2022年中考被动语态讲解 .pdf

初二英语第五 &六讲被动语态姓名 _学校 _年级 _ 【学习目标】复习被动语态【知识要点】一般现在时、过去时，将来时，现在完成时及含情态动词的被动语态被动语态基本结构：be done 注意 :在被动语态里be 动词必不可少一般现在时的被动主语+be(am, is, are)+过去分词by sb(宾格)例句： A. I often clean the room. （主动句）被动句 ：The room is often cleaned by me. BI do my homework every day. （主动句）被动句 : My homework is done by me every day. C. He eats an apple every morning. （主动句）被动句 : An apple is eaten by him every morning. D. They like me very much. （主动句）被动句 : I am liked by them very much. 一般过去时的被动主语+be(was, were)+过去分词 +by sb(宾格 )A. I cleaned the room yesterday. （主动句）被动句 ：The room was often cleaned by me. BI did my homework yesterday. （主动句）被动句 : My homework was done by me yesterday. C. He ate an apple yesterday morning. （主动句）被动句 : An apple was eaten by him every morning. D. They liked me very much. （主动句）被动句 : I was like by them very much. 注意：主动语态的宾语是被动语态的主语，基本结构是be+done 一般将来时的被动主语+will be+ （过去分词） +by sb(宾语)A: I will do my homework. （主动句）被动句： My homework will be done by me. B: She is going to play games. （主动句）被动句 ： Games are going to be played by her. C. They will clean the room tomorrow. （主动句）被动句： The room will be cleaned by them tomorrow. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - D. He is going to watch the football match. （主动句）被动句 : The football match is going to be watched by him. 现在进行时的被动语态：Be(am, is, are) being done 表正在被 主动句： They are doing the homework now 被动句 : The homework is being done now. 现在完成时的被动语态：have/has been done Eg: My homework has been finished by me already. These apples have been eaten already. 情态动词的被动语态：can/must/may/should +be+done Eg: Your homework must be finished now. You should be punished by your father. 动词过去分词规则：1.一般加： ed, 如： askasked, look-looked 2.有 e 的直接加 : d, 如： dancedanced 3.有辅音 +y 结尾直接变y 为 I 加 ed, 如： carrycarried 4.双写的情况，如：stopstopped不能用被动语态的几种情况1.表示归属的动词，如have、own、belong to 等。I have a book= The book belongs to me. 2.有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义，特别是当主语是物时，常见的动词有sell、write 、wash、 open、lock 等。注意：主动表被动强调的是主语的特征This kind of radio doesnt sell well 这种收音机不太畅销。The shop opens at eight oclock这个商店八点开门。Kates book reads like an interesting novel 凯特的这本书读起来像本有趣的小说主动形式表被动意义当 feel、look、smell、taste、sound 等后面接形容词时；当 cut、read、sell、 wear、write,wash 等词带状语修饰语时；表达某种性质。This kind of cloth washes easily. 这种布易洗。These novels won t sell well.这些小说不畅销。My pen writes smoothly. 我的钢笔写起来很流畅。The door won t lock.门锁不上。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - The fish smells good. 鱼闻起来香。be worth doing 用主动形式表示被动含义。表示“ 值得 ”The book is worthing reading. The clothes is worthing buying. 被动形式表示主动意义be seated坐着He is seated on a bench.（ He seats himself on a bench.）坐在凳子上。be dressed穿着The girl was dressed in a red short skirt. be lost 迷路The boy was lost in the forest. 【经典例题】一过去分词大集合1. cost _ 2.beat_ 3. cut（割）_ 4. become_ 5. hit（打）_ 6. sleep _ 7. keep _ 8. smell_ 9. lose _ 10. think_ 11. sell 12. teach 13. buy _ 14. ride _ 15. drive _ 16. swim_ 二.主动句变被动句练习（一）1.Wendy teaches English. 2.He often sings the song. 3.We speak English every day. 4.I see a bird in the sky. 5.I usually spend 10 yuan on my breakfast 6.My mother often make a cake for me. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - 7.He did his homework yesterday. 8.He buys a bottle of milk for breakfast every day. 9.Miss Ning taught English. 10. We spoke English before. 11. I saw a bird in the sky. 12. I spent 10 yuan on my breakfast 13. My mother made a cake for me. 14. He will finish his homework next week. 15. They are going to return the book. 【经典练习】一我的选择我做主( ) 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found ( ) 2 English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken ( ) 3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung ( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan. A. makes B. made C. is making D. is made ( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used ( ) 6 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep ( )7 -Id like to buy that coat. -Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold ( ) 8 A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building ( ) 9 The key _ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left ( ) 10 Doctors _ in every part of the world. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need ( ) 11 Japanese _ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking ( ) 12 These papers_yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written ( ) 13 The sports meet _ be held until next week. A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt ( ) 14 My shoes are worn out. _ A. Cant they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Cant they mended? ( ) 15 _ these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do ( ) 16 Why _ to talk about it yesterday? A. didnt a meeting hold B. wasnt a meeting held C. wasnt held a meeting D. a meeting wasnt held ( ) 17 Who was the book_? A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by ( ) 18 Where _ these boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am ( ) 19 The flowers_ often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water ( ) 20 The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow ( ) 21 The important meeting _ on a cold morning last year. A. was had B. was held C. held D. had 二用括号正确的词形式填空1. A new library _(build) in our city now. 2. We shall _ (ask) to attend the meeting. 3. He has worked in the factory since it _ (build) 10 years ago. 4. So far, many man-made satellites _(send)up into space. 5. The decision has to be _(make). 6. Sheep are _ (keep) by farmers for _ (produce) wool and mutton. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - 7. Computer science _(teach) now almost in all universities and institutes 8. The first railway in the world _ (design) in the last century. 【课后作业】完形世界It was cloudy that day. A man was sitting in a 21 office. He was telling the doctor about his 22 . “ I like football, doctor,” he said. “ Please help me. My life has 23 been a good one since I became 24 in football and it is getting worse and worse. I cant even 25 well at night. When I close my 26 , I m out there in the football field 27 after a flying ball. When I wake up, Im more 28 . What can I do now?” The doctor sat back and said, “You 29 to do your best not to dream about football. Before you are falling asleep, try to 30 about something else. If you do that, I think you will be better.”( ) 21. A. teachers B. doctorsC. post D. masters( ) 22. A. problem B. medicine C. question D. patience ( ) 23. A. even B. everC. never D. already ( ) 24. A. good B. interestedC. like D. well ( ) 25. A. read B. awakeC. sleep D. do ( ) 26. A. eyes B. doorsC. books D. ears ( ) 27. A. flying B. jumpingC. riding D. running ( ) 28. A. careful B. tiredC. important D. quick ( ) 29. A. have B. mustC. may D. can ( ) 30. A. see B. talkC. teach D. think 被动语态练习1. The flowers were so lovely that they _ in no time. (2007 海南卷 ) A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell 2. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where _ yet. (2007 浙江卷 ) A. hasn t been decided B. haven t decided C. isn t being decided D. aren t decided3. It is said that the early European playing-cards _ for entertainment and education. (2006 辽宁卷 ) A. were being designed B. were designed 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - C. have been designed D. have designed 4. Although the causes of cancer _, we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it. (2006 山东卷 ) A. are being uncovered B. have been uncovering C. are uncovering D. have uncovered 5. Millions of pounds worth of damage _ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. (2005 重庆卷 ) A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused 6. Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _ the Pacific, and we met no storms. (2005 辽宁卷 ) A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called 7. The moment the 28th Olympic Games _ open, the whole world cheered. (2006 福建卷 ) A. declared B. have been declared C. have declared D. were declared 8. Why did you leave that position? I _ a better position at IBM. (2005 北京卷 ) A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered 9. George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding? No, I _. Did they have a big wedding?(2004 湖北卷 ) A. was not invited B. have not been invited C. hadn t been invited D. didn t invite10. The hero s story _ differently in the news papers. (2005 全国 ) A. was reported B. was reporting C. reports D. reported 11. I hear that the meeting _ till tomorrow. A. was put off B. will put off C. has been put off D. is put off 12. I saw David in the supermarket this morning. Really? He _ around here for a long time. A. won t be seen B. wasn t seen C. hasn t been seen D. hadn t been seen 13. It is said that Beijing Olympic tickets can _ online from April, 2007. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - Yes, and I am sure the 110-meter hurdles tickets will _ well. A. be booked; be sold B. book; be sold C. be booked; sell D. book; sell 14. It is reported that the old coins _ under the earth for about 500 years by the time they were discovered. A. had buried B. had been buried C. buried D. were buried 15. People say that the repair of the old temple _ by 2008. A. has completed B. has been completed C. will have been completed D. is completed 阅读理解It was j ust three degrees above zero. “ That s cool,” thought Jane as she got ready to deliver her morning papers. Jane had 50 customers, and on a cold morning when she couldn t ride her bicycle, it took her more than an hour to make her rounds. As she collected h er papers and put them into a big canvas bag, Jane regretted that she hadnt finished her math homework the night before. There was still time. Shed hurry with the papers and finish the math before breakfast. Less than an hour later Jane was nearly finished. She had only five customers to go. She could then head for home to complete her math while her mom fixed breakfast. As she rounded the corner, she saw a car in the middle of the street. It was Mr. Zimmerman, the elderly man who walked with a walking stick. His car was out of gas. “ I d like to help Mr. Zimmerman, ” thought Jane, “ but if I do, I wont have time to do my homework. ” She hated to think what Mr. Roberts would say if she hadnt completed her papers.“ It s his own fault for running out of gas,” Jane talked to herself. “The station is only a half mile down the street. Surely Mr. Zimmerman can walk that far, even on a cold morning like this can t he? ” As she walked down the street, Jane wondered what to do1. Jane delivers her papers _. A. before she goes to school B. always on cold morning C. with the help of Mr. Zimmerman s carD. on the way to school 2. Mr. Zimmerman was old and _. A. couldn t drive wellB. would have nobody to help him C. was not rich enough to buy gas D. was not able to walk a long way 3. The best title for this reading should be _. A. Fifty Customers B. There s No Easy AnswerC. No Time to Finish Homework D. A Warm Morning for Jane 4. We know form the reading that _. A. Jane couldn t find any time to finish her homework名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - B. it took about an hour for Jane to send the papers C. Jane would have her breakfast in the school D. Jane likes to deliver papers on cold mornings 5 The reading doesn t say but we can infer that _. A. Jane bought the gas for Mr. Zimmerman B. usually Jane delivers papers by bike C. Mr. Roberts doesn t like Jane at schoolD. Mr. Zimmerman had to leave the car for Jane 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - -