking 6.-So beautiful flowers! I cant decidefor my mom.-For Mother s Day, it cant be better to take some carnations（康乃馨 ).（2015福州）A.when to chooseB.which to chooseC.how to choose 7.When you leave, please turn off the lightsenergy. （2015泰安）A.saveB.to saveC.savingD.saved 8.I was tired out, so I stopped the cara short rest. （2015苏州）A. haveB.havingC. to haveD. had 9.For our coming vacation, whygoing abroad and seeing the outside world? （2015武威）A.not considerB.to considerC.dont thinkD.not think10.-Did you talk back to your mother when you were a child? -Yes. But now I realize I was wrong. I really regretthat silly thing to my mum.(2015襄阳 ) A.doB.to doC.doingD.did 11.Youd bettethe test paper before handing it in. A.go aheadB.go onC.go offD.go over 12.We are too tired. Lets stopa rest. （2015益阳）A.to have B.have C.having 13.I really dont knowthis question. It is too hard. （2015自贡）A.which to answerB.how to answerC.what to answer 14.I will try my best to stop my son fromthe same mistake.（2015重庆 A/C卷）A.makeB.madeC.makesD.making 15.The joke was so funny that it made himagain and again.（2015重庆 B 卷）A.laughB.to laughC.laughedD.laughs 16.We stopped, but there was not any sound. A.to listenB.listensC.listenD.listening 17.Neither the headmaster nor the teacherstake a vacation next week. （2015呼和浩特）A.were going toB.is going toC.was going toD.are going to 18.-What would you like to have for supper?-Either noodles or riceOK. I don t mind.A.areB.wereC.isD.was（2015安顺）19.Everybody except Mike and Lindathere when the meeting began. （2015泰安）A.isB.areC.wasD.were 20.Three milliona large number. You can make it. A.are; smallB.is; smallerC.is; smallD.are; smaller 21.-How many women doctors are there in your hospital? -themover twenty.（2015益阳）A.A number of; areB.The number of; areC.The number of; is 22.-How many people are there in your group? -Four. Three boysin our group this time. （ 2015重庆 B 卷）A.isB.areC.wereD.was 1.-I feel stressed from time to time. Could you give me some advice? -sharing your worries with your parents?(2016江苏泰州 )A. Why dont you B. How about C. Why not D. Would you like 2.- Would you mindin the dining hall? - Of course not.(2016四川宜宾 )A. not to smoke B. not smoking C. smoke D. not smoke 3. Students should learn howproblems.(2016四川雅安 )A. solve B. solving C. can solve D. to solve 4.-Can you finishthese books before 10 oclock? -Yes, I can. (2016四川雅安 ) A. to read B. read C. reads D. reading 5.My parents often tell metoo much junk food because it s bad for my health. (2016山东临沂 )A. not eating B. not to eat C. eating D. to eat 6.Shes not strong enoughwalking up mountains.(2016浙江杭州 )名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载A. to go B. going C. go D. went 7.He lost his keyIt made himin the cold to wait for his wife s return.( 2016重庆) A. to stay B. stayed C. stays D. stay 8. -What abouta rest? - Let s go for a walk. (2016湖南邵阳 )A. to take B. take C. taking 9.Many children are left alone in the countryside. Let s try our bestthem.(2016浙江衢州 )A. help B. helping C. to help D. helps 10.Our English teacher often says to us, “English well is very important”.(2016四川内江 )A. Learn B. Learning C. Learned D. To learning 11.He hurried back home his schoolbag. (2016四川内江 )A. fetched B. to fetch C. fetching D. fetches 12. - Excuse me. Could you please tell memy car? -Sure. Park it right here. I ll help you.(2016山东青岛 )A. how to stop B. where to park C. where to stop D. when to park 13.- Nick,would you mindout of the bathroom? -Sorry.I wont be long.( 2016福建福州 )A. come B. to come C. coming 14. -Why notto the park now? -Good idea! Let s go.(2016广东湛江 )A. go B. to go C. goes D. going 15. -Would you likecamping with me? - I d like to. But I m busymy homework. (2016山东滨州 )A. to go; to do B. to go; doing C. going; to do D. going; doing 16.-Why is Linlin practicing speaking English? - abroad for further study. (2016山东泰安 )A. Go B. Gone C. To go D. Goes 17.-I m new here. - Dont worry. I ll do what I canyou.(2016浙江 )A. help B. to help C. invite D. to invite 18.Jacks teacher asked himoff the lights after class.(2016四川南充 )A. turning B. turned C. to turn 19.When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place.(2016四川凉山 )A. to live B. living in C. to live in 20.Everyone may feel time very quickly when they do something interesting.( 2016四川凉山 )A. go by B. to go by C. went by 21.-I m looking forward to my parents soon.What about you? - Me too.( 2016四川广安 )A. seeing B. see C. saw 22.Seeing their teacherinto the classroom, they stoppedat once.(2016湖北黄石 ) A. walk; telling B. entering; to speak C. enter; to tell D. walking; talking 23.Even Tonys granddaughter, a five-year-old girl, asked himsmoking. ( 2016上海 )A. give up B. gave up C. to give up D. giving up 24.The retired couple enjoyphotos.They always go out with their cameras. ( 2016上海 )A. take B. took C. to take D. taking 25. -I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you? -I havent decided where. (2016山东济宁 )A. go B. went C. going D. to go 26.Lucy is shy. She would not invite her classmatesdancing with her.(2016江西 )A. practice B. practices C. practicing D. to practice 27.- How is your grandma? -Shes fine. She used to TV at home after supper. But now she is used to out for a walk. ( 2016湖北黄冈 )A. watch; go B. watching; go C. watching; going D. watch; going 28.-Who s the boy in white T-shirunder the tree? -My friend.(2016贵州安顺 )A. stand B. to stand C. stood D. standing 29.He often drinks two cups of water when he comes back. (2016贵州安顺 )A. boiling B. boil C. boiled D. boils 30.Tom，would you pleasethe box? It s for your sister. (2016呼和浩特 )名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载A. not open B. dont open C. not to open D. to not open 31.Jessicas parents always encourage her out her opinions. (2016辽宁鞍山 )A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. will speak 32.The Greens used to live in London and now theyin Beijing. (2016江苏扬州 ) A. used to live B. are used to live C. are used to living D. are used for living 33. - What are you going to do when you grow up? -A singer, but my parents wish mea teacher. (2016江苏扬州 )A. am B. to be C. will be D. be 34.Dont throw away the waste paper. It needsso that it can be reused.(2016江苏无锡 )A. to destroy B. destroying C. to collect D. collecting 35.Paul made a nice cagethe little sick bird till it could fly.(江苏苏州 )A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep 36.It was time for class. Mr. King asked all the childrendown quietly. (山东济南 )A. sit B. sat C. to sit D. sitting 37. All the Chinese people must work hardChinese Dream. (2016湖南株洲 )A. to realize B. realize C. realizing 38.I always tell my studentson the road because it s really dangerous.( 2016广州 )A. not to play B. to play not C. not playing D. not play 39.-I didn t hear you come in just now. - That s good. We tried any noise, for you were sleeping. (2016广东 )A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making 40.He promisedhis old friend during his stay in Tianjin. (2016天津 )A. see B. seeing C. saw D. to see 41.Mary called and asked her husbandhome at once, because she locked their daughterin the home. (2016陕西 )A. to leave B. leave C. go D. to go 42.- Excuse me. Could you tell meget to the nearest post office? -Sorry, I am new here.( 2016山东威海 )A. how can I B. how I could C. how to D. what I can 43.When I walked past the park, I saw some old peopleChinese Taiji.(2016山东莱芜 )A. do B. did C. doing D. are doing 44.Vocabulary is important to language learning. Therefore, youd better try different ways you can think ofwords and expressions. (2016哈尔滨 )A. remember B. to remember C. remembering 45.Our teacher often tells usin the river. It s dangerous. (2016广西贺州 )A. dont swim B. not swim C. not to swim D. not swimming 46.Im sleepy. I preferat home to going out for a walk. (2016江苏徐州 )A. sleeping B. to sleep C. slept D. sleep 47.At times, parents find it difficultwith their teenage children. (2016江苏淮安 ) A. talk B. talked C. talking D. to talk 48.He used toin a small village, but now he has been used toin a big city. A. live; living B. live; live C. living; living (2016湖南益阳 )49.You look too tired. Why nota rest?(2016湖南益阳 )A. stop to have B. to stop having C. stop having 50. -Would you mind the window? Its very hot. -No, not at all. (2016湖南娄底 )A. open B. to open C. opening 51.- Laura enjoysstory books. -Me, too.(2016湖南衡阳 )A. reading B. read C. to read 53.How kind you are! You always do what you canothers.(2016湖北十堰 ) A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help 54.- What a heavy rain! - So it is. I preferrather thanv on such a rainy day. (2016湖北孝感 )A.to go out,stay at home B.to stay at home,go outC.going out,stay at home D.staying at home,go out 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 8 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载55. - Dad, why must I stopcomputer games? - For your health, my boy. (2016湖北孝感 )A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing 56. -Driving less, walking more is good for our health.(2016湖北襄阳 ) -So Id ratheran hours walk to work than considea car. A. take, drive B. take, to drive C. take, driving D. taking, driving 57. -What did your teacher say this morning? (2016湖北随州 )-She told usmake faces in class. A. to not B. not to C. do not D. didn t58.-Let s play football on the playground.(2016湖北随州 ) -It s too hot outside. I would ratherat home thanout. A. to stay; go B. staying; going C. stay; to go D. stay; go 59.He wants to have his TV . (2016黑龙江绥化 )A. repairing B. repaired C. to repair 60.Rememberoff the lights when you leave the room, please.(2016黑龙江绥化 )A. to turn B. turning C. turn 61.-What do you usually do in the morning? -I often practiceEnglish.(2016黑龙江 )A. speak B. to speak C. speaking 62.It takes me half an hourthe piano every day. (2016齐齐哈尔 )A. play B. playing C. to play 63.The Great Green Wall can stop the wind and sand to the rich land in the south of China. A. move B. to move C. from moving (2016齐齐哈尔 )64.Animals are our close friends. We are supposedv them.(2016齐齐哈尔 )A. to protect B. prot