2022年形容词之-比较级和最高级 .pdf

good better best well better best ill worse worst bad worse worst badly worse worst little less least old older/elder oldest/eldest many more most much more most far( 表距离 ) farther farthest far( 表程度 ) further furthest late later latest 形容词、副词比较级和最高级Comparative degree & Superlative degree: 一、比较级构成方式：Aadj / adv + er / est poorpoorer poorest fast faster fastest B词尾 e + r / st large larger largestfine finer finest C重读闭音节中短元音 + 辅音词尾双写辅音词尾 + er / est. big bigger biggesthothotter hottest D辅音 + yi + er / est drydrier driest angryangrier angriest E多音节形容词及副词： more + adj / adv most + adj / adv F不规则变化：good / well better best bad / ill worse worst many / much more most little less least late later latest late latter last far farther farthest far further furthest 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 【用法示例】比较级用于二者相比较，由than 构成比较状语从句：（1）两个相比较的主语必须相对应。. He looks stronger than I(do). . The climate of Shanghai is hotter than that of Beijing. . My Schoolbag is larger than hers. . The book is much more interesting than that one. （2）两个形容词比较级由 and 连在一起，表示“越来越 , ” . It is getting colder and colder. . She is becoming more and more beautiful （3）这种句型结构表示“越 , 越, ” . The older we grow, the poorer our memory will be. . The earlier we start, the sooner well get there. （4）二者之比较。而Of the three girls, she is the cleverest. . I prefer the cheaper one of the two books. . Of the two brothers, he is the cleverer. 最高级 构成方式：三者或三者以上 进行比较，“ the + 形容词 / 副词 est ”。(1) John is the tallest of the three. He runs fastest in our class.（副词的最高级 the 可省略）This is the most difficult book Ive read. (2) He is cleverer than any other boy in the class.（有 than 时只用比较级）She is younger than all the other students. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 一 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则：1 一般情况加-er,-est talltallertallest great greater greatest2 以不发音 e 结尾的单音节词加-r,-st large larger largest nice nicer nicest3 在重读闭音节（即：辅音元音辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母双写, 加-er,-est big bigger biggest hothotter hottest4 以“辅音字母 y”结尾的双音节词 , Y 变 i ，加-er, -est easyeasier easiest heavyheavier heaviest 5 以 ow,er 结尾的双音节词加-er, -est clever cleverer cleverestnarrownarrower narrowest 6 其他双音节词（副词）和多音节词， more ，most beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifuldifferentmore differentmost different easily more easily most easily注：最高级前要加the , 不加表示“非常”， a most important meeting 副词的比较级和最高级1大多数以 ly 结尾的副词前加 more 和 most 来构成比较级和最高级。 2 少数单音节副词， 加 er,est 构成其比较级和最高级。二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法一、原级的用法1“甲 +be+(倍数)+as+形容词原级 +as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍” almost, nearly, just, exactly, quite, rather, very, half , twice, three times , a third, so，too Tom is as old as Kate.汤姆和凯特年龄一样大。 Tom is twice as old as Kate.汤姆的年龄是凯特的二倍。2“甲 +实意动词 +(倍数)+as+副词原级 +as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”Tom runs as fast as Mike.汤姆和迈克跑得一样快。Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.汤姆跑得速度是迈克的二倍。3“甲 +be+not+as/so+ 形容词原级 +as+乙”甲不如乙, This room is not as/so big as that one.这个房间不如那个大。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 甲+助动词 +not+动词原形 +as/so+副词原级 +as+乙”甲不如乙,He doesnt walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那样慢。二、比较级的用法1 甲+be+(倍数)+形容词比较级 +than+乙”表示“甲比乙 , ”或“甲比乙 , 几倍” a lot, much , a bit, even, a little , still, far, Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一课比第二课容易得多。Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。This train runs much faster than that one.这辆火车比那辆跑地快。Tom is taller than Kate.汤姆比凯特高。This room is three times bigger than that one.这个房间比那个大三倍。2“甲 +实意动词 +(倍数)+副词比较级 +than+乙”表示“甲比乙 , ”或“甲比乙, 几倍”I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我妈还早。He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。3“甲 +be+形容词比较级 +than+any other+ 单数名词 (+介词短语 )”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人 / 物都, ”，含义是“甲最 , ”。注意： The Yangtze Riveris longer than any river in Japan.长江比日本的任何一条河都长。The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China. =The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.长江比中国的任何一条其他的河都长。=The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.长江比中国的其他所有的河都长。 =The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.长江是中国最长的河流。4“甲 +实意动词 +副词比较级 +than+anyother+ 单数名词 (+介词短语 )”表示“甲比同一范围的任何一个人/ 物都, ”，含义是“甲最 , ”。Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.= Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class. 注意： Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Toms class.迈克比汤姆班上任何一个学生到校都早。(迈克和汤姆不是同一个班) 5“甲 +be+the+形容词比较级 +ofthetwo+,”表示“甲是两者中较 , 的”Look at the two boys.My brother is the taller of the two. 6“比较级 +and+比较级”表示“越来越 , ”。He is getting taller and taller. 7“the+比较级， the+比较级”表示“越 , ，越, ”。The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes youll make.你越认真，犯的错误越少8“特殊疑问词 +be+形容词比较级，甲or 乙？”Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？：“特殊疑问词 +实意动词 +副词比较级，甲 or 乙？”Who draws better ，Jenny or Danny ？谁画得比较好，詹妮还是丹尼？名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 3. 最高级常用句型结构1“主语 +be+the+形容词最高级 +单数名词 +in/of短语”表示“ , 是, 中最, 的”。Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students. 汤姆是他们班上 / 所有学生当中最高的。2“主语 +实意动词 +(the)+ 副词最高级 +单数名词 +in/of短语”表示“ ,是, 中最, 的I jump (the) farthest in my class. 我是我们班跳得最远的。3“主语 +be+oneofthe+形容词最高级 +复数名词 +in/of短语”表示“ ,是, 中最, 之一”。Beijing is one of the largest cities in China. 北京是中国最大城市之一。4“特殊疑问词 +be+the+最高级 +甲，乙， or 丙？”用于三者以上的比较。Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？5“特殊疑问词 +be+the+副词最高级 +甲，乙， or 丙？”用于三者以上的比较Which season do you like (the) best，spring ，summer or autumn ？名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 5 页 - - - - - - - - -