人教版八年级英语上册第一单元知识点归纳.docx

Unit1 Where did you go on vacation一、书本重要语法点梳理go on vacation去度假 stay at home待在家里 go to the mountains去爬山 go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆 go to summer camp去参观夏令营quite a few相当多 study for为而学习 go out出去 most of the time大局部时间taste good尝起来很好吃 have a good time玩得兴奋 of course当然 feel like给的感觉；感到go shopping去购物 in the past在过去 walk around四处走走 because of因为one bowl of 一碗 the next day第二天 drink tea喝茶 find out找出；查明 go on接着 take photos照相 something important重要的事 up and down上上下下 come up出来 buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.taste + adj. 尝起来 look+adj. 看起来nothingbut+动词原形 除了之外什么都没有seem+（to be）+ adj. 看起来decide to do sth.确定去做某事 stop doing sth. 停顿做某事 try doing sth.尝试做某事 try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.遗忘做过某事 forget to do sth.遗忘做某事enjoy doing sth.喜爱做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事 start doing sth.开场做某事 start to do sth. dislike doing sth. 不喜爱做某事 keep doing sth.接着做某事Why not do. sth.为什么不做呢？so+adj.+that+从句 如此以致于tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告知某人（不要）做某事语法： 不定代词1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代词。somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人的不定代词。somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地点的不定代词。2）当形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时，放在这些词的后面；3）这些不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如： Is everybody here 大家都到齐了吗？4） something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于确定句及表示恳求或建议的疑问句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否认句及疑问句中。如：Did you do anything interesting 你做了好玩的事吗？（表疑问）Why dont you visit someone with me 你为什么不跟我一起去探望下某个人呢？（表建议）1.表示提建议的句子：What/ how about +doingWhat/ How about going shopping Why dont you + do sth. 如：Why dont you go shopping Why not + do sth. 如：Why not go shopping Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth. 如：Shall we/ I go shopping2.quite a few 相当多 a few 与 a little 的区分，few 与 little 的区分 a few 一些 修饰可数名词 a little 一些 修饰不行数名词 两者都表确定意义 如：He has a few friends. 他有一些挚友。 There is a little sugar in the bottle. 在瓶子里有一些糖。 few 少数的 修饰可数名词 little 少数的修饰不行数名词 但两者都表否认意义 如：He has few friends. 他没有几个挚友。 There is little sugar in the bottle.在瓶子里没有多少糖。3.Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍旧没有人感到郁闷。 1）seem意为“似乎；似乎；看来”，是个连系动词，构成的短语有： seem to do sth. 似乎做某事 如： They seem to talk in class. 他们似乎上课说 话。 seem（to be）+adj. 似乎. 如： He seemed ( to be) ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎 病了。 It seems that + 从句 似乎. 如： It seems that he was ill yesterday. 昨天他似 乎病了。 2） bored 作形容词，意为“郁闷的；厌倦的”其主语是某人； 而boring 也是形容词，其主语是某物。 如：My parents ask me to do homework all day. I feel bored.我父母成天叫我做作业， 我感到很厌倦。Doing homework all day is a little boring. 成天做作业有点无聊。 相类似的词语还有： interested adj. 感爱好的 interesting adj. 好玩的 surprised adj. 感到惊异的 surprising adj. 惊异的 tired 累的 tiring 令人乏累的 excited 兴奋的 exciting 令人兴奋/激烈的 amazed 惊异的 amazing 令人惊异的4. 辨析： get to/reach/arrive 牢记： 一样点：都是“到达“的意思不同点：get to+地点/reach+地点 arrive at+小地点（车站等）/arrive in+大地点（国家等）留意：若他们后面要加地点副词here,there,home等，则不须要加介词。5. enjoy doing sth . 喜爱做乐意做 如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜爱踢足球。 enjoy oneself 过得开心 如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得很开心。 跟它意思相近的词组还有have a good great time , have fun。6. decide 意为“确定”，是动词。它的名词形式为decision。构成的短语有： decide to do sth. 确定做某事 make a decision to do sth.确定不要做某事，要用decide not to do sth.。如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经确定去北京。7.nothing.but.意为“除.之外； 只有”，如：I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我成天除了看电视什么也没干。8 . feel like 意为：“有什么感觉；感受到”，后跟宾语从句。另外，构成短语 feel like doing sth.意为“想做某事”。如：I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟。I feel like eating.我想吃东西。9. because of , because： because of + 名词/代词/名词性短语 如：I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的缘由我得搬家。 because +从句 如：I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜爱。10.below意为“在.下面”，其反义词为 above，意为“在.上面”11. bring sth.to +地点，意为“带来”，其反义词是take。如：Please bring your book to our school. 请把你的书带到我们学校来。Please take your book to your school. 请把你的书带到你的学校去。12.enough 足够形容词enough 如：beautiful enough足够美丽 enough名词如：enough food 足够食物 enough to 足够去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。She is old enough to go to school. 她够大去读书了。13. so that 如此以致于 引导结果状语从句，so后面接形容词、副词. that 后面跟从句。如：She was so sad that she couldnt say a word. 她哀痛得一句话也说不出来。14. taste good 尝起来很好吃。taste 系动词用法“尝起来”后+形容词。其他表示状态的系动词有：feel（觉得） keep（保持）stay（保持）seem（似乎）look（看来像）smell（闻起来）sound（听起来）taste（尝起来）系动词与形容词连用I feel sick。 我感到难过。 Keep quiet，please！ 请宁静下来！The weather stays very hot。天气特别热。 He seems very clever。 他似乎很聪慧。Jim looks like his father。 吉姆长得像他父亲。The fish smells terrible. 这鱼闻起来坏了。That sounds a good idea。 那听起来是个好办法。 The soup tastes very delicious。这汤尝起来特别香。