2022年高二英语北师大版选修8练习：Unit 23《Conflict》Section Ⅴ Language Awareness.pdf

1 Section Language Awareness & Culture Corner & Bulletin Board 根据提示写出下列单词 1_ n 顾问 2_ adj. 各种各样的 3_ adj. 很费心的 4_ vt. (正式)建议，劝告 5_ vt. 欺侮 6_ n. 推荐 7_ vi. 适应 【答案】1.counsellor2.diverse3.demanding4.counsel5.bully6.recommendation7.adjust 根据提示补全下列短语 1get _ ones nerves 烦扰，使心神不定 2tell sb._ 责备某人，斥责某人 3_ sure 确保 4be aware _ 察觉到，意识到 5be responsible _ 对负责 6apply _ 向申请 7the _ day 不久前的一天 8have difficulty (in) _ sth. 做某事有困难 2 9a wide range _ 范围广泛的 【答案】1.on2.off3.make4.of5.for6.to 7other8.doing9.of 根据提示补全下列教材原句 1Counsellors offer help, advice and support to people who find_it_difficult_to_help_themselves. 辅导员向那些觉得自我帮助有困难的人提供帮助、建议与支持。 2Some children have_more_difficulty_learning than others. 有些孩子在学习方面比其他孩子有更多的困难。 3College students are of_many_different_ages and come from a wide range of social, cultural and economic backgrounds. 大学生们年龄各异，有着不同的社会、文化和经济背景。 阅读 P30教材课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 Elementary School Most of their time is spent on 1._(observe) young children in class so that any children with 2._(behave) problems or special learning needs might 3._(identify) and helped. Junior High School It is a difficult time for many students 4._their bodies are changing and they are become more selfconscious. Students might be counseled about personal problems 5._(include) bullying at school，problems at home and health problems or concerns. High School While 6._(continue) with the students personal and behavioural problems，they also help the students with academic issues like college 7._(apply) A counsellor often helps students decide on which courses to take at college and 3 which colleges to apply to.They also write letters of 8._(recommend) on behalf of the students. College More complex questions need to be handled because college students are 9._ different ages and from different backgrounds.A counsellor often helps students adjust to college life and plan their 10._(profession) careers after college. 【答案】1.observing2.behavioural3.be identified4.because5.including6.continuing7.applications8.recommendation9.of 10professional tell sb.off 训斥某人；分配，分派 (教材 P29)When we got back home and I told Mum about it，she told me off for letting him go up the tower and we had a real row. 当我们回到家，我告诉母亲这件事后，她因为我让他爬上了塔而训斥了我。我们真的吵了一架。 Dont tell me！ 不至于吧！ tell apart 辨别 tell on/upon 对有效；告发(某人) there is no telling 不得而知；很难说 to tell the truth 老实说 Dont tell me you are going back to your hometown. 你不至于要回到你的故乡吧。 There is no telling(tell) where he is. 无法知道他到底在哪里。 4 demanding adj.(指任务)需要耐心、技巧、努力等的；(指人)对他人要求高的；苛求的 (教材 P30)Children of different ages have different problems and needs，so the job of a school counsellor can be very diverse and demanding. 不同年龄的孩子有不同的问题与需要，因此，一名学校顾问的工作可能既变化多端，又需要很高的技能。 demand vt.&n. 要求，请求，需要 demand to do sth. 要求/请求/需要做某事 demand sth.of sb. 要求/请求某人某事 demand of sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事 demand (that).(should)do. 要求做(虚拟语气) meet/satisfy ones demand 满足某人的需要 in demand 需求量大 I think the government should try to satisfy the publics demands. 我认为，政府应尽力满足民众的需求。 Organic produce is in great demand. 有机农产品需求量很大。 He demanded of me to_shut(shut) the gate. 他要求我关上大门。 名师点津 (1)不可以说 demand sb.to do sth.，但可以说 demand of sb.to do sth. (2)demand 后接宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用虚拟语气：should动词原形，should 可以省略。 apply to 向申请；适用；适合；应用于 5 (教材 P30)Often，a counsellor will help students decide on which courses to take at college and which colleges to apply to. 通常一个(高中的)顾问将要帮助学生决定将来上大学所选择的科目和将要申请的大学。 (1)apply(to.)for (向)申请 apply oneself to(doing)sth. 致力于，集中精力于 apply.to. 把应用于 (2)applicant n. 申请人 application n. 应用；申请(表) We had to apply (to the government)for financial help. 我们只好(向政府)申请财务援助。 We applied ourselves to finding(find) a solution to the problem. 我们努力寻找解决那个问题的办法。 recommendation n推荐；建议；推荐信 (教材 P30)They also write letters of recommendation on behalf of students. 他们还代表学生写推荐信。 recommend vt. 推荐；介绍；劝告，建议 recommend sb.sth.recommend sth.to sb. 向某人推荐/介绍某事 recommend sb.for. 推荐某人(某职位) recommend sb.as. 推荐某人为 recommend doing sth. 推荐/建议做某事 6 recommend sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事 recommend that.(should)do. 建议做(虚拟语气) The teacher recommended that everyone (should)take an active part in the English party. 老师建议每一个人都应积极参加英语晚会。 The teacher recommended buying(buy) an EnglishChinese dictionary. 老师建议买一本英汉字典。 The doctor recommended his patient to_go(go) out for a walk. 医生建议他的病人出去散散步。 adjust vt.&vi. 适应；整理；校正，调节 (教材 P30)I help students adjust to life away from home. 我帮助学生们适应离开家的生活。 (1)adjust to 适应，适应于 adjust oneself to 使自己适应于 (2)adjustment n. 调整 make an adjustment/adjustments(to) (对)作出调整 She must learn to adjust herself to England life. 她必须学会适应英国的生活。 The company made an adjustment(adjust) to my salary. 公司对我的薪水作了调整。 a wide range of 范围广泛的；各种各样的 (教材 P30)College students are of many different ages and come from a wide 7 range of social，cultural and economic backgrounds. 大学生们年龄各异，来自不同的社会、文化和经济背景。 (1)range n 种类，范围；幅度 in/within range 在射程内；在范围内 out of/beyond range 超出射程/范围 (2)range vi. (范围)涉及/变化/排列 range from.to. 在和之间变化 By now the ship was within range of enemy radar. 该船现已进入敌人雷达的范围。 There are 120 students whose ages range from 10 to 18. 年龄在 10 岁至 18 岁之间的学生有 120 名。 .语境填词 1This was a demanding(demand) job, but he didnt refuse it. 2Please print your names in the application(apply) form. 3He gave her the job on her uncles recommendation(recommend) 4Ive made a few adjustments(adjust) to the design. .选词填空 tell sb.off； apply for； adjust to； a wide range of 1My boss told me off for my careless work. 2The company sells new cars with a_wide_range_of prices. 3Astronauts in flight must adjust_to weightlessness. 4Id rather you do not apply_for that position. 8 (教材 P30)Counsellors offer help，advice and support to people who find_it_difficult_to_help_themselves. 辅导员向那些觉得自我帮助有困难的人提供帮助、建议与支持。 【要点提炼】在 find it difficult to help themselves 中，it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语为 to help themselves。在复合宾语中，当宾语为不定式、动名词或宾语从句时，往往把真正的宾语放在它的补足语的后面，而用 it 作形式宾语，放在宾补前。 it 除作形式宾语外，还可以作形式主语，真正的主语不定式、动名词或从句放在后面，一般是为了平衡句子结构。 It is easy to say，but difficult to do. 说起来容易做起来难。 Its no use arguing(argue) with him；he wont listen. 和他争吵没用，他不会听的。 (教材 P30)College students are of_many_different_ages and come from a wide range of social，cultural and economic backgrounds. 大学生们年龄各异，有着不同的社会、文化和经济背景。 【要点提炼】本句中含有“of(adj.)名词”结构，of many different ages在句中作表语。 “of名词”结构在句中可作表语、定语和补语。该结构的用法为： (1)“of名词”可转化为相应的形容词。这类名词有 9 value，use，importance，help，interest，benefit 等， 其前可用 no，some，little，much，great 等词修饰。 (2)“of名词”没有相应的形容词形式。 这类名词有 size， weight， height， length，width，age，opinion，colour，kind 等，其前可用 a(n)，the same，different 等词修饰。 Mr.Smith is of the same opinion. Mr.Smith has the same opinion. 史密斯先生持同样的观点。 This dictionary is of no help to English beginners. This dictionary is not helpful to English beginners. 这本词典对英语初学者没有帮助。 (教材 P30)Some children have more difficulty_learning than others. 有些孩子在学习方面比其他孩子有更多的困难。 【要点提炼】have difficulty (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，为固定搭配，其中 difficulty 是不可数名词，difficulty 前常用 no，little，great，much，a lot of 等对其进行修饰。 “做某事有困难”表达多样化： (1)have difficulty/troubleError! (2)have problems with sth. (3)have a hard/difficult time (in) doing sth. 注意：difficulty/trouble 前可用 great，much，little 等词对其进行修饰。 Tom has little trouble/difficulty with his English pronunciation. 汤姆在英语发音方面没什么困难。 Tom has little trouble/difficulty(in)pronouncing(pronounce) English words. 汤姆在读英语单词方面没什么困难。 10 完成句子 1我觉得难以用言语表达我的感情。 I _ my feelings in words. 2对新单词的发音我总是有困难。 I always _. 3这个问题是很重要的，它不能被忽视。 The question _ that it cannot be neglected. 【答案】1.found it hard to convey2.have difficulty in pronouncing new words3.is of great importance 表达完成的动词形式 阅读下列句子并体会黑体部分的用法 1Why havent you been in touch? 2What have you been doing during the holidays? 3I expect you have been working hard for your exams! 4At least by the time I get back I will have read that awfully boring book. 5Anyway，having walked all the way to the top，we were tired and stopped. 6Well，he had been standing there for a minute or so when there was a noise. 7It must have been an instinctive reaction but it saved my life. 8The boy pretended to have known it. 一、表达完成的谓语动词的形式和含义 形式 含义 have done 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响或造成的结果，还可表11 (现在完成时) 示动作从过去某一时间开始，持续到现在并且还有可能持续下去。 have been doing (现在完成进行时) 表示某一动作延续到现在并有可能持续下去，表示某一动作的延续性、重复性，或表示某种感情色彩。 had done (过去完成时) 表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前已经发生的动作或存在的状态。 had been doing (过去完成进行时) 表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到这一过去时间。 will have done (将来完成时) 表示在将来某一时间点或某一动作之前完成的动作。 He has seen the film Coming Home twice. 他已经看了两遍电影归来 。 The play had already started when we got to the theatre. 我们到剧场时戏已经开始了。 They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那时他们将已结婚 20 年了。 名师点津 (1)现在完成进行时是完成时和进行时的结合，它具备未完成性或特定的感情色彩。 He has been sleeping all the afternoon. 他已睡了一下午了。(表示“抱怨”，有感情色彩) (2)过去完成时必须以过去某一时刻为起点，即“过去的过去”，因此只有在和过去的某个动作相比较时才能用到。 Beautiful Voice had prepared well before he stepped onto the stage of Avenue of Stars. 在走上星光大道的舞台之前，“美声四季”已做了充分的准备。 二、情态动词have done can (could), may (might), must, should (ought to)， need 等有时接完成式对过去动作或状态进行推测或责备。 should/ought to have done 本该做某事而实际上没做 12 must have done 一定做了某事 neednt have done 本不必做某事而实际上做了 cant have done 不可能做了某事(多用于否定句和疑问句) could have done 可能做了某事；本能做某事而实际上未做 may have done 可能做了某事 might have done 可能做了某事；本可能做某事而实际上未做 I neednt have bought so much wine only five people came. 我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。 Tom, you are too lazy.The work should have been finished yesterday. 汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试的，但是他太粗心了。 名师点津 must have done 的否定式一定要用 cant 或 couldnt，决不能用 mustnt，因为mustnt 表示“禁止”。 She couldnt have gone to swim yesterday, because her father came. 因为她父亲来了，昨天她不可能去游泳。(对过去的推测的否定) 三、非谓语动词的完成式 种类 完成形式 意义 不定式 to have done 表示说话时该动作已经完成 v.ing形式 having done 表示 “v.ing”形式的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前 Im very sorry to have kept you waiting for a long time. 我很抱歉让您等了那么久。 He apologized to us for not having kept his promise. 他因未履行自己的诺言而向我们道歉。 单句语法填空 13 1I_(finish) my homework before supper. 2You_(reach) Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 3_(fail) twice, he didnt want to try again. 4I_(visit) most of the cities in China since five years ago. 5These years China_(help) some poor countries. 6She_(tell) me the news earlier. 7I_(sleep) when my friend called me. 8By the time Jack returned home from England, his son_(graduate) from college. 9On her next birthday, Ann_(be) married for twenty years. 10I have been studying here for four years, by next summer I_(graduate) 11John, a friend of mine, who got married only last week，spent $3,000 more than he_(plan)for the wedding. 12_(run) for two miles, the car broke down. 【答案】1.had finished2.will have reached 3Having failed4.have visited5.has been helping6.should have told7.had been sleeping8.had graduated9.will have been10.shall have graduated11.had planned12.Having run 14 版权所有：高考资源网()