高一英语必修三、必修四知识点归纳.docx

高一英语必修三学问点归纳Unit1 Festivals around the world 1.sth take palce某事（按意图、）发生，实行(不及物动词，不能用于被动语态)2. v.(去e)aln. arrive (v.) 到达arrival (n.)到达者 survive (v.) 幸存；幸免于；survival (n.)生还者 3. starve to deathbe starved to death饿死starve for sth.渴望某物starvation n.饥饿，饿死4.in memory of sb 纪念某人5. have belief in对有信念believe in信任的存在，believe vt.信任；认为6. dress up穿上盛装；装扮；dress sb. up=dress up sb.装扮某人sb be dressed in某人穿着7. play a trick on sb.play tricks on sb. 戏弄某人8.admire sb. for sth.因某事而艳羡某人with/in admiration敬佩地9.look forward to doing sth 期盼做某事look up to 仰视；敬重look down on/upon 瞧不起look into调查10.have fun with sth/sb玩得快乐for fun为了好玩；its fun to do sth.做某事很好玩funny adj.好玩的；滑稽可笑的11.offer sth to sb=offer sb sth 供应某人某物12.decorate sth with sth 用来装饰13.day and night 日夜14.turn up 出现，到场，调高（音量）turn down 调低turn to 转向，求助于turn on 翻开turn off 关闭15.permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事permit doing sth.允许做某事time/weather permitting=if time/weather permits 假如时间/天气允许的话permission n.答应，允许16.keep ones word 守信誉；履行诺言break ones word失信；食言；in a word 总之17.hold ones breath 屏息；屏气out of breath 上气不接下气18.drown oneself in(be drowned in.)浸在 19.set off 动身；动身20.remind sb.of sth.提示某人某事；remind sb.to do sth.提示某人做某事21.forgive sb. for doing sth.宽恕某人做了某事22.It was obvious that自不待言的是It is a pity that.很缺憾 It is well known that. 众所周知23.try to do sth=seek to do sth企图做某事try doing sth 尝试做某事24.mean to do sth准备做某事mean doing sth意味着做某事 25.hear about/of sth听说某事26.apologize to sb. for sth./doing sth.因某事/做了某事而向某人致歉make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人致歉27.情态动词will,may,might,can,could,must,should等后面接动词原形28.在“主语be adj. to do”构造中，主语及不定式中的“do” 为逻辑上的动宾关系(被动)，且作表语的形容词为“light (轻)，heavy，difficult/hard，easy，comfortable，pleasant，important，interesting，good”等时，不定式则用主动形式，但表示被动的意义。eg. The room is really pleasant to live in.29.either.or.或者或者，neithernor既不也不，可连接并列成分，连接主语时遵循就近原则。eg. Either you or he is going there tomorrow30.with的复合构造：with+宾语+宾语补足语（介词短语/形容词/如今分词/过去分词/动词不定式），宾语补足语依据和宾语的主动、被动，或表示将来/目的而选择,位置可前可后。eg. With a lot of work to do，he wasnt allowed to go out.With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries.I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.31.as though/if “仿佛，似乎”引导的虚拟语气从句中的时态。虚拟的时间 从句中的谓语时态 如今 一般过去时(be 动词用 were) 过去 过去完成时(had done) 将来 过去将来时(would do) Unit 2 Healthy Eating1. adj.nessn. kind (adj.) 慈善的；宽容的kindness (n.) 和善，好心 dark(adj.)黑暗的darkness(n.)黑暗 tired(adj.)疲惫的；乏累的tiredness (n.)乏累 ill(adj.)生病的；不安康的illness(n.)疾病；不适 2. eat/have a healthy diet安康饮食a balanced diet平衡饮食be/go on a diet节食balance A against B 权衡/比拟A和B3.lose weight 减肥gain/put on weight增肥by weight按重量（称） 4.be curious to do sth.新奇地做某事be curious about sth.对某事感到惊奇with curiositycuriously (adv.) 新奇地5.get away with(做坏事)而不受惩处get along/on with sb 及相处get over 克制6.tell liestell a lie 说谎lie in 位于(的内部)；lie on (相邻) lie to(隔开)规则的说谎 lie lied lied lying不规则的躺、卧、平放lie lay lain lying躺过就下蛋 lay laid laid laying7.win back 赢回8. The strength of. is that .的优势是 build up ones strength增加体质strengthen vt.加强；增加9.could not have sb doing sth不能容忍某人做某事10.have sb do sth让某人做某事have sb doing sth 让某人始终做某事have sth done 让某事被做11.be made of由制作（看得出原材料）be made from (看不出原材料)12.seem to do sth 看起来，似乎13.must have done 过去肯定做过某事14.had better do sth 最好做某事15.sb be surprised to do sth 某人很惊异地做某事16. consult sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事consult with sb. (about/on sth.)(就某事)及某人商议 17.ought to do sth应当做某事have to do sth不得不，必需should have done sth 本应当做某事而事实上没有做could have done sth 过去原来可以做某事而未能做18. earn/make ones living 谋生19. be in debt to sb.be in sbs debt 欠某人的钱；欠某人的情20. be limited to sth.受限制于21. be of benefit to=be beneficial to对有好处22.cut down 削减；砍倒23. before long 不久以后24.spy on sb监视某人25.glare at sb 怒目而视stare at sb 盯着看catch sight of 瞥见，扫视have a glimpse of 瞥一眼26.the other day 前几天（常用过去时）27 binewith将和结合28.in this way 用这种方法29.the+序数词“第几”a+序数词“又一次，再一次”30.“否认词谓语动词比拟级”表示最高级，常用否认词还有no，not，never，nobody，hardly等。eg. As far as Im concerned，nothing is more important than studying hard.Unit3 The Million Pound Bank Note1. unadj.adj. happy(adj.) 兴奋的unhappy (adj.) 不快乐的；不华蜜的 important (adj.) 重要的unimportant (adj.) 不重要的 fair (adj.) 公允的unfair (adj.) 不公允的 comfortable (adj.) 舒适的uncomfortable (adj.) 不舒适的 2. bring up （父母）抚养；教化educate （教师）教化raise 单纯抚养3. on the scene=on the spot在现场；当场4. go ahead 前进；可以；请(说或做)吧go over 复习go through 经过，经受go against 违反，反对5. by accidentby chance 偶尔地by designon purpose 有意地6. account for是的缘由；说明take account oftake.into account 考虑on account of=because of由于，因为7. seek sth. from sb.向某人恳求8. on the contrary及此相反9. had just done. when. 刚做完这时be doing.when.正在做这时/突然 be about to do.when.刚要做这时10.make a bet on sth with sb和某人就某事打赌11.sb be lost in某人在迷路12. take a chance/chances to do sth.冒险做某事take a photo 拍照take a rest 休息一下take a walk 漫步13. it is bad manners to do sth.做某事没有礼貌 it is good manners to do sth.做某事有礼貌 in a. manner以的方式14. as for 关于；至于as usual像平常一样15. It is wellknown that.众所周知As is wellknown，.(as引导非限制性定语从句)What is wellknown is that.(what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句)16. be known / famous as“作为而知名”，as后接表示职业、身份等的名词be known / famous for“因而闻名”，介词for后接知名的缘由be known to“为所知/ 熟知”17.英语中表示“很多”： a great number of、(a) few、scores of、dozens of+可数名词复数a great deal of、(a) little 、a bit of+不行数名词a large amount of 很多，大量的+不行数名词，作主语时用单数谓语large/good amounts of 修饰不行数名词，作主语时用复数谓语A large amount of money has been received.Large amounts of money have been received.plenty of、a lot of 、lots of、a large/great quantity of、quantities of后可加可数名词复数，也可加不行数名词 18.语法：名词性从句（宾语从句和表语从句）学习及测评P41页Unit4  Astronomy:the Science of the Stars1.n.+-aladjtradition(n.)传统traditional(adj.)传统的person(n.)人personal(adj.)个人的education(n.)教化 educational(adj.)教化的origin(n.)起源original(adj.)原始的2. in time刚好on time 准时at one time曾经at the same time同时all the time始终；始终for the first time首次，第一次at no time绝不/决不(用在句首时，句子要用局部倒装)3. be harmful to对有害do harm to sb.do sb. harm对某人有害harmless adj.无害的4.lay eggs 下蛋5.exist on靠生活/生存There exists.某地有 existence n.存在；生活6. in ones turn轮到某人in turn依次；逐个by turns 轮番；交替take turns doing/to do sth.轮番做 Its ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事7.阻挡做prevent(from)stop(from)keepfromprotectfrom爱护免受损害8.depend on/upon=rely on/upon 依靠9.according to 依据10.in all directions 四面八方11.make/consider/think/find/believe等动词后加it+adj+to do sth12.give birth to 产生，分娩13.too+adj/adv原级+to do sth太以致不能14. block out 拦住(光线)；抹去，忘掉(不开心的回忆)15. block ones way 拦住某人的去路16. break out爆发break down出故障break up解散；打碎carry out执行give out用完；耗尽；分发sort out整理pick out细心选择work out解决；计算出17. cheer up(使)兴奋起来cheerful adj.快乐的；兴奋的cheerfully adv.兴奋地18. now that既然，引导缘由状语从句，相当于sincein that 因为=because19. watch out for 亲密留意；留神watch over照看20.be+adj+enough to do sth 足够做某事21.have a chance to do sth 有时机做某事22.notat all一点也不23.get the hang of 熟识，驾驭24. asadj.a/ann.as 像一样的eg.I want to own as large a house as hers.asadj./adv.原级as 25.常见倍数表达：Abe倍数asadj./adv.原级as BAbe倍数adj./adv.比拟级than BAbe倍数the名词(size/weight/ length.)of Beg.Asia ia four times as large as Europe.The new building is four times higher than the old one.The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.（time表示次数、倍数时可用复数）语法：主语从句，学习及测评P56页whether 和 if 的用法区分：引导宾语从句既可以用 whether，也可以用 if，两者常可以互换。介词后、动词不定式后、和 or not 连在一起时，引导位于句首的主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时应当用 whether，不用 if。 Unit5 Canada“The True North”1. adj.lyadv. happy happilypolitepolitelyunfortunateunfortuantelyviolentviolently2. be surrounded with/by.被包围surrounding adj.四周的surroundings n.环境；周边事物3.take measures to do sth.实行措施做某事4. go aboard (the ship/plane/train) 上(船、飞机或火车)abroad adv.海外，国外 go abroad出国5.settle down to (doing) sth.定下心来做6.settle vt. 解决(问题等)；定居settlement n.解决；定居settler n.定居者；移民者7.manage to do sth设法做,胜利做8. at first sight乍看起来；一看见、at the sight of一看见9.be gifted/talented in sth.擅长做某事have a gift for doing sth有做某事的天赋10.decide to do sth 确定做某事11.take the train坐火车=by train12.on the way to+地点 去某地的路上（副词home/there/here前不能接介词）13 pete in 参与（竞赛）14. terrify vt.使恐惊，使惊吓terrifying adj. 可怕的(形容事/物)terrified adj. 很胆怯；恐惊(形容人或人的表情)be terrified at/by.因而胆怯15.go on a tour 去旅游16. mix sth.with sth把某物及某物混合起来mix up 弄乱；混淆mixture n.混合(物)17.confirm sb.in sth.使某人确信某事18.in the distance在远处keep sb.at a distance 及某人保持肯定间隔 distant adj.(时间或空间)长远的；远处的提问用：Whats the distance from Beijing to London？19. It is a tradition to do sth.做某事是传统traditional adj.传统的20.impress sth.on/upon sb.使某人牢记impress sb.with sth.sb be impressed by/with sth.leave/make/have a +adj+impression on sb.给某人留下深入印象21. as far as I am concerned=as far as I know就我而言(描绘个人观点)22.at dusk/dawn/night/midnight/noon23.dream of/about doing sth梦想做某事24.be/get close to 接近，靠近25.语法：同位语从句（学习及测评P70页）26.比拟级表示最高级：比拟级+than+any other+单数名词（范围内）比拟级+than+any +单数名词（范围外）eg.Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.比拟级+than+all the other+复数名词比拟级+than+the rest of+复数名词/不行数名词否认词+比拟级eg.I have never heard a better voice.27.独立主格构造：当分词(短语)作状语并且分词(短语)有自己的主语时，这种构造称为独立主格构造，其构成是“名词/代词如今分词/过去分词/不定式/形容词/副词/名词/介词短语”，可表示时间、缘由、条件、伴随状况等。eg.More time given, we should have done it much better.A lot of work to do, he cant go home now.Winter coming, it gets colder and colder.高一英语必修四学问点归纳Unit1 Cultural relics1.v.mentn.move(v.)挪动movement(n.)挪动punish(v.)惩处punishment(n.)惩处develop(v.)开展development(n.)开展2. a sense of achievement成就感3. achieve ones success 获得胜利4. achieve ones goal 到达目的5. behave well/badly to/towards sb.对某人好/差 behaviour n举止；行为6. move off 分开；起程；动身move on 变换(工作、话题等)；前进move away 搬走；分开7. 感官动词的用法，如：observe sb. do sth.视察到某人做了某事observe sb.doing sth. 视察到某人正在做某事observe sb./sth.done 视察到被8. respect sb.as/for. 因而敬重某人9. give/send ones respect to sb. 向某人表达敬意10. argue forsth. 据理赞成11. argue against sth. 据理反对12. argue sb.into doing sth. 劝服某人做某事13. argue sb.out of doing sth. 劝服某人不做某事14. crowd in sb. (想法、问题等)涌上心头15. be crowded with 充溢着crowded adj. 拥挤的，挤满的3216+5646+12+3016. inspire sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事17. inspired (人)深受鼓舞的inspiring（事）令人鼓舞的inspiration 名词18. help sb do sth 扶植某人做某事19. instead of (doing) sth而不是做某事20. stop doing sth停顿正在做的事stop to do sth 停下来去做另外一件事21. as+adj/adv 原级as possible尽可能.22. go back to+地点 返回某地23. move off 分开24. sb spend+时间+(in) doing sth某人花费多少时间做某事25. communicate with sb 和某人沟通 chat with 和某人闲聊26. arrive in+大地点 arrive at+小地点27. look down upon/on蔑视；瞧不起28. look up to sb 敬重某人29. consider.as.把.看做.30. refer to 查阅；参考；指的是31. Catch ones eye 吸引某人的留意32. When it comes to.当谈及.33. Free from免于.34. intend sb.to do sth. 准备让某人做某事35. intend to do/doing sth. 准备做某事36. be intended for特地为而设计的37. considerate adj. 考虑周到的38. It is/was considerate of sb.to do sth. 某人做某事很爱护人39. deliver.to.把传递给40. carry on doing sth 接着做某事 41. carry out 实行42. not.until.直到.43. do some research 做探讨44. at that time 在那时（常用过去时）45. at the rate依据.比率46. make sure 确信47. cant wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事48. be busy in doing sth忙于做某事49. It seems/seemed that.看来；似乎50. It hit sb.从句=It occurs to sb.that. 某人突然想到Eg. It hits me that I have to finish the work at once.51. 语法:主谓一样，牢记遵循就远原则和就近原则的词组（学习及测评P8）52. Family指“家庭”时，有单复数之分，指“家人”时，是集体名词，只有单数形式，谓语动词一般为复数。53. Eg.The family is very big.(家族)My family are very well.(家人)54.only状语(时间状语，地点状语，方式状语等)置于句首时，主句需用局部倒装(将情态动词、助动词或者be动词提到主语前面) 。Eg.Only in this way can you learn English well.Unit 2 Working the Land1.v.­ingadj.exciteexcitinginterestinterestingsurprisesurprisingamazeamazing2.thanks to 多亏，由于3.be satisfied with对.感到满足be satisfied to do.对做感到满足satisfy ones needs 满足某人的须要to ones satisfaction令某人满足的是4.struggle to do sth.努力做某事struggle with/against 及作斗争struggle for为而斗争5.rid sth of sth=get rid of sth使摆脱6. expand.into.把扩展成7. 因为，由于：thanks to because of 、due toas a result of 、owing toon account of8.be equipped with装备，具有equip sb for 使某人具有9.the+序数词+名词+to do sth 第几个做某事的人10.search for=be in search of 找寻，搜寻11.consider doing sth考虑做某事consideras把看作12.倍数表达：谓语+as+adj/adv原级+as谓语+adj/adv比拟级+than13.with the help of在的扶植下with the hope of怀有盼望14.lead to (doing) sth 导致后果lead a.life 过的生活15.regret doing sth懊悔做了某事regret to do sth对要做的事感到缺憾remember doing sth记得做了某事remember to do sth 记住要去做某事16.focus on=pay attention to doing sth集中留意力于17.keepfree from 使免受（影响、损害等）18.decrease/reduceby削减了（幅度）decrease/reduceto削减到increase/rise增加19. confuse A with/ and B把A及B混淆be confused about对感到困惑20.couldnt help doing sth忍不住做某事21. build up ones health/body 增进安康build oneself up增加体质build oneself strength 增加体力22. make comments on sth. 评论某事23.语法：v-ing作主语和宾语（学习及测评P25）24.如今完成进展时：have/has been doing sth 动作发生在过去，持续到如今，并且强调如今还在进展。Unit 3 A Taste of English Humour1. v.ionn. educateeducation (n.) 教化 collectcollection (n.)搜集物 correctcorrection(n.)改正 devotedevotion (n.) 奉献 selectselection (n.)选择 2. up to now/present= so far 直到如今(常及如今完成时连用)3. feel/be content with.对满足/满足content oneself with 满足于4. astonish vt. 使惊异astonished adj. 对感到惊讶的be astonished at/by 对感到惊异to ones astonishment令某人惊讶的是(常作插入语)5.badly off 穷的；缺少的bad/badlyworseworst be well off 富有；境况良好good/wellbetterbest 6. entertain v使快乐；款待entertainment n. 消遣；文娱节目7.cut off 切断；断绝8. convince sb.of sth.使某人确信某事convince sb.to do sth.劝服某人做某事9.in particularparticularly特殊地；尤其地(作状语)10.on one occasion有一次；曾经11.treatas把当作对待12. be amused at/by. 对觉得好笑be surprised at/by 对觉得惊异to ones amusement 使某人感到好笑的是13. in a whisper/whispersin a low voice 耳语地；低声地whisper to sb. 向某人低声说14. make a mess of 把弄乱in a mess 处于混乱的状态mess up 弄乱；弄脏15. react to 对作出反响reaction n. 反响16.at no extra charge 不需额外付费17.be afraid of doing sth 胆怯作某事 18.语法：V-ing作表语、定语和宾语补足语（学习及测评P42）as作连词，可引导时间状语从句，等于when,“当时候，随着”。As you grow older, you will know better and better about yourself.可引导缘由状语从句，类似于because, since,for，“因为”。As rain has fallen, the ais is cooler.可引导方式状语从句，“如，像，依据”。When in Rome, do as the Romans do.可引导让步状语从句，“虽然，尽管”，构造为：名词/形容词/副词/动词+as+主谓。Child as he is, he knows a lot.Unit 4 Body Language1. v.mentn. agreeagreement (n.)协议；同意 appointappointment (n.)任命；约定 achieveachievement(n.)成就；功绩 argueargument(n.)争辩；辩论；争吵 amuseamusement(n.)消遣；消遣 2.major in主修3. associate with 及有关4.at the crossroads 在十字路口5. Its likely that. 是可能的