2016年全国卷高考英语试题及答案全国卷109253.docx

绝密启封前2016 年一般高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标 I ）英 语留意事项 ：1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷与答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型 A 后的方框涂黑。2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑， 写在试题卷、 草稿纸与答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔干脆答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸与答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4. 考试完毕后，请将本试题卷与答题卡一并上交。第卷第一局部 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容完毕后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的 A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。 听完每段对话后， 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来答复有关小题与阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What are the speakers talking aboutA. Having a birthday party.B. Doing some exercise.C. Getting Lydia a gift5. What is the woman going to doA. Help the man.B. Take a bus.C. Get a camera6. What does the woman suggest the man doA. Tell Kate to stop.B. Call Kate , s friends.C. Stay away from Kate.7. Where does the conversation probably take placeA. In a wine shop.B. In a supermarket.C. In a restaurant.8. What does the woman meanA. Keep the window closed.B. Go out for fresh air.C. Turn on the fan.听第 6 段材料，答复第 6、7 题。9. What is the man going to do this summerA. Teach a course.B. Repair his house.C. Work at a hotel.10. How will the man use the moneyA. To hire a gardener.B. To buy books.C. To pay for a boat trip.听第 7 段材料，答复第 8、9 题。11. What is the probable relationship between the speakersA. Schoolmates.B. Colleagues.C. Roommates.12. What does Frank plan to do right after graduationA. Work as a programmer.B. Travel around the world.C. Start his own business.第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟； 听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 8 段材料，答复第 10 至 12 题13. Why does the woman make the callA. To book a hotel room.B. To ask about the room serviceC. To make changes to a reservation14. When will the women arrive at the hotelA. On September 15B. On September 16C. On September 2315. How much will the woman pay her room per nightA. $179 B.$199 C. $219听第 9 段材料，答复第 13 至 16 题。16. What is the womans plan for SaturdayA. Going shopping B. Going camping C. Going boating17. Where will the woman stay in KeswickA. In a country inn B. In a five-star hotel C. In her aunts home18. What will Gordon do over the weekendA. Visit his friends B. Watch DVDs C. Join the woman19. What does the woman think of Gordons coming weekendA. Relaxed B. Boring C. Busy.听第 10 段材料，答复第 17 至 20 题20. Who is Wang MingA. A student B. An employer C .An engineer21. What does the speaker say about the college job market this yearA. Its unpredictable B. Its quite stable C. Its not optimistic22. What percentage of student job seekers have found a job by nowA20 B. 22 C. 5023. Why are engineering graduates more likely to accept a jobA. They need more work experienceB. The salary is usually goodC. Their choice is limited.第一局部 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（ A、B、C与 D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AYou probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of RachelCarson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the mostimportant woman of the past 100 yearsJane Addams(1860-1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thankAddans helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense ofcommunity(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services forpeople in need In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the NobelPeace Prize.Rachel Carson(1907-1964)If it weren t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution andthe harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the worlds lakes and oceans.Sandra Day OConnor(1930-present)When Sandra Day OConnor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became anArizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S.Supreme Court. OConnor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks (1913-2005)On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up herseat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it alsoset off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off thecivil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in”, said Parks.24. What is Jane Addams noted for in historyA. Her social work.B. Her teaching skills.C. Her efforts to win a prize.D. Her community background.25. What is the reason for O Connors being rejected by the law firmA. Her lack of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.26. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the USA. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson. C. Sandra Day OConnor. D. Rosa Parks.27. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the textA. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers.BGrandparents Answer a CallAs a third generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased move away,. Evenwhen her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children, shepolitely refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Gaf finally say yes. That was fouryears ago. Today all three generations regard the move to a success, giving them a closerrelationship than they would have had in separate cities.No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adultchildren and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. EvenPresident Obamas mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and into theWhite House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study grandparents com. 83percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson s decision will influence grandparents in the Americanfamily. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama s family.“ inthe 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn tget away from home far enough or fastenough to prove we could do it on our own,”says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grand, amagazine for grandparents .We now realize how important family is and how important ”it is tobe near them, especially when you re raining children. ”Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or hergrandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visitfrequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adultchild is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.28. Why was Garzas move a successAIt strengthened her family ties.BIt improved her living conditions.CIt enabled her make more friends.DIt helped her know more new places.29. What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinson s decisionA17% expressed their support for it.BFew people responded sympathetically.C83% believed it had a bad influence.DThe majority thought it was a trend.30. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960sAThey were unsure of themselves.BThey were eager to raise more children.CThey wanted to live away from their parents.DThey had little respect for their grandparent.31. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraphA. Make decisions in the best interests' of their ownB. Ask their children to pay more visits to themC. Sacrifice for their struggling childrenD. Get to know themselves betterCI am peter Hodes ,a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips ofthose , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（ 干细胞）in my little box becauseI've got two ice packs and that's how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells areharvested from a donor( 捐献者 ) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we ve got 72hours at most, So I am always conscious of time.I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells inProvidence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when Iarrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: ”Well, Im really sorry, I vegot some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington. ”So I took my box and put it onthe desk and I said: ”In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please,please, youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything. Shearranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me.re-routed( 改道)me through Newark andgot me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.For this courier job, youre consciously aware than that box youve got something that ispotentially going to save somebody s life.32. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier ”in Paragraph1A provider B delivery manC collector D medical doctor33. Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hoursA. He cannot stay away from his job too long.B. The donor can only wait for that long.C. The operation needs that much time.D. The ice won't last any longer.34. Which flight did the woman put Peter on firstA. To London B. To NewarkC. To Providence D. To WashingtonDThe meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may beempty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness,uneas-iness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap( 间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of thesecultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied( 示意) is that the person wants thelistener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call forreflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts amongpeople or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian,French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topicunder discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person inauthority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use,persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or aperson in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence whenthey come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses shouldrecognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient s silence is notinterrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing( 治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own andfrom other cultures.35. What does the author say about silence in conversationsA. It implies anger.B. It promotes friendship.C. It is culture-specific.D. It is content-based.36. Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thoughtA. The Chinese.B. The French.C. The Mexicans.D. The Russians.37. What does the author advise nurses to do about silenceA. Let it continue as the patient pleases.B. Break it while treating patients.C. Evaluate its harm to patients.D. Make use of its healing effects.38. What may be the best title for the textA. Sound and SilenceB. What It Means to Be SilentC. Silence to Native AmericansD. Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）依据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项， 选项中有两项为多余选项。Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies usesecret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags( 落后 ) farbehind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephanteats too many eels”Spell out the hidden message “Meet me. ”38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let s number the letters ofthe alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meetme”would read “13 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a realcode, you must have a code book. 39 For example, ”bridge“might stand for “meet ”and “out”might stand for “me.”The message “bridge out ”would actually mean “Meet me.”40 However, itis also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.第三局部 英语学问运用 （共两节，满分 45）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（ A、B、C 与 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Heroic DriverLarry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was _41_along 165north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on.43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and henoticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set thebrake and 47 the fire extinguisher ( 灭火器 ). Two good bursts from the extinguisher andthe fire was put out.The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 anemergency call. They 50 heard a woman s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的 )vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the brokenwindow. They told her to stay 52 until th