专升本阅读理解练习及答案详解.docx

Reading Comprehension(January, 2019)Passage 1Packaging is an important form of advertising. A package can sometimes motivate someone to buy a product. For example, a small child may ask for a breakfast food that comes in a box with a picture of a TV character. The child is more interested in the picture than in breakfast food. Pictures for children to color or to cut out, games printed on a package or small gifts inside a box also motivate many children to buy products, or to ask their parents to buy for them.Some packages suggest that a buyer will get something for nothing. Food products sold in reusable container are examples of this. Although a similar product in a plain container may cost less, people often prefer to buy the product in a reusable glass or dish, because they believe the container is free. However, the cost of the container is added to the cost of the product.The size of the package also motivates a buyer. Maybe the package has “Economy Size” or “Family Size” painted on it. This suggests that the large size has the most products for the least money. But that is not always true. To find out, a buyer has to know how the product is sold and the price of the basic unit.The information on the package should provide some answers. But the important thing for any buyer to remember is that a package is often an advertisement. The words and pictures do not tell the whole story. Only the product inside can do that.1. As used in the passage, the word “motivate” most probably means_.A) making one deep in thoughtB) supplying a thought or feeling that makes one actC) providing a story that makes one moveD) making one believe what he does is just right2. A buyer will get something for nothing most probably means that _.A) a buyer will get something useful free of chargeB) a buyer will get what he pays forC) a buyer will gain more than he losesD) a buyer will not get what he wants3. People are likely to buy the product sold in a glass or dish because _.A) they believe the cost of the container is included in the cost of the productB) the container is too attractiveC) they think they can get the container for freeD) they have no other choice4. Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the passage _.A) Package is often a successful advertisementB) Children are often encouraged to buy a product by its package with attractive picturesC) A buyer is also attracted by the size of the containerD) On seeing a well-designed container, a buyer often neglects what is in it5. What suggestion does the author give in the passage _.A) The quality of the container has nothing to do with the quality of the productB) Dont buy the product which is sold in a glass or dishC) A buyer should get what he needs mostD) The best choice for a buyer is to get a product in a plain packagePassage 2China is pushing forward a nationwide trial on fortified (强化的) food, in a bid to improve the health of its citizens. About 30,000 people from the countrys western region have used fortified flour for two years. Their diets had been improved. This experience will be promoted throughout the country and fortified oil and rice have also been introduced across the country.Fortified food refers to food with nutrients (养分) added, such as vitamins, calcium and iron. The nutrition program is expected to be included in the key projects for the countrys 11th Five-Year Plan (2019-2019). A series of rules and regulations, such as nutrition rules and production standards for fortified flour, will come into effect.The intake of some nutrients, such as fat, protein and calories is often excessive, but some other nutrients, such as vitamins, are lacking in some diets, according to some experts.At the moment there are three ways to improve public nutrition - a balanced diet, food fortification and nutritional supplements (补充). However, due to Chinas massive population and its unbalanced economic development, food fortification is thought to be the best way of improving public nutrition in a short period of time.China started fortifying food in 2019, while developed countries such as the United States have more than 50 years of such experience. “Fortified foods do not sell well, as the public still knows little about it.” Some experts pointed out.1. What is the purpose for China to push forward the plan on fortified food .A) To improve the health of its citizensB) To advise its citizens to use fortified flourC) To introduce fortified oil and riceD) To introduce 3 ways to improve public nutrition2. What are added to fortified food _.A) VitaminsB) Calcium and ironC) Fat, protein and caloriesD) Both A and B3. Where is the nutrition program expected to be included _.A) In a series of rules and regulationsB) In nutrition rulesC) In the key projects for the countrys 11th Five-Year PlanD) In production standards4. Which of the following statements is NOT true _.A) Some nutrients are lacking in some dietsB) China started fortifying food nearly around years earlier than U.S.C) Food fortification is thought to be the best way of improving public nutrition nowD) There are 3 ways to improve public nutrition at the moment5. Why dont the fortified foods sell well _.A) Because the public know little about themB) Because the prices are higherC) Because fortified foods dont taste good D) Because fat, protein and calories in fortified foods are often excessivePassage 3A moments drilling by the dentists may make us nervous and upset. Many of us cannot stand pain. To avoid the pain of a drilling that may last perhaps a minute or two, we demand the “needle” that deadens the nerves around the tooth.Now its true that human body has developed millions of nerves to be highly aware of what goes on both inside and outside of it. This helps us adjust to the world. Without our nerves - and our brain, which is a bundle of nerves - we wouldnt know whats happening. But we pay for our sensitivity. We can feel pain when the slightest thing is wrong with any part of our body. The history of torture is based on the human body being open to pain.But there is a way to handle pain. Look at the Indian Fakir who sits on a bed of nails. Fakirs can put a needle right through an arm, and feel no pain. This ability that some humans have developed to handle pain should give us ideas about how the mind can deal with pain.The big thing in withstanding pain is our attitude towards it. If the dentist says, “This will hurt a little”, it helps us to accept the pain. By staying relaxed, and by treating the pain as an interesting sensation, we can handle the pain without falling apart. After all, although pain is an unpleasant sensation, it is still a sensation, and sensations are the stuff of life.1. The purpose of this passage is mainly to tell us _.A) that pain is good for usB) to stop taking the “needle” at the dentistsC) how to handle painD) how to avoid torture2. The sense of pain can _.A) let us know whats going on in any part of our bodyB) make us open to tortureC) make us pay for our sensitivityD) help us get more sensations3. The best way to ease pain is to _.A) do what the Indian Fakirs doB) welcome it C) know about it in advanceD) treat it as an interesting sensation4. In the first sentence of the last paragraph the word “withstanding” probably means _.A) acceptingB) avoidingC) handlingD) curing5. “We pay for our sensitivity” (paragraph 2) means _.A) it was fortunate for humans to have developed this sensitivityB) we suffer because of this sensitivityC) we know very well how to cope with sensations of painD) we have to pay the dentist for his treatment of our teethPassage 4Governments at all levels face a tough task in better managing and serving migrant populations.The municipal government of Shanghai carried out a residence certificate system in 2019, granting migrant laborers some treatments enjoyed by their urban counterparts. In Shenzhen, the residence certificate has included healthcare, education and many other contents. The government of Beijing is also working on a local regulation about migrant population management that has aroused much attention.It is not only a specific issue of migrant population management and service but also an issue concerning social welfare, public products, management mechanisms and human rights.For more than half a century, permanent residence registration has been the sole criterion（标准）for one to enjoy urban public products such as healthcare, education, employment and social security. Migrant workers, though contributing to the local economy, cant enjoy such products equally. Sometimes they are even guarded or discriminated（卑视）against.Migrant populations cannot have a sense of belonging to the city they live in, which is no good for social order and stability and will bring negative impacts to the management.Scientific, rational（合理的）and just social policies and laws will build our society in a positive way. Migrant laborers, especially those who have realized stable employment in the city, should be granted treatment equal to their urban counterparts.1. How long has the permanent residence registration been the sole criterion _. A) For more than 20 yearsB) For more than 40 years C) For more than 50 yearsD) For more than 100 years2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage _. A) It is in 2019 that the municipal government of Shanghai carried out a residence certificate system B) It is in Shenzhen that the residence certificate has included healthcare, education and many other contentsC) It is the compulsory education of migrant children that all municipal governments should pay attention to D) It is in Beijing that the government is working on a local regulation about migrant population management3. We can infer from the passage that _. A) Migrant populations want to settle in cities B) Migrant workers play an important role in local economy C) Migrant workers are all trouble-makers D) Migrant workers will move out of cities sooner or later4. Whats the authors purpose in writing the passage _.A) To argue for the importance of equal rights for all citizens. B) To explain the importance of migrant workers. C) To show the importance of social stability. D) To indicate the importance of municipal governments of all cities.5. The best title for the passage is _. A) Equal rights for migrantsB) Social order and stability C) Migrant population managementD) Migrant population servicePassage 5Although one might not think so from some of the criticism of it, advertising is essential to the kind of society in which people in the United Kingdom, and a very considerable proportion of the world at large, live. Advertising is indispensable as a means of communicating with others, of telling them about the goods and services that are provided, and of which most of them would never get to hear at all if it were not for advertising. And advertising is extremely helpful to promote a rising standard of living.In talking about advertising, one should not think only in terms of a commercial on television, or an advertisement in the newspapers or periodicals. In its widest sense, advertising includes a host of other activities such as packaging, shop displays and-in the sense of communication-even the spoken word of the salesman. After all, the resources of advertising are to be found in the market place.For many years it was considered that it was enough to produce goods and supply services. It is only more recently that it has become increasingly understood that the manufacture of goods is a waste of resources unless those goods can be sold at a fair price within a reasonable time span. In the competitive society in which we live, it is important that we go out and sell what we have, and advertising plays an important role in this aspect, whether selling at home or in export markets.About two percent of the UK gross national product is relied on advertising. But it must not be thought that this advertising tries to sell goods to consumers who do not want them. Certainly, advertising does try to attract the interest of the potential consumer, but if the article when purchased does not match up to the standards that the advertising suggests that it will, it is obviously exceedingly unlikely that the article will sell well.1. According to the text, advertising is important to _.A) every potential consumer in the worldB) large countries in the worldC) people with a high standard of livingD) a large number of people in the world2. Advertising has its origins in _.A) shop window displays and the wrapping of goodsB) face to face contact between sellers and buyersC) the communicative abilities of a trained sales personD) articles in newspapers and magazines3. People have realized that resources are wasted if goods _.A) are not of lasting valueB) are not sold at a high priceC) remain unsold for a long timeD) remained unsold in export markets4. The text makes a point that goods will sell well if _.A) advertisements show the true value of themB) enough money is spent on advertisingC) advertisements are well designedD) they are of high quality5. The best title of this passage would be _.A) Benefits of AdvertisingB) A Brief History of Advertising in the UK C) Limitations of Advertising D) Production and AdvertisingPassage 6In ancient times the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the schools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetry aloud or giving speeches. In the European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working for advanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with people who had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as part of the process of testing candidates for the doctors degree.Generally, however, modern examinations are written. Two types of tests are commonly used in modern schools. The first type is sometimes called an “objective” test. It is intended to deal with facts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along with each question the teacher writes the correct answer and also three statements that look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.The student has just one task: he must recognize the correct answer and copy its letter (or number) on his examination paper.For testing a students memory of facts and details, the objective test has