2014年仁爱英语七年级下册知识点总结.docx

七年级下册学问点总结Unit 5 Topic1 重点短语1. on foot   go on foot = walk ( to ) 2. at the school gate在学校大门口 3. on weekdays 在平日 ,在工作日 4.  on weekends=on the weekend在周末5. after school 放学后 6. after class 下课后  7. after breakfast / lunch / supper 早餐 / 午餐 / 晚餐后 8. in ones free time在某人空闲时间    9. have a rest 休息一下           10. read books 读书      11. go swimming 去游泳 12. listen to music 听音乐       13. watch TV 看电视        14. do（ones） homework 做作业    15. go to the zoo / park 去动物园 / 公园 16. once a week 一周一次      17. every day 每天     18. have classes 上课      19. for a little while 一会儿     20. go to bed 上床睡觉       21. come on 快点,加油,来吧      22. get up 起床 23. talk with / to sb.与某人谈话   24. at school 在学校、在上课   25. go to school 去上学    26. and so on 等等重点句型1. Happy New Year!  The same to you. 2. Your new bike looks very nice.  Thank you.3. How do you usually come to school I usually come to school by subway.4. How often do you go to the library 5. Once/Twice/Three times a week/Very often/Every day/Sedom6. The early bird catches the work. (谚语) 笨鸟先飞7. Work / Study must come first. 工作/ 学习必需放在第一位！8. Classes begin at eight. =Class begins at eight.9. What time does the class begin / What time do the classes begin10. We have no more time. 我们没有更多的时间了。  11. I have four classes in the morning and two in the afternoon. 我早上上四节课，下午上两节。    12. She goes to bed at about a quarter to ten. 她九点四十五分睡觉。重点详解1. by+交通工具，表示运用某种交通方式，中间不加限定词，假如交通工具前有a, the, my 等 限定词，就不能用by,而是用in或是on. by +动词ing形式，表示通过某种方式乘坐交通工具：by +交通工具（by car/bus/train/ship） take the+交通工具（take the bus/car） on+大型封闭式工具（on the bus/ train/ship/plane） on the train=by train on his bike=by bike on a bike/motorbike in +小型封闭交通工具（in a car/taxi）in my car=by carI always come to school by bus.People show love to their mothers by giving cards.You can be a good student by working hard. 巧辩异同on foot 与 walk on foot “走路”，是介词短语，不能作谓语，只作方式状语，位于句末。walk “走路”,是动词，可以作谓语。 take the bus = go by bus   ride a bike = go by bike   take the subway = go by subway go toon foot= walk to I often go to school on foot. =I often walk to school. go to.by bike = ride a bike go to. by car = drive a car to go to by plane = fly to go to by bus = take a bus to2. Its time for sth. “该做某事了”=Its time to do sth. Its time for class. =Its time to have class. =Its time for having class.3. look +adj (look感官动词,系动词) 看起来His mother looks very young. They look very cute.Her dress looks very nice. You look very cool in this coat. look的短语 look the same看起来一样look like看起来像 look for找寻 look after =take care of 照看，照料look around/about 四处看看，四下环顾; look back 回头看;回忆;look out 注意，注意，注意; look through 阅读，细致查看；look up 查寻，查阅;抬头看4. do ones homework 做家庭作业（注：ones 要随主语的改变而改变，常用形容词性物主代词my, your, their, our, his, her等）。 do my homework at school 在学校做作业5. want to do sth. “想做某事”，want 后接动词不定式作宾语。know about “理解，知道关于”。we want to know about the school life of American students. 我们想理解一下美国学生的学校生活。6. 巧辩异同 a few+可数名词 （确定）；一点，一些； few+可数名词：（否认）很少,几乎没有 a little+不行数名词（确定）；一点，一些； little +不行数名词：（否认）很少,几乎没有 little和few作形容词用，都表示“几乎没有”,强调少; a little和a few强调有一些。 e.g.He has a few friends. 他有几个挚友。 He has few friends. 他几乎没有挚友。 e.g. I can speak only a little Chinese. They has little money. 他们没有什麽钱 a little 与 little 也可以用作副词， 表示“有点”“稍稍” 表示“很少” e.g. Can you speak English -Yes, but only a little. This book is a little more difficult than that one. （可修饰形容词比拟级） She slept little last night. 昨天晚上，她没有怎么睡觉。7. go+v.-ing 表示去做某事，类似： go fishing 去钓鱼 go shopping 去买东西 go boating 去划船 go skating 去滑冰 go swimming 去游泳and so on “等等”，表示还有很多。 They often play basketball or coccer, go swimming and so on.8. (1). How often 多久一次（对频度进展提问）答语常用频度副词always> usually>often> sometimes>seldom>never等或单位时间内的次数，表示频率的短语：次数+单位时间 e.g. : once a week一周一次 twice a month每月两次three times a year每年三次How often do you go to the library你多久去一次图书馆？-once/twice/three times/four times a week/month/year(2).How far多远（表示间隔 ）How far is it from here to the zoo  -Its 6 kilometers.(3).How long多长（对时间进展提问，持续多长时间（多久）/东西的长度（多长） How long did he stay here About two weeks. How long is the river About 500 km.(4).How soon再过多久，主要用来表示对将来一段时间的提问。常用“in+时间段”来答复。How soon will he be back In an hour.9. over (形容词) School / Class is over. What time is the class over10. begin 如今分词: beginning 过去式: began What time does the class begin begin to do sth begin doing sthHe begins to write a letter. =He begins writing a letter.假如begin本身为分词，只能用begin to do sth He is beginning to run.11. listen to 听（动作）， hear 听见(结果)冠词用法1. 弹乐器前要带定冠词the,而进展球类运动则不带the。play +棋类/球类/牌 下棋，打球 play soccer/basketballplay the +西洋乐器 弹/拉乐器 play the guitar/piano 2.序数词，前面要用定冠词the。on the second floor3.三餐前面不用冠词。have breakfast/lunch/supper一般如今时语法讲解 一般如今时表示：（常与频度副词never, seldom, sometimes, often,usually, always等连用）（1）如今所处的状态。Jane is at school.（2）常常或习惯性的动作。I often go to school by bus.（3）主语具备的性格和实力。He likes playing football.（4）客观真理。The earth goes round the sun. 常用的时间状语：often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等等。 行为动词的一般如今时，助动词是do/dont和does/doesnt.当主语是第一、二人称和全部复数形式时，行为动词用原形。 确定式：I go to school on foot. 否认式：I dont go to school on foot. 疑问式：Do you go to school on foot Yes, I do. No, I dont. 当主语是第三人称单数时，动词用第三人称单数形式，在词尾加-s或-es。 确定式：He goes to work by bus. 否认式：He doesnt go to work by bus. 疑问式：Does he go to work by bus Yes, he does. No, he doesnt.Unit 5 Topic2重点短语：1. make cards 制作卡片    2. on the playground 在操场上   3. in the library 在图书馆4. in the gym在体育馆    5. on the shelf在书架上（shelves 复数）  6. at the Lost and Found 在失物招领处 7.clean the room清扫房间   8.have a soccer game 实行足球竞赛    9. have an English class 上英语课 10. write a letter 写信     11. some of his photos = some photos of his 他的一些照片 12. on time 准时/in time刚好 13. do better in sth 在某方面做得较好  14. show sb. around 带着某人参观 15. at the moment“此刻，如今”,= now. 16. plan v.支配 plan to do sth 17. be kind to sb =be friendly to sb 对某人很友好 学科名词：政治语文数学英语历史地理生物音乐体育美术politicsChinesemathEnglishhistorygeographybiologymusicP.E.Art 一周名词：星期日星期一星期二星期三星期四星期五星期六SundayMondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturday重点句型1. What are you doing - He is cleaning the dormitory. 2. Are you doing your homework Yes, I am./No, I am not.3. How long can I keep them Two weeks.4. Thank you. -Its a pleasure. = A pleasure = My pleasure. 别客气。5. Sorry, I dont have any.  Thank you all the same. 仍旧感谢你。重点详解1. 巧辩异同 go to bed“上床”“就寝”I often go to bed at ten. go to sleep“入睡”“睡着”Last night I went to sleep at two oclock.3. 巧辩异同some, a few 与a little“一些，有些”三者都修饰名词。some既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不行数名词。We want some apples and some water.a few用在可数名词复数之前 a little用在不行数名词之前。There are a few books and a little waterin the classroom.4. 与how相关的短语 how often多常how many多少 how much多少钱 how old多大5. And you must return them on time.你必需按时归还它们。Return意为“归还，回来” return sth. to sb.把某物归还某人=give back sth. to sb. return to“回到”，相当于come back to6. talk“交谈”，常用的短语talk to/with sb.“与某人交谈” Maria and a girl are talking at the lost and found.巧辩异同talk, say, speak与tell (1) talk“交谈”，表示通过谈话方式交换意见、消息等。 (2) speak“说话”，强调开口发声，后常接某种语言。 (3) say “说”，强调所说的话的内容。 (4) tell“告知”，有时兼含“叮嘱”“吩咐”等。tell a truth说真话，tell a lie说谎, tell a story 讲故事等固定搭配。7.look for“找寻”，强调找寻的过程； find“找到” 发觉,强调找的结果。 I cant find my purse and I am looking for it.8. Read, see ,look and watchlook(at) 看，表动作，不及物动词，后面需加介词at才能跟宾语，指看的动作， see 看见，指看的结果， read常指看书、看报纸等，表示阅读watch看竞赛、电视e.g I can an apple on the table。 I want to the film with you。 ，there is a kite flying in the sky。 Please the blackboard carefully。 Tv too much is bad for your health。9. Here are some photos of his.这有他的一些照片。 photos of his是双重全部格。his是名词性物主代词，后还可以接名词全部格。a friend of mine我的一个挚友 a classmate of my brothers我弟弟的一个同学10. 巧辩异同 also与tooalso放在句中，too用于句末。also意为“也”，常用于be动词和情态动词后面，实义动词的前面。e.g Helen is also a student. I have long hair and she has long hair, too。11. borrow:指主语借入 borrow sth. from sb. e.g You can borrow this book from the library. May I borrow your eraserlend: 指主语借出 lend sth. to sb. / lend sb. sth.e.g Can you lend your car to me They often lend us their ball. keep 和 borrow, lend 的意思一样,都是表示借的意思, 区分是borrow和lend是瞬间动词/,短暂性动词，不能跟一段时间连用,而keep是持续性动词,表示借一段时间, 后常跟一段时间 e.g You may keep this book for two weeks. borrow借进 lend借出 keep借多久14. on time: 准时,强调不早不迟到达 e.g We must go to work on time.in time: 刚好,强调在规定的时间以前到达 The students can get there in time.15. Japanese: adj 日本的,日本人的,日语的 n.日本人,日语当Japanese表示日本人时,是可数名词,单复数同形(与Chinese用法一样) e.g Two Japanese and three Chinese are swimming in the swimming pool.重要句型总结1. Whats in+sth 表示哪里有什么东西 e.g Whats in your purse 钱包里有什么东西2. What else 还有别的什么么 else: 别的,其它的 What else do you haveWho else还有别的什么人么 Where else 还有别的什么地方么else除了可以放在疑问词what,who, where等后面，还可以放在不定代词something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody后面e.g I dont have anything else to do. I cant see anybody else in the room.3. Here are some photos of his.名词Of+名词性物主代词/名词全部格-双重全部格e.g a friend of Sams 萨姆的一个挚友 a friend of mine 我的一个挚友4. love doing sth习惯性的爱好和习惯 love to do sth一次性的动作或目前想做的事e.g She loves reading in bed. I love to go swimming today.“Like+动词ing”表示“宠爱做某事” I like playing basketball.Tom likes listeningo music. “Like+o+动词”也表示“宠爱做某事”，只是“Like+动词ing”表示习惯性动作（也可以说是爱好）， 而“Like+o+动词”表示一次性或短暂性的 Our PE teacher likesswimming.( 表示爱好) He likes playing basketball,but today he doesn't like to play basketball. 他爱好打篮球（爱好），但是今日他没去打篮球（短暂性的）。 如今进展时语法讲解 1.如今进展时表示：(1) 如今进展时表示正在发生或进展的动作,可与now=at the moment如今, look看,listen听等时间状语连用 e.g Im reading a book now.(2) 如今进展时表示当前一段时间内始终进展的动作 e.g Theyre working on a farm this week.(3) 某些行为动词的如今进展时形式可以表示将来,常常有意图,支配或准备的含义,并且可与表将来的时间状语连用,到目前我们所学的这类动词有come, go, fly, return e.g They are flying to London this afternoon. We are going to Hong Kong tomorrow. Steve is coming tomorrow evening.2.常用的时间状语：now, at the moment, look, listen等。3.谓语动词构成：be(am/is/are)+v.-ing形式。4.动词的-ing形式构成：一般在动词末尾加-ingbuy-buying call-calling drink-drinking 以不发音字母e结尾的单词,去e加-ingcome-coming drive-driving give-giving末尾只有一个辅音字母,且这个辅音字母前面不是字母组合的词,要双写末尾辅音字母,再加-ingplan-planning swim-swimming stop-stopping sit-sitting以ie结尾的词,变ie为y,再加-ingdie-dying lie-lying5.如今进展时态确实定、否认和疑问式。（1）确定句:主语+be+doing+sth I am running. He/She is running.（2）否认句:主语+be+not+doing+sth Im not running. He/She isnt running.（3）一般疑问句:Be+主语+doing+sth 答复:Yes,主(代)+be /No,主(代)+be+not Are you running Yes, I am./No, I am not. Is he/she running Yes, he/she is./ No. he/she isnt（4）特别疑问句: What+be+主语+doingUnit 5 Topic3 重点短语：1. outdoor activity 课外活动     2. easy and interesting 简洁又好玩   3. difficult and boring 又难又乏味   4. be friendly to sb. =be kind to sb. 对某人友好 5. betweenand 在之间    6. learn()from 向学习/从中学7.learning about the past理解过去8.learn about理解9.learn by oneself自学7. fromto 从到   8. in the morning / afternoon / evening 在早上/ 下午/ 晚上9. on Monday 在星期一   10. on Monday morning在星期一的早上 11. tell sb. about sth告知某人关于某事重点句型1. What day is it today？-Its Sunday. (在英语国家每周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一)2. What class are they having They are having a music class.3. What time does the class begin At ten oclock.4. What do you think of math = How do you like math 你认为数学怎么样？ -Its difficult and boring.5. Why (为什么)do you like English   Because（因为）its easy and interesting.7. What subject (学科)do you like best I like history best.8. At school, my teachers and classmates are very friendly to me.9. I study Chinese, English, politics, geography and some other subjects. （other泛指其他的，别的+ 名词复数 another 泛指又一个、再一个、另一个+名词单数 the other 两者中的另一个）10. English is my favorite subject. 11. I also like P.E and music. = I like P.E and music , too. (也)12. Can you tell me something about it重点详解1. 询问星期几用What day？答复：Its Wednesday/Sunday。与what有关的短语：what class什么班 what color什么颜色what time几点Whats the date 是对日期(几号)的提问。 What day is it today Its Monday.问星期 Whats the date todayIts the May 1st.问详细日期。 What do you doIm a teacher. What does he look likeHe is tall/He has a small mouth.问外貌 Whats she likeShe is kind/friendly.问性格。2. How many+可数名词的复数形式；How much+不行数名词。How many lessons does he have every weekday3. in+时间段（in the morning/afternoon/evening 季节/月份/年份前也用in：in Spring/Oct/in September，2008)in用于泛指一天的上午，下午，晚上等，也用于某个较长的时间，如年，月，季节等，还可以表示“从如今起一段时间以后”in a weekat+时间点钟点时（刻）（at 6 oclock） at noon at night at midnight at this time of day on+详细时间（详细日期、节日前on Sep 10th/Womens Day/rainy Day） 在星期几常用on,在详细点钟前用at.4. What do you think of = How do you like你认为怎么样？What ones favorite = What does sb. like best 某人最宠爱什么？ Which subject do you like best你最宠爱什么科目？5. Why do you like it 你为什么宠爱它？ -Because its easy and interesting.因为它简洁而好玩。 用why提问必需用because答复。Why -Because its interesting. 假如表示你为什么不用 Why not 或Why dont you6. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 My teachers are very friendly to me. 注： friendly是形容词 “友好的”“友善的”，而不是副词。7. a lot = much“很多”，后接宾语时要说a lot of 也可以表示“特别，特别”。 I can learn a lot from it.我能从中学到很多东西。11. You must like English very much. 你确定特别宠爱英语。must在这里表示确定推想。12. Its time for (doing) sth= its time to do sth. 该做某事了Its time for class.上课的时间到了.13.can+动词原形，它不随主语和数而改变。 (1)含有can确实定句：主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他。 (2)变一般疑问句时，把can提早：Can+主语+动词原形+其他？ 确定答复：Yes，主语+can。否认答复：No，主语+can't. (3)含有can的否认句：主语+can't+动词的原形+其他。 (4)含有can的特别疑问句：特别疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他？14.may+动词的原形。（may为情态动词）一般疑问句是把may提早， 确定答复是：Yes，主语 +may。否认答复是：No，主语+mustn't。或please don't。15. have to 后加动词原形，侧重客观的须要，有“不得不，被迫”之意，有多种时态形式，否认式为dont have to(neednt)意为“不必”。Must 侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务做某事，只有如今时一种形式,否认式mustt意为“确定不要，不允许，制止”反意词为“neednt”。Unit6 Topic1 重点词组1. Why not =Why dont you2. go upstairs上楼 go downstairs下楼3. A moment later一会以后4. study n.书房 v.学习 与learn的区分5. in the front of the house 在屋子（里面的）前面 6. in front of the house在屋子（外面的）前面7. talk about+n/v-ing议论,争论,探讨某事 8. talk with sb. 与