最新ansys在公路工程中的应用实例.doc
Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.-author-dateansys在公路工程中的应用实例ansys在公路工程中的应用实例6.1 施工过程仿真分析1 材料、实常数和单元类型定义/TITLE，Mechanical analysis on railway tunnel 1nd lining! 确定分析标题/NOPR !菜单过滤设置/PMETH，OFF，0KEYW，PR_SET，1 KEYW，PR_STRUC，1 !保留结构分析部分菜单/COM， /COM，Preferences for GUI filtering have been set to display:/COM， Structural /PREP7 !进入前处理器ET,1,PLANE42 !设置实体单元类型KEYOPT,1,1,0KEYOPT,1,2,0KEYOPT,1,3,2 !设置为平面应变模式KEYOPT,1,5,0KEYOPT,1,6,0ET,2,PLANE42 !设置实体单元类型KEYOPT,1,1,0KEYOPT,1,2,0KEYOPT,1,3,2 !设置为平面应变模式KEYOPT,1,5,0KEYOPT,1,6,0ET，3，BEAM3 !设置梁单元类型R,1,0.25,1.5e-3,0.25, , , , !设置梁单元几何常数MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0MPDATA,EX,1,0.8e9 !输入弹性模量（围岩）MPDATA,PRXY,1,0.38 !输入泊松比（围岩）MPDATA,DENS,1,2000 !输入密度（围岩）TB,DP,1, !采用DP准则进行弹塑性分析TBMODIF,1,1,0.2e6 !输入凝聚力（围岩）TBMODIF,1,2,30 !输入摩擦角（围岩）TBMODIF,1,3, MPTEMP, MPTEMP,1,0MPDATA,EX,2,3.2e9 !输入弹性模量（加固圈）MPDATA,PRXY,2,0.32!输入泊松比（加固圈）MPDATA,DENS,2,2200!输入密度（加固圈）TB,DP,2, !采用DP准则TBMODIF,1,1,0.5e6 !输入凝聚力（加固圈）TBMODIF,1,2,35 !输入摩擦角（加固圈）TBMODIF,1,3, MPDATA,EX,3,27.5e9 !输入弹性模量（喷射混凝土）MPDATA,PRXY,3,0.2 !输入泊松比（喷射混凝土）MPDATA,DENS,3,2500 !输入密度（喷射混凝土）SAVE !保存数据库2 建立几何模型创建关键点。K,1,0,0, !创建计算区域轮廓线关键点K,2,65,-22.3,K,3, -65,-22.3,K,4,65,37.1,K,5,19.6,37.1,K,6,-65,-11.8,K,7,-44.6,-22.3,K,8,-44.6,0,K,9,65,0,K,10,15,-22.3,K,11,-15,-22.3,K,12,-15,17.1,K,13,15,34.4,K,14,-15,1.169, !创建隧道轮廓线关键点，上半圆圆心K,15,-18.408,0.22, !左下拱脚圆心K,16,-15.022,7.887, !仰拱圆心K,17,0,25.742, K,18,0,-22.3, K,27,-11.636,0.22, !右下拱脚圆心SAVE !保存数据创建线。Circle,14,5.4 !画上半圆Circle,15,1.9 !画左下拱脚圆Circle,27,1.9 !画右下拱脚圆LDELE,5,6,1 !删除左右下拱脚圆的部分线LDELE,8,11,1 LOVLAP,7,3 !作叠加布尔运算LOVLAP,12,4LDELE,6,10,2LDELE,7LDELE,13,16,3NUMMRG,ALL, , , ,LOW !合并所有元素NUMCMP,ALL !压缩所有编号FLST,2,3,4,ORDE,3 !作加运算FITEM,2,4 FITEM,2,5 FITEM,2,6 LCOMB,P51X, ,0 FLST,2,3,4,ORDE,3 !作加运算FITEM,2,3 FITEM,2,7 FITEM,2,9 LCOMB,P51X, ,0NUMMRG,ALL, , , ,LOW !合并所有元素NUMCMP,ALL !压缩所有编号circle, 16,10.178 !画仰拱圆LOVLAP,3,7 !作叠加布尔运算LOVLAP,4,8LDELE,19 !删除部分线LDELE,5,7,1LDELE,10,11,1LDELE,14,16,2FLST,2,4,4,ORDE,4 !做线加布尔运算FITEM,2,9 FITEM,2,12 FITEM,2,-13 FITEM,2,15 LCOMB,P51X, ,0 FLST,2,4,4,ORDE,4 !做线加布尔运算FITEM,2,3 FITEM,2,17 FITEM,2,-18 FITEM,2,20 LCOMB,P51X, ,0Circle,14,8.9 !画上半圆(加固圈)Circle,15,5.4 !画左下拱脚圆(加固圈)Circle,27,5.4 !画右下拱脚圆(加固圈)ldele,8,12,2ldele,13,15,1LOVLAP,6,11 !作叠加布尔运算LOVLAP,7,16ldele,10,14,2 !删除部分线ldele,17,19,2ldele,11circle, 16,13.678 !画仰拱圆(加固圈)LOVLAP,11,13 !作叠加布尔运算LOVLAP,12,18ldele,10,11,1 !删除部分线ldele,23,26,3ldele,7,17,10ldele,14,22,8FLST,2,5,4,ORDE,5 !做线加布尔运算FITEM,2,8 FITEM,2,15 FITEM,2,-16 FITEM,2,19 FITEM,2,21 LCOMB,P51X, ,0 FLST,2,5,4,ORDE,5 !做线加布尔运算FITEM,2,6 FITEM,2,13 FITEM,2,20 FITEM,2,24 FITEM,2,-25 LCOMB,P51X, ,0 FLST,3,8,4,ORDE,4 !对称操作，由左隧道镜像成右隧道。FITEM,3,1 FITEM,3,-6 FITEM,3,8 FITEM,3,-9 LSYMM,X,P51X, , , ,0,0 NUMMRG,ALL, , , ,LOW !合并所有元素NUMCMP,ALL !压缩所有编号SAVE !所画出的隧道轮廓图见图6-7所示。k,56,0,1.169,0, !创建关键点，为画其它直线作准备k,57,30.044,1.169,0,k,58,30.044,-22.3,0,k,59,30.044,37.1,0,k,60,15,1.169,0,LSTR, 3, 7 !画计算区域线和分块线LSTR, 7, 8 LSTR, 8, 6 LSTR, 6, 3 LSTR, 7, 11 LSTR, 11, 18 LSTR, 18, 10 LSTR, 10, 58 LSTR, 58, 2 LSTR, 2, 9 LSTR, 9, 4 LSTR, 4, 59 LSTR, 59, 5 LSTR, 5, 13 LSTR, 13, 17 LSTR, 17, 12 LSTR, 12, 8 LSTR, 21, 14 LSTR, 14, 19 LSTR, 14, 20 LSTR, 14, 31 LSTR, 44, 60 LSTR, 60, 46 LSTR, 60, 45 LSTR, 60, 47 LSTR, 45, 53 LSTR, 46, 54 LSTR, 47, 55 LSTR, 44, 52 LSTR, 52, 56 LSTR, 54, 57 LSTR, 57, 59 LSTR, 57, 58 LSTR, 55, 10 LSTR, 56, 17 LSTR, 56, 18 LSTR, 53, 13 LSTR, 19, 32 LSTR, 32, 56 LSTR, 51, 11 LSTR, 33, 12 LSTR, 20, 33 LSTR, 21, 34 LSTR, 34, 8 LSTR, 31, 51 LSTR, 57, 9/PNUM,KP,0 !不显示关键点编号/PNUM,LINE,1 !显示线编号/PNUM,AREA,0 !不显示面编号/PNUM,VOLU,0 !不显示体编号/PNUM,NODE,0 !不显示节点编号!* /PNUM,ELEM,0 !不显示单元编号/REPLOT !重新绘制!* LPLOT !绘制线图，带编号，如图6-8所示。SAVE !保存数据库创建面。本次的计算区域为横向130m，竖向为60m，即左右两侧计算边界为4倍左右双线隧道总跨度，下部边界为2倍隧道总高度。Al, 35, 1, 36, !采用线创建面，依次创建27个面Al, 36, 2, 34, Al, 34, 9, 37, Al, 37, 3, 35, !左隧道内核心土4个面绘制完成Al, 54, 4, 58, 1,Al, 58, 5, 59, 2, Al, 59, 8, 61, 9, Al, 61, 6, 54, 3, !左隧道加固圈土4个面绘制完成Al, 39, 10, 40, Al, 40, 7, 38, Al, 38, 11, 41, Al, 41, 16, 39, !右隧道内核心土4个面绘制完成Al, 43, 13, 42, 10,Al, 42, 12, 45, 7, Al, 45, 14, 44, 11, Al, 44, 15, 43, 16, !右隧道加固圈土4个面绘制完成Al, 55, 51, 32, 57, 4,Al, 57, 33, 60, 5, Al, 60, 18, 21, 56, 8, Al, 56, 22, 52, 55, 6, !左隧道外围土体4个面绘制完成Al, 47, 48, 29, 30, 53, 13,Al, 53, 31, 51, 46, 12, Al, 46, 52, 23, 50, 14, Al, 50, 24, 49, 47, 15, !右隧道外围土体4个面绘制完成Al, 18, 19, 20, 17, !左侧边境1个面绘制完成Al, 49, 25, 26, 62, Al, 62, 27, 28, 48, !右侧边境2个面绘制完成/PNUM,KP,0 /PNUM,LINE,0/PNUM,AREA,1APLOT !绘制带编号的面, 生成的面如图6-9所示。SAVE !保存数据,3 创建网格模型设置线被划分的单元数。LESIZE,_Y1, , ,8, , , , ,1lesize,1,8,1 !设置单元大小, 即L1线划分成8个单元TYPE, 1 !设置将要创建单元的类型MAT, 1 !设置将要创建单元的材料REAL, 1 !设置将要创建单元的几何常数/PNUM,LINE,1 !显示线编号LPLOT !绘制线图，带编号和单元数。Save !按照“lesize,1,8,1”格式，将其他61条线也进行被划分单元数设置，其线的编号和被划分的单元数如表6-3所示，划分好后如图6-10所示。表6-1 设置线单元数NL(NDIV)NL(NDIV)NL(NDIV)NL(NDIV)NL(NDIV)358398544554514368408584574324348388594604224378418614564524187843447418428108424534214981184544642043816844450419448128314301174581382642922446814825104854948815862102752810338234将所有面划分单元，其单元图如图6-11所示。AMAP,1,14,19,20, !划分面1，依次单击关键点14、19、20进行映射划分AMAP,2,14,20,21,AMAP,3,14,21,31,AMAP,4,14,31,19, !面1到4，为左隧道内开挖土体AMAP,9,60,46,45,AMAP,10,60,45,44, AMAP,11,60,44,47, AMAP,12,60,47,46, !面9到12，为右隧道内开挖土体AMAP,7,21,34,51,31 AMAP,8,31,51,32,19 !面7和8，为左隧道仰拱下土体AMAP,15,44,52,55,47 AMAP,16,47,55,54,46 !面15和16，为右隧道仰拱下土体TYPE, 1 !转换为加固圈土体单元类型和材料MAT, 2AMAP,5,19,32,33,20 !划分左隧道加固圈土体AMAP,6,20,33,34,21 AMAP,13,46,54,53,45 !划分右隧道加固圈土体AMAP,14,45,53,52,44TYPE, 1 !转换为普通土体单元类型和材料MAT, 1AMAP,17,32,56,12,33 !划分左隧道周边区域面AMAP,18,33,12,8,34 AMAP,19,34,8,11,51 AMAP,20,51,11,56,32 AMAP,21,54,57,13,53 !划分右隧道周边区域面AMAP,22,53,13,56,52 AMAP,23,52,56,10,55 AMAP,24,55,10,57,54 AMAP,25,7,8,6,3 !划分左隧道边界面AMAP,26,58,2,9,57 !划分左隧道边界面AMAP,27,57,9,4,59 SAVE !保存数据，本次共划分成1002个四边形单元创建模拟喷射混凝土的梁单元。TYPE, 2 !设置将要创建单元的类型MAT, 3 !设置将要创建单元的材料REAL, 1 !设置将要创建单元的几何常数E,2,11 !通过两个节点创建梁单元E,11,12E,12,13E,13,14E,14,15E,15,16E,16,17E,17,10E,10,63E,63,64E,64,65E,65,66E,66,67E,67,68E,68,69E,69,62E,62,122E,122,123E,123,124E,124,125E,125,126E,126,127E,127,128E,128,114E,114,172E,172,171E,171,170E,170,169E,169,168E,168,167E,167,166E,166,2 !以上梁单元为左隧道喷射混凝土部分Save !保存数据E,211,226E,226,225E,225,224E,224,223E,223,222E,222,221E,221,220E,220,219E,219,278E,278,277E,277,276E,276,275E,275,274E,274,273E,273,272E,272,271E,271,331E,331,332E,332,333E,333,334E,334,335E,335,336E,336,337E,337,323E,323,318E,323,381E,381,380E,380,379E,379,378E,378,377E,377,376E,376,375E,375,211 !以上梁单元为右隧道喷射混凝土部分SAVE !保存数据创建CRD开挖中模拟临时支撑的梁单元，如图6-12所示。TYPE, 2 !设置将要创建单元的类型MAT, 3 !设置将要创建单元的材料REAL, 1 !设置将要创建单元的几何常数E,1 ,18 !通过两个节点创建梁单元E,18,19E,19,20E,20,21E,21,22E,22,23E,23,24E,24,10E,1,76E,76,75E,75,74E,74,73E,73,72E,72,71E,71,70E,70,62E,1,115E,115,116E,116,117E,117,118E,118,119E,119,120E,120,121E,121,114E,1,3E,3,4E,4,5E,5,6E,6,7E,7,8E,8,9E,9,2 !以上梁单元为左隧道临时支撑喷射混凝土部分Save !保存数据E,210,227E,227,228E,228,229E,229,230E,230,231E,231,232E,232,233E,233,219E,210,285E,285,284E,284,283E,283,282E,282,281E,281,280E,280,279E,279,271E,210,324E,324,325E,325,326E,326,327E,327,328E,328,329E,329,330E,330,323E,210,212E, 212,213E,213,214E,214,215E,215,216E,216,217E,217,218E,218,211Finish !返回上级目录SAVE !保存数据以上梁单元为右隧道临时支撑喷射混凝土部分，共128个梁单元。6.1.2 加载与自重应力场求解/SOL !进入求解器NSEL,S,LOC,X,-65.1,-64.9NSEL,A,LOC,X,64.9,65.1 d,all,ux,0 !在选择的节点上施加“Ux”约束Allsel !选择所有内容NSEL,S,LOC,Y,-22.5,-22.1d,all,uy,0 !在选择的节点上施加“Uy”约束ACEL, 0, 10, 0, !在Y方向施加重力加速度SAVE !施加了位移约束和自重应力场后见图6-13所示。NROPT, FULL, , !采用全牛顿拉普森法进行求解Allsel !选择所有内容ESEL,S,TYPE,2 !选择2类单元Ekill,all !对选择的单元给予“死属性”Allsel !选择所有内容Solve !求解计算Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单SAVE竖向位移（PLNSOL,U,Y,0,1）和应力（PLNSOL,S,Y,0,1）如图6-14和图6-15所示。6.1.3 先左洞后右洞开挖模拟分析1 左洞左上部分土体开挖施工模拟分析开挖土体。/post1Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单/SOL !进入求解器Allsel !选择所有内容ANTYPE,REST,1,13,0 !重新启动求解器ASEL,S, , , 2 !选择左洞左上部分土体面ESLA,R !选择左洞左上部分土体单元Ekill,all !对选择的单元给予“死属性”Save 进行喷锚支护，即激活喷射混凝土衬砌梁单元和临时支撑单元。Allsel !选择所有内容ESEL,S,TYPE,2 !选择2类单元Ekill,all !对选择的单元给予“死属性”Allsel !选择所有内容lsel,s,2, !选择梁单元所在的线lsel,a,34,36,2,NSLL,R,1 !选择线上的节点ESLN,R,1 !选择节点上的单元ESEL,R,TYPE,2 !选择2类单元Ealive,all !对选择的单元给予“生属性”Save 节点力计算。FINISH /POST1 !进入后处理器Allsel !选择所有内容ESEL,S, , , !人工手动选择开挖土体周围的一圈单元图6-16所示NFORCE,ALL !对选择的节点求解节点力Save FINISH /sol !进入求解理器节点力施加，加上节点力和位移边界条件后的模型如图6-17所示。f,1,fx,4.37E-09 !施加X方向集中力f,1,fx,-0.4743E+05 !施加Y方向集中力f,1,fy,0.9367E+05f,10,fx,-0.4789E+05f,10,fy,-0.1099E+06f,18,fx,-0.1116E+06f,18,fy,-0.2069E+05f,19,fx,-0.1041E+06f,19,fy,-0.2041E+05f,20,fx,-0.9727E+05f,20,fy,-0.2031E+05f,21,fx,-0.9131E+05f,21,fy,-0.2034E+05f,22,fx,-0.8623E+05f,22,fy, -0.2040E+05f,23,fx,-0.8191E+05f,23,fy,-0.2042E+05f,24,fx,-0.7817E+05f,24,fy,-0.2032E+05f,62,fx,0.7342E+05f,62,fy,0.6471E+05f,63,fx,-5701f,63,fy,-0.1873E+06f,64,fx,0.2051E+05f,64,fy,-0.1652E+06f,65,fx,0.4760E+05f,65,fy,-0.1410E+06f,66,fx,0.7627E+05f,66,fy,-0.1149E+06f,67,fx,0.1060E+06f,67,fy,-0.8668E+05f,68,fx,0.1340E+06f,68,fy,-0.5737E+05f,69,fx,0.1507E+06f,69,fy,-0.2829E+05f,70,fx,0.1678E+05f,70,fy,0.1740E+06f,71,fx,0.1940E+05f,71,fy,0.1803E+06f,72,fx,0.2109E+05f,72,fy,0.1853E+06f,73,fx,0.2143E+05f,73,fy,0.1903E+06f,74,fx,0.2161E+05f,74,fy,0.1953E+06f,75,fx,0.2150E+05f,75,fy,0.2002E+06f,76,fx,0.2133E+05f,76,fy,0.2051E+06求解计算。Allsel !选择所有内容Solve !求解计算Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单SAVE后处理，两个方向的应力和位移，如图6-18图6-21所示。/post1PLNSOL,U,X,0,1 ! X方向位移PLNSOL,U,Y,0,1 ! Y方向位移PLNSOL,S,X,0,1 ! X方向应力PLNSOL,S,Y,0,1 ! Y方向应力Finish !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单SAVE计算下一步开挖计算所施加的节点力，如图6-22所示。ESEL,S, , , !人工手动选择开挖土体周围的一圈单元NFORCE,ALL !对选择的节点求解节点力FINISH !求解结束返回Main Menu 主菜单Save 2 左洞左下部分土体开挖施工模拟分析开挖土体。/SOL !进入求解器Allsel !选择所有内容ANTYPE,REST,2,13,0 !重新启动求解器ASEL,S, , , 2,3,1 !选择左洞左上和左下部分土体面ESLA,R !选择左洞左上和左下部分土体单元Ekill,all !对选择的单元给予“死属性”Save 进行喷锚支护，即激活喷射混凝土衬砌梁单元和临时支撑单元。Allsel !选择所有内容ESEL,S,TYPE,2 !选择2类单元Ekill,all !对选择的单元给予“死属性”Allsel !选择所有内容lsel,s,2,9,7, !选择梁单元所在的线lsel,a,36,37,1,NSLL,R,1 !选择线上的节点ESLN,R,1 !选择节点上的单元ESEL,R,TYPE,2 !选择2类单元Ealive,all !对选择的单元给予“生属性”Save 节点力施加，加上节点力和位移边界条件后的模型如图6-23所示。f,1,fx,-0.7585E
