剑桥雅思6听力第一套试题Section-4.pdf

剑桥雅思 6-第一套试题-听力局部-Section 4SECTION 4SECTION 4Questions 31-40Questions 31-40Questions 31-37Questions 31-37Complete the table below.Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDSNO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Social history of the East End of LondonPeriodPeriod1st-4th centuries5th-10th centuries11th centurySituationSituationProduce from the area was used to 31.the people of London.New technology allowed the production of goodsmade of 32. and. .Lack of 33. in the East End encouragedthe growth of businesses.Construction of facilities for the building of16th century34. stimulated international trade.Agricultural workers came from other parts of35. to look for work.Marshes were drained to provide land that couldbe 36. on.Inhabitants lived in conditions of great37. with very poor sanitation.17th century19th centuryQuestions 38-40Questions 38-40Choose THREE letters, A-G.Which THREE of the following problems are mentioned in connection with 20thcentury housing in the East End?Aunsympathetic landlordsBunclean waterCheating problemsDhigh rentsEovercrowdingFpoor standards of buildingGhouses catching fire场景：伦敦东部历史的讲座本文介绍了伦敦东部的历史，讲述了公元1 世纪被罗马帝国侵占的伦敦，到中世纪时期被盎格鲁-撒克逊人(现今德国、丹麦一带)占领，以至 16 世纪至今在当地发生的一切变化。2003 年在英国出现过一部热门电视剧East Enders，描述的就是这一地区普通居民的生活现状。这一地区从历史上就是普通工人阶层的聚集地， 生活质量相对较差，所以在英国也是社会热点关注。本节必备词汇、词组本节必备词汇、词组East End 伦敦东部 eventually adv.最终地head v.朝走去 economically adv.经济地livestock n.家畜 alternative n.选择feed v.喂养 marshland n.沼泽invasion n.侵略 drained adj.已排水的tribe n.部落 port n.港口leather n.皮革，皮革制品 poverty n.贫困conquer 征服，克服 suffer v.折磨prosperous adj.繁荣的，兴旺的 appalling adj.令人毛悚然的restriction n.限制 sanitary adj.卫生的newcomer n.新来的人 tenant n.佃户，房客merchant n.商人 landlord n.房主，房东money-lender n.借款人，债主 electricity n.电dock n.船坞 implication n.含意，暗指construct v.建造，建设 nutrition n.营养词汇拓展词汇拓展lifestyle n.生活方式 primarily adv.根本地，最初地industry n.工业，产业 particular adj.特别的cattle n.牲畜 retire v.退休coastline n.海岸线 vital adj.致命的，重要的downside n.劣势，害处 cultivate v.培养afford v.负担得起 nourishing adj.有营养的文本及疑难解析文本及疑难解析1. Back in the first to the fourth centuries AD, when the Romans controlledEngland, London grew into a town of 45,000 people, and whats now the EastEndthe area by the river Thames, and along the road heading north-eastLondon to the coastconsisted of farmland with crops and livestock whichhelped to feed that population.公元 1 世纪至公元 4 世纪，当罗马帝国统治英格兰时，伦敦开展成了一个拥有4 万 5 千人的城镇，也就是现今的伦敦东区。伦敦东区位于泰晤士河附近，沿着伦敦东北走向的公路一直通向海岸， 在这块海岸上，耕种及畜牧业是当时人民赖以为生的方式。2. In the eleventh century, in 1066 to be precise, the Normans conqueredEngland, and during the next few centuries London became one of the mostpowerful and prosperous cities in Europe.在 11 世纪，更确切地说，是在1066 年，诺尔曼人侵占了英格兰。 在接下来的几个世纪中， 伦敦成为了欧洲最强大和最繁荣的城市之一。诺尔曼人指现今的法国人，1066 年后，法国对英格兰又进行了上百年的统治，由此出现了“百年战争以及英法之间至今都存在的敌对情绪。3. The East End benefited from this, and because there were fewerrestrictions there than in the city itself, plenty of newcomers settled there fromabroad, bringing their skills as workers, merchants or money-lenders during thenext few hundred years.伦敦东部受益于此，而且当地的限制并没有伦敦市内多。许多人在接下来的几个世纪中从国外来这里定居，有工人、商人或是放贷者。4. In the seventeenth century, the East End was still a series of separate,semi-rural settlements.在 17 世纪， 伦敦东部仍然是一块偏僻的、 半乡村的移民居住地。这里的 separate 可理解为“偏僻的。semi-直接翻译成中文为“半，例如半脱脂牛奶是semi-skimmed milk。5. There was a shortage of accommodation, so marshland was drained andbuilt on to house the large numbers of people now living there. 那时住宿是一个巨大的问题， 因此沼泽地被抽干用来建造房屋， 为那里的很多人提供了住处。 此句中的 house为动词，理解为“为提供住处。6. Those who could afford to live in more pleasant surroundings move out,and the area became one where the vast majority of people lived in extremepoverty，and suffered from appalling sanitary conditions. 那些能够负担得起更好居住环境的人搬走了， 这个地区成为了极贫困人群的居住地， 并遭受着极严重的卫生问题的折磨。7. But the poor and needy were attracted by the possibility of work, andthey had to be housed.那些贫困的和生活艰难的人被这里的工作时机吸引过来，而且他们也需要有地方住。8. It was the availability, rather than the condition, of the housing that wasthe major concern for tenants and landlords alike.对房东及房客来说，最重要的问题是有没有房子，而不是房子的条件如何。9. Few houses had electricity at this time, so other sources of power wereused, like coal for the fires which heated perhaps just one room.那时很少有房子能用上电，因此也利用其他能源，例如人们用煤来点火，但那也只能为一个房间供暖。题目解析题目解析第 3137 题为表格填空题。 此题关键在于能否抓住核心词以帮助定位答案。 题目中所有的世纪(period)在原文中均有重现，难点在于右边一列的内容是否能够在原文中分辨清楚，这就要求考生能够把握题干中的核心词及其近义词，并在听的过程中做出快速反响。SituationSituationProduce from the area was used to feedthe people of London.New technology allowed the productionof goods made of metal and leather.Lack of restrictions in the East Endencouraged the growth of business.Construction of facilities for thebuilding of ships stimulatedinternational trade.Agricultural workers came from otherparts of England to look for work.TapescriptTapescriptconsisted of farmland with crops andlivestock which helped to feed thatpopulation.The technology they introduced meantthat metal and leather goods wereproduced there for the first time.The East End benefited from this，andbecause there were fewer restrictionsthere than in the city itself.In the sixteenth century the first dockwas dug where ships were constructed.And in the late sixteenth century. whenmuch of the rest of England wassufferingeconomically, a lot ofagricultural workers came toThere was a shortage ofaccommodation, so marshland wasdrained and built on to house the largenumbers of people now living there.and the area became one where thevast majority of people lived in extremepoverty, and suffered from appallingsanitary conditions.Marshes were drained to provide landthat could be built on.Inhabitants lived in conditions of greatpoverty with very poor sanitation.第3840题为选择题。 其中， 第38题的overcrowding在原文中的表达为crowded；第 39 题选项中的 heating 一词在原文中为 heated perhaps just in the room。难点在于第 40 题，选项 F 的 poor standard of living在原文中没有同义词表达，但用排除法依然可以得出答案，因为另外几个选项在文中根本没有涉及。