常用临床医学术语4.doc

如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流常用临床医学术语4【精品文档】第 16 页·patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)动脉导管未闭·auricular (ventricular) septal defect(ASD/VSD) 房（室）间隔缺损·endocardial cushion defect 心内膜垫缺损·coarctation of aorta 主动脉缩窄·rheumatic heart disease风湿性心脏病·pulmonary (mitral, aortic, tricuspid) stenosis (regurgitation)肺动脉（二尖， 主动脉，三尖）瓣狭窄（关闭不全）·dilated (hypertrophic) cardiomyopathy扩张（肥厚）型心肌病·stenosis of right ventricular outflow tract右室流出道狭窄·coronary fistula冠脉瘘·transposition of great artery 大动脉转位·double outlet of right ventricle 右室双出口·Ebsteins anomaly爱勃斯坦畸形·Eisenmengers (Budd-Chiaris, Lutembachers) syndrome爱森曼格（布-加， 鲁登巴哈）氏综合征·trilogy (tetralogy) of Fallot 法乐氏三（四）联症·coronary artery disease (CAD)冠心病·carcinoma of esophagus 食管癌·esophagocele食道疝·esohageal diverticulum食管憩室·thymoma 胸腺瘤·tumor of mediastinum纵隔肿瘤·diaphragmatic hernia膈疝(13)骨科和创伤外伤疾病diseases of orthopedics and trauma·complete (incomplete, closed, open, habitual, pathologic) dislocation完全性 （不完全性，闭合，开放，习惯性，病理性）脱位·dislocation of elbow (hip) joint 肘（髋）关节脱位·dislocation of shoulder肩关节脱位·closed (open, compression, epiphysial, stress, impacted, multiple, pathological)fracture闭合性（开放性，压缩性，骨骺，疲劳，嵌入性， 多发性，病理性）骨折·fracture of humeral shaft (head)肱骨干（头）骨折·fracture of scapula肩胛骨骨折·clavicular fracture 锁骨骨折·Smith fracture 史密斯骨折·fracture of the femoral neck (shaft) 股骨颈（干）骨折·fracture of patella 髌骨骨折·fracture of sacrum (coccyx,pubis)骶骨（尾骨，耻骨）骨折·acute (chronic, pyogenic) osteomyelitis急（慢，化脓）性骨髓炎·bone tuberculosis 骨结核·rheumatoid (traumatic) arthritis 类风湿（外伤性）性关节炎·gout痛风·osteomalacia骨质软化病·rickets佝偻病·genu varum (valgum)膝内（外）翻·wry neck (torticollis)斜颈·spina bifida manifesta(occulta)显（隐）性脊柱裂·syndactylia (polydactylia) 并（多）指（趾）·flat foot 平足·scoliosis脊柱侧凸·aseptic necrosis无菌性坏死·scapulohumeral periarthritis肩周炎·rupture of tendon肌腱断裂·neurological (skin, soft tissue, vascular) injury神经（皮肤，软组织，血管） 损伤·ischemic contracture缺血性肌挛缩·tennis players elbow网球运动员肘·synovitis (bursitis)滑膜（滑囊）炎·ligamentous sprain (strain, avulsion tear)韧带扭伤（劳损，撕脱伤，撕裂 伤）·seperation of the symphysis pubis 耻骨联合分离·fragility of bone脆骨病·osteoma (chondroma)骨（软骨）瘤·osteochondroma (osteoid osteoma)骨软骨瘤（骨样骨瘤）·bone cyst骨囊肿·osteoblastoma (osteoclastoma)成（破）骨细胞瘤·chondroblastoma成软骨细胞瘤·giant-cell tumor of bone骨巨细胞瘤·osteosarcoma (chondrosarcoma)（软）骨肉瘤·fibrosarcoma of bone骨纤维肉瘤·hemangioma血管瘤·multiple myeloma(MM)多发性骨髓瘤·metastatic tumor of bone转移性骨肿瘤·congenital deformity先天性畸形·Marfans syndrome 马凡氏综合征·obstetic (cerebral) palsy产伤性（大脑性）瘫·osteoporosis骨质疏松·ankylosing spondylitis强直性脊柱炎·cervical spondylosis颈椎病·chondrophyte 软骨疣·disc degeneration 椎间盘退行性病变·degenerative joint disease退行性关节病变·frozen shoulder冻肩·ganglion腱鞘囊肿·osteoarthrosis骨关节病·sciatica坐骨神经痛·carpal tunnel syndrome腕管综合征·tenosynovitis腱鞘炎·trigger finger板机指·acromegaly肢端肥大症·Kaschin-Back disease大骨节病·hemarthrosis关节积血·cold(paravertebral, psoas, soft tissue, sub-periosteal)abscess冷（椎旁，腰大 肌，软组织，骨膜下）脓肿·contusion (sprain, abrasion, concussion, avulsion, laceration)挫（扭，擦， 震荡，撕脱，裂）伤·crush (cold) injury 挤压（冻）伤·punctured (penetrating, perforating, incised) wound 刺（穿入，贯通，割） 伤·rabies狂犬病·tetanus 破伤风·snake bite蛇咬伤·first (second, third) degree burn一(二，三)度烧伤·electric (chemical) burn电（化学）烧伤·fracture of skull颅骨骨折·cerebral concussion (contusion)脑震荡（挫伤）·open(closed) trauma开放（闭合）性外伤·intestinal trauma (injury)肠外伤·liver (pancreas) injury肝（胰腺）外伤·rupture of spleen(kidney)脾（肾）破裂(14)脑外科疾病diseases of brain surgery·brain abscess脑脓肿·extradural (subdural) abscess (tumor)硬膜外（下）脓肿（肿瘤）·acoustic neuroma听神经瘤·meningocele (meningoencephalocele)脑膜膨出·spinal meningocele脊膜膨出·hydrocephalus脑积水·ylioma (neurofibroma)神经胶质（神经纤维）瘤·meningioma脑膜瘤·pituitary adenoma垂体腺瘤·craniopharyngioma颅咽管瘤·cysticercosis (paragonimiasis, schistosomiasis) of brain脑囊虫（肺吸虫，血 吸虫）病·cerebral bleeding (embolism) 脑出血（栓塞）·cerebral hemorrhage (infarction)脑出血（梗死）·cerebral trauma脑外伤·cerebral aneurysm脑动脉瘤·cerebrovascular malformation脑血管畸形·arteriovenous malformation of brain脑动静脉畸形·intracerebral hematoma脑内血肿·hemorrhage of internal capsule内囊出血·hemorrhage of brain stem脑干出血·cerebromalacia脑软化·cerebral edema脑水肿·cerebrovascular accident脑血管意外·metastatic encephaloma转移性脑瘤·epilepsy癫痫·Parkisons disease帕金森氏病·intracranial hypertension颅内压升高·basicranial fracture 颅底骨折·intracranial space-occupying lesion颅内占位性病变·ependymal cyst (ependymoma)室管膜囊肿（瘤）·cerebral atrophy脑萎缩·encephalocele脑疝(15)泌尿外科疾病urological diseases·polycystic kidney多囊肾·phimosis (redundant prepuce)包茎（包皮过长）·hypospadias (epispadias)尿道下（上）裂·cryptorchidism隐睾·ectopia (torsion) of testis睾丸异位（扭转）·extrophy of bladder 膀胱外翻·hydrocalyx 肾盏积水·hydronephrosis肾积水·stricture of ureter输尿管狭窄·obstruction of urethra尿道梗阻·renal (ureteral) injury肾（输尿管）损伤·injury of bladder (urethra, penis, scrotum)膀胱（尿道，阴茎，阴囊）损伤·condyloma acuminate 尖锐湿疣·balanitis (balanoposthitis)阴茎头（包皮）炎·cavernositis of the penis阴茎海绵体炎·chancroid软下疳·cystitis膀胱炎·soft (hard) chancre软（硬）下疳·hypertrophy of prostate 前列腺肥大·eczema of the scrotum (external genitalia)阴囊（外生殖器）湿疹·acute (chronic) pyelonephritis 急（慢）性肾盂肾炎·pyelitis肾盂炎·pyonephritis肾积脓·trichomonal prostatitis滴虫性前列腺炎·perinephritis 肾周围炎·abscess of the kidney (perinephric)肾（周脓肿）·acute (chronic) cystitis急（慢）性膀胱炎·gonorrheal prostatitis(seminal vesiculitis, epididymitis, urethritis)淋球菌性前 列腺炎（精囊炎，附睾炎，尿道炎）·gonorrhea淋病·bacterial urethritis细菌性尿道炎·tuberculosis of kidney (prostate, seminal vesicle, epididymis)肾（前列腺， 精囊，附睾）结核·contracted bladder挛缩性膀胱·renal (ureteral, vesicle) calculus肾（输尿管，膀胱）结石·carcinoma (embryoma) of kidney肾癌（胚胎瘤）·papilloma (papillary carcinoma) of renal pilvis(ureter, penis, bladder)肾盂（输 尿管，阴茎，膀胱）乳头状瘤（癌）·infiltrative carcinoma of bladder膀胱浸润性癌·caruncle of urethra尿道肉阜·teratoma (seminoma) of testis睾丸畸胎瘤（精原细胞癌）·carcinoma (sarcoma) of prostate 前列腺癌（肉瘤）·nephroptosis肾下垂·hydrocele of the spermatic cord (testis)精索（睾丸）鞘膜积液·varicolele of spermatic cord精索静脉曲张·elephantiasis of scrotum (penis)阴囊（阴茎）橡皮肿·intrascrotal filariasis阴囊内丝虫病·chyluria (bacteriuria)乳糜（细菌）尿·Cushing syndrome 柯兴综合征·primary (secondary) aldosteronism 原（继）发性醛固酮增多症·virilism女性男性化·adrenal pheochromocytoma肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤·adenocarcinoma of bladder (prostate)膀胱（前列腺）腺癌·clear (granular) cell carcinoma of kidney 肾透明（颗粒）细胞癌·leiomyosarcoma of the bladder膀胱平滑肌肉瘤·polyp of the ureter输尿管息肉·urethrorectal (urethrovaginal, vesicorectal, visicovaginal) fistula尿道直肠（尿 道阴道，膀胱直肠，膀胱阴道）瘘·hematoma of the scrotum阴囊血肿·rupture of the bladder (renal pedicle)膀胱（肾蒂）破裂·acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)爱滋病（获得性免疫缺陷综 合征）·thrombosis of the renal artery肾动脉血栓形成·renal artery stenosis肾动脉狭窄·acute tubular necrosis急性肾小管坏死·amyloidosis of the kidney肾淀粉样变·neurogenic bladder神经性膀胱·male(female) infertility男（女）性不育症·azoospermia (aspermia)无精症·necrospermia死精症·asthenospermia (aspermatogenesis) 精子活力（生成）不足·impotencec(y)阴萎·asexuality无性欲·hyposexuality (hypersexuality)性欲低下（旺盛）·nocturnal emission遗精·ejaculatio praecox早泄·male sterility (contraception)男性绝（节）育·apareunia (dyspareunia)性交不能（困难）·penile chordee阴茎痛性勃起·sexual experience (hygiene, impulse, development, behavior, life, intercourse, precocity, stimulate, satisfaction)性经历（卫生，冲动，发育，行为，生活， 性交，早熟，刺激，满足）·rectal (oral) intercourse肛（口）交·sodomy 鸡奸·masturbation手淫·rape强奸·aidoiomania (furor genitalis)色情狂·homosexuality同性恋·necromania (bestiality)尸（兽）奸·sadism施虐狂·sexual abuse性虐待·incest乱伦·voyeurism窥淫癖·pedophilia恋儿癖·fetishism恋物癖·transsexualism变性癖(16)妇产科疾病diseases of obstetrics and gynecology(1)妇科疾病obstetrics diseases·vulvitis外阴炎·chronic vulvar dystrophy慢性外阴营养不良·pruritus (leucoderma, albinism) vulvae外阴瘙痒（白斑，白化病）·Bartholins gland cyst (abscess)前庭大腺囊肿（脓肿）·trichomonas (monilial, senile) vaginitis (colpitis)滴虫（念珠菌，老年）性 阴道炎·cervical erosion (hypertrophy, polyp, cyst)宫颈糜烂（肥大，息肉，囊肿）·cervicitis宫颈炎·salpingitis (ovaritis) 输卵管（卵巢）炎·pelvic parametritis 盆腔结缔组织炎·tuberculosis of the ovary (endometrium, pelvic peritoneum, uterine tube)卵巢 （子宫内膜，盒腔腹膜，输卵管）结核·gonorrhea淋病·papilloma(fibroma, lipoma) of vulva外阴乳头状瘤（纤维瘤，脂肪瘤）·squamocellular (basal cell) carcinoma of vulva外阴鳞状上皮（基底）细胞 癌·malignant melanoma恶性黑色素瘤·Paget disease派杰病·Bowens disease表皮内癌·cervical carcinoma宫颈癌·leiomyoma of uterus子宫平滑肌瘤·submucous (subserous, intramural)myoma粘膜下（浆膜下，肌壁间）子宫 肌瘤·multiple myomata of uterus多发性子宫肌瘤·leiomyosarcoma平滑肌肉瘤·carcinoma of endometrium子宫内膜癌·follicle cyst (teratoma, cystadenoma, corpus luteum) of ovarium卵巢卵泡囊 肿（畸胎瘤，囊腺瘤，黄体囊肿）·carcinoma of the fallopian tube输卵管癌·heterotopia endometriosis子宫内膜异位症·polycystic ovary多囊卵巢·amenorrhea (menopause, dysmenorrhea)闭（停，痛）经·dysfunctional menstrual disorder功能失调月经紊乱·pyemenstrual tension syndrome 经前期紧张综合征·menopausal (climacteric) syndrome更年期综合征·cystocele (rectocele)膀胱（直肠）膨出·prolapse of uterus子宫脱垂·imperforate hymen处女膜闭锁·congenital absence of vagine (uterus)先天性无阴道（子宫）·double vagina双阴道·atresia (stenosis) of vagine阴道闭锁（狭窄）·transverse (longitudinal) vaginal septum阴道横（纵）隔·uterine hypoplasia (infantile uterus)子宫发育不良（幼稚子宫）·double uterus (didelphia) 双子宫·uterus bicornis (unicornis)双（单）角子宫·primordial (solidary) uterus始基（实性）子宫·uterus duplex (septus)重复纵隔子宫·ovarian hypoplasia 卵巢发育不良·true (pseudo) hermaphroditism真（假）两性畸形·infertility不孕症·ambivalent两性人·rectovaginal (urethrovaginal, vesicocervical, vesicovaginal,ureterovaginal) fistula 直肠阴道（尿道阴道，膀胱宫颈，膀胱阴道，输尿管阴道）瘘·hemorrhagia contactu接触性出血·herpes zoster带状疱疹(2)产科疾病gynecological diseases·threatened (habitual, inevitable) abortion先兆（习惯，难免）流产·complete (incomplete, missed) abortion 完全（不全，过期）流产·induced (artificial) abortion 人工流产·spontaneous abortion自然流产·criminal abortion堕胎·premature birth早产·extrauterine pregnancy 宫外孕·tubal (abdominal, cervical, ovarian, interstitial) pregnancy输卵管（腹腔，宫 颈，卵巢，间质部）妊娠·hyperemesis gravidarum (morning sickness)妊娠剧吐（晨吐）·edema-proteinuria hypertension (pregnancy-hypertension) syndrome妊高征·preeclampsia (eclampsia)（先兆）子痫·complete (partial, low lying) placenta previa 完全（部分，低置）性前置胎 盘·maginal (latae) placenta previa边缘性前置胎盘·placenta abruption (ablatio placenta)胎盘早剥·multiple pregnancy多胎妊娠·monozygotic (dizygotic) twins单（双）卵双胎·poly-(oligo-) hydramnios 羊水过多（少）·prolonged (delayed) pregnancy过期妊娠·fetal death (stillbirth) 死胎·stillborn (postmature delivery)死产·high risk pregnancy高危妊娠·uterine inertia (over-efficiency)宫缩乏力（过强）·generally contracted (flat, funnel, deformed) pelvis均小（扁平，漏斗，畸 形）骨盆·transversely (flat) contracted pelvis横径（扁平）狭窄骨盆·cervical (vulvar) edema宫颈（外阴）水肿·breech (shoulder, face) presentation臂（肩，面）先露·transverse lie横产·fetal macrosomia巨大胎儿·monster畸胎·hydrocephalus (anencephalus)脑积水（无脑儿）·conjoined twins联体双胎·fetal distress胎儿窘迫·rupture of uterus子宫破裂·postpartum hemorrhage due to (caused by) uterine inertia产后宫缩乏力性出 血·retained (adherent) placenta胎盘滞留（粘连）·placenta incarcerata(infarction)胎盘嵌顿（梗塞）·injuries of the soft birth canal软产道损伤·cervical (colpoperineal) laceration宫颈（会阴阴道）裂伤·premature rupture of membrane胎膜早破·prolapse of the umbilical cord脐带脱垂·umbilical cord round the neck脐带绕颈·too long (short) umbilical cord脐带过长（短）·knots (torsion) of umbilical cord脐带打结（扭转）·amniotic fluid embolism羊水栓塞·puerperal infection (heatstrok)产褥感染（中暑）·(malignant) hydatidiform mole (恶性)葡萄胎·choriocarcinoma 绒毛膜癌·antepartum fetal distress 产前胎儿窘迫·asphyxia neonatorum 新生儿窒息·intracranial hemorrhage颅内出血·cephalohematoma头颅血肿·painless childbirth无痛分娩·Rh blood gronp incompatibility Rh血型不合·subinvolation of uterus子宫复旧不全·induced delivery引产·galactostasis乳汁积滞·agalactia无乳·birth trauma产伤·aspiration pneumonia 吸入性肺炎·fetus in fetus 胎内胎·difficult (nature) delivery难（平）产·abdominal (forceps) delivery剖腹产（产钳分娩）(17)儿科疾病pediatrics diseases· intracranial hemorrhage (pneumonia, asphyxia, scleredema, septicemia, tetanus, hypocalcemia) of the newborn新生儿颅内出血（肺炎，窒息，硬 化症，败血症，破伤风，低血钙）·atelectasis neonatorum新生儿肺不张·neonatal jaundice新生儿黄疸·hemolytic(physiologic) jaundice溶血（生理）性黄疸·kernicterus核黄疸·hyaline membrane disease 肺透明膜病·hemolysis neonatorum新生儿溶血·necrotizing enterocolitis坏死性小肠结肠炎·omphalitis (omphalocele)脐炎（膨出）·umbilical hernia脐疝·cephalohematoma 头颅血肿·congenital torticollis先天性斜颈·malnutriton营养不良·thrush (eczema)鹅口疮（湿疹）·congenital atresia (stenosis) of esophagus (intestine)先天性食道（肠）闭锁 （狭窄）·congenital megacolon先天性巨结肠·infantile diarrhea婴儿腹泻·acute necrotizing enteritis急性坏死性肠炎·intussusception肠套叠·Keshan disease克山病·endocardial fibroelastosis心内膜弹力纤维增生症·purulent meningitis化脓性脑膜炎·epilepsy癫痫·viral encephalitis病毒性脑炎·cerebral palsy脑瘫·progressive muscular dystrophy 进行性肌营养不良·Kawasaki disease川崎病·cretinism呆小病·pituitary dwarfism 垂体性侏儒症·down syndrome先天愚型·von gierke disease肝糖原累积症·varicella (chickenpox)水痘·scarlet fever腥红热·whooping-congh百日咳·poliomyelitis脊髓灰质炎·mumps 流行性腮腺炎·rubella (measles)风（麻）疹·toxic bacillary dysentery 中毒性菌痢·acute miliary tuberculosis of the lung 急性粟粒性肺结核·tuberculous meningitis结核性脑膜炎·tuberculosis of tracheobronchial lymph node支气管淋巴结结核·primary complex原发综合征·ascariasis (enterobiasis, ancylostomiasis)蛔（蛲，钩）虫病·enuresis遗尿症·septicemia (toxemia, pyosepticemia)败（毒，脓毒）血症·simple obesity单纯性肥胖·immature (mature, pre-term, post-term, low weight) infant未成熟（成熟， 早产，过期产，低体重）儿·intestinal obstruction肠梗阻·meconium aspiration胎粪吸入·skull fracture 头颅骨折·infantile tetany婴儿手足搐搦症·pigeon breast鸡胸·rickets 佝偻病·congenital heart disease (PDA,ASD,VSD)先天性心脏病（动脉导管未闭， 房缺，室缺）(18)眼科疾病eye diseases·hordeolum麦粒肿·blepharadenitis (meibomianitis)睑板腺炎·chalazion睑板腺囊肿·blepharitis睑炎·blepharoclonus (blepharochalasis)眼睑阵挛（松弛）·entropion (ectropion)睑内（外）翻·essential (facial, habitual) blepharospasm自发（面神经，习惯）性睑痉挛·blepharoplegia睑麻痹·epicanthus内眦赘皮·trichiasis倒睫·blepharosynechia睑粘连·chemosis球结膜水肿·ptosis (blepharoptosis)上睑下垂·canaliculitis泪管炎·dacryostenosis泪管狭窄·acute (chronic) catarrhal conjunctivitis急（慢）性卡他性结膜炎