2013年6月英语四级考试阅读真题及解析.docx

2013年6月英语四级考试阅读真题及解析2013年上半年的四级考试已完毕，以下是对四级阅读的解析及指导，盼望能对即将参与四级考试的考生有所扶植。这次四级细致阅读考试出题上照旧遵循之前的根本原则：按照原文自然依次出题、多以考察细微环节信息的理解为主、喜爱考察转折等重要逻辑现象处的信息、正确选项根本都是原文有明显来源的改写或是交换后的说法、错误选项迷惑性不强。文章选自洛杉矶时报等欧美主流网站，话题与我们日常生活还是比拟接近、不难看懂。文字难度与近两年四级根本相近，但可以看出对考生的单词驾驭与阅读长句的实力要求较高。不过若是之前系统打算近些年四级阅读的同学，对这次四级阅读考试的文章应不会感觉特殊吃力。下面我们对这次四级考试的几篇典型的细致阅读进展简洁的解析，供大家参考与体会。PassageOneJunk food is everywhere. Were eating waytoo much of it. Most of us know what were doing and yet we do it anyway。So here's a suggestion offered by tworesearchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol controlpolicies and apply them to where food is sold and how its displayed"Many policy measures to controlobesity (肥胖症)assume that people consciously and rationally choose what and howmuch they eat and therefore focus on providing information and more access tohealthier foods," note the two researchers。"In contrast," the researcherscontinue, "many regulations that don't assume people make rational choiceshave been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance - like food -of which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems."The research references studies of peoplesbehavior with food and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions, and thenlists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising if appliedto junk foods. Among them:Density restrictions: licenses to sellalcohol aren't handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted (安排)based onthe number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These make alcoholless easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink。Similarly, the researchers say, beingpresented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it. So why not limit thedensity of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in emptycalories And why not limit sale of food in places that arent primarily foodstoresDisplay and sales restrictions: Californiahas a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gasstations, and in most places you cant buy alcohol at drive-through facilities.At supermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they'reeasily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban themfrom the shelves at checkout lines. The other measures include restrictingportion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk foods, andplacing warning labels on the products。57. What does the author say about junkfoodA) People should be educated not to eat toomuch。B) It is widely consumed despite its illreputation。C) Its temptation is too strong for peopleto resist。D) It causes more harm than is generallyrealized。答案：B【解析】披着细微环节题皮的推理题：关于垃圾食品作者说了啥？关键词Junk food定位到第一段：Junk food is everywhere. Were eating way toomuch of it. Most of us know what were doing and yet wedo it anyway。垃圾食品满天飞，吃来吃去太长肥。虽知其害仍不舍，要肥大家一起肥。B的意思是垃圾食品名声虽恶还是被广泛消费，契合原文。另一条思路就是，yet与anyway表达的逻辑相反关系只有B能涵盖了。58. What do the Rand researchers think ofmany of the policy measures to control obesityA) They should be implemented effectively。B) They provide misleading information。C) They are based on wrong assumptions。D) They help people make rational choices。答案：C【解析】推理题：关于肥胖限制的许多政策，Rand探讨者怎么看？这篇文章最难的一题。由画线关键词定位至第三、四段(都有Rr的发言，表观点)。So here's a suggestion offered by two researchers at the RandCorporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply themto where food is sold and how its displayed" Many policy measures to control obesity (肥胖症)assumethat people consciously and rationally choose what and how much they eat andtherefore focus on providing information and more access to healthier foods 许多限制肥胖症的政策都是假设人们可以有意识且理性地选择吃什么、怎么吃【这句话本身无用】" note the two researchers。"In contrast相反【逻辑线索出现】," the researchers continue, "many regulations that don'tassume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to controlalcohol 那些没有假设人们会作出理智选择的法规却胜利控酒， a substance - like food - of which immoderate consumption leadsto serious health problems."一个“相反”后的胜利说明，许多限制肥胖症的政策失败，他们是要做出是负面评价。C的意思正好是，控肥政策是基于错误假设。59. Why do policymakers of alcohol controlplace density restrictionsA) Few people are able to resist alcoholstemptations。B) There are already too many storesselling alcohol。C) Drinking strong alcohol can cause socialproblems。D) Easy access leads to customers'over-consumption。答案：D【解析】细微环节题：为何控酒政策制定者们要实行浓度限制？定位到第五段：Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren't handed outunplanned to all comers but are allotted (安排)based on thenumber of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These make alcohol lesseasy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink. 浓度限购可使消费者买酒不易，并削减喝酒的心理示意。换个角度，之所以这么做，就是因为之前“简洁买到酒的途径导致了对酒的过度消费”。60. What is the purpose of Californiasrule about alcohol display in gas stationsA) To effectively limit the density ofalcohol outlets。B) To help drivers to give up the habit ofdrinking。C) To prevent possible traffic jams innearby areas。D) To get alcohol out of drivers immediatesight。答案：D【解析】推理题：加州在汽油站管控酒的展示是出于何目的？定位到最终一段。三句原则做题：Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibitingalcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most placesyou cant buy alcohol at drive-through facilities。于是大局部地区你在驾车通过的设施里买不到酒啦 At supermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in placeswhere they're easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the storeand ban them from the shelves at checkout lines. The other measures include restrictingportion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk foods, andplacing warning labels on the products。所以，正确答案为“把酒放在司机们的视线之外”。61. What is the general guideline the Randresearchers suggest about junk food controlA) Guiding people to make rational choicesabout food。B) Enhancing peoples awareness of theirown health。C) Borrowing ideas from alcohol controlmeasures。D. Resorting to economic, legal andpsychological means答案：C。【解析】从题干可发觉，是道变形的主旨题：Rand探讨者们对于垃圾食品管控的总体准则是什么？不管是找主旨句，还是当细微环节题做，都会发觉关键词Rand researchers首次出如今第二段第一句： So here's a suggestion offered by two researchers at the RandCorporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply themto where food is sold and how it's displayed Rand公司的探讨人员建议：为啥不借鉴控酒政策并运用到食品展示与售卖区？这就是全文主旨。所以，正确答案为“从控酒措施借鉴想法”。