七年级英语下册重要知识点和语法点归纳仁爱版2.docx

Unit 5 Our School Lifetopic1 How do you go to school一、重点词语：1. wake up醒来，唤醒get up起床2. go to school去上学go home 回家3. go dancing / shopping / skating / swimming去跳舞；购物、滑冰；游泳go doing something 可用于表达去进展某种消遣休闲活动。4. 表示交通方式： on foot 步行 by boat 坐船by ship 坐船by air 乘飞机 by plane 乘飞机by train 坐火车by subway 搭乘地铁 by car 坐小汽车by bus 坐公共汽车by bike骑自行车5. take the subway / bus / car搭乘地铁；公共汽车；小汽车6. drive a car to work = go to work by car驾车去上班 take a bus to work = go to work by bus 乘公共汽车去上班 go to school on foot = walk to school步行去上学7. ride a bike / horse骑自行车；骑马8. after school / class放学以后；下课以后9. play the piano / guitar/ violin弹钢琴；吉他；小提琴 play basketball / soccer / football 打篮球；踢足球；打橄榄球 play computer games玩电脑嬉戏 play with a computer玩电脑 play sports做运动10. next to紧挨着，在旁边11. a plan of my school一幅我们学校的平面图12. on weekdays在工作日 at weekends在周末13. have breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner / meals吃早餐；中餐；晚餐；正餐；一日三餐 have classes / lessons / a meeting上课；上课；开会14. watch TV / movies / games / the animals看电视；电影；竞赛；动物 read novels / newspapers / books看小说；报纸；书15. wash ones face / clothes洗脸；衣服16. 反义词：up down, early late近义词：quickly fast get up early 早起 be late for 迟到17. the first / second / third / fourth day第一；二；三；四天18. clean the house清扫房子19. 表示建筑物（尤其学校建筑物）： on the playground在操场 at school / home / table在学校；家里；桌旁in a computer room / teachers office / classroom building / gym / library / lab / canteen 在电脑室；教师办公室；教学楼；体操馆；图书馆；试验室；食堂20. around six oclock = at about six oclock大约在六点21. 频率副词：never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always二、重点句型：1. Its time to get up.该起床的时候了。Its time for breakfast. = Its time to have breakfast = Its time for having breakfast.该吃早饭了2. You must go to school early. 你必需早点去上学。（主观因素造成“必需”）I have to wash my face quickly.我不得不快速地洗脸。（客观因素造成“必需”）3. Happy New Year! The same to you!新年欢乐！也祝你新年欢乐！4. How about you = What about you你怎么样？5. It tastes good. 它尝起来很好。It sounds good. 它听起来很好。6. How do you usually go to school I usually go to school by bike.你通常怎样去上学？我通常骑自行车去上学。What do you usually do after school I usually play computer games. 你通常放学做什么？我通常玩电脑嬉戏。7. How does she usually go to work She usually goes to work by car.她通常怎样去上班？她通常开车去上班。What does he usually do after class He usually reads novels.他通常下课后做什么？他通常看小说。8. The early bird catches the worm!早起的鸟儿有虫吃。/ 笨鸟先飞。9. Wheres Mr. Zhou going Hes going to Shanghai. 周先生将要去哪里？他将要去上海。三、语法学习：复习一般如今时和如今进展时。一般如今时：1. 区分含有be动词和行为动词的确定句式。 I am at home. I stay at home.I am stay at home. × She stay at home. ×2. 一般疑问句、否认句表达的不同方式： Are you at homeDo you stay at homeDoes she stay at homeYes, I am. No, I am not.Yes, I do. No, I dont.Yes, she does. No, she doesnt.I am not at home.I dont stay at home.She doesnt stay at home.3. 主语为第三人称单数时，谓语行为动词的改变。 She plays computer games on Sundays.She studies English every morning.She goes to school on weekdays.She has breakfast at 6:45.4. 用法： (1) 表示如今的状况：I am a teacher. You are student. They are in London.(2) 表示常常的或习惯性的动作：I usually go to school on foot. She plays tennis every morning.(3) 表示主语具备的性格和实力等：He likes playing basketball. They do the cooking. 如今进展时：1. 根本句式构造：I am playing with a computer.2. 如今分词构成法： go going play playinghave having drive driving run runningswim swimmingbegin beginning3. 用法：（1）表示如今正在进展的动作：She is having dinner. 她正在用餐。（2）方位动词的如今进展时可用来表示将要发生的动作：Im going. 我要走了。四、交际用语：议论交通工具及如何上学和日常生活。主要句型：How do you usually go to schoolI usually go to school by bike.Im riding a bike now. Whats she doing Shes dancing.Do you often go to the libraryTopic 2 How often do you have an English class一、 重点词语：1. 学科名词：政治语文数学英语历史地理生物音乐体育美术politicsChinesemathEnglishhistorygeographybiologymusicP.E.Art2. 一周七天名词：星期日星期一星期二星期三星期四星期五星期六SundayMondayTuesdayWednesdayThursdayFridaySaturday3. swimming pool 游泳池4. listen to music 听音乐write letters 写信go roller-skating 滑滑轮go shopping 去购物have an English class 上英语课go to the park 去公园meet friends 会见挚友draw pictures 画画play sports 做运动watch TV 看电视play computer games 玩电脑嬉戏 play soccer 踢足球 work on math problems 解答数学题take exercises 做运动learn about the past 学习历史 learn how to read and write in Chinese 学着用中文读写 play ball games with my classmates 和我的同班同学玩球类嬉戏5. be good at = do well in 擅长于 I am good at English. = I do well in English.6. be different from 及不同the same as 及一样7. do outdoor activities 进展户外活动8. every week每周each day 每天 three times a week 每周三次9. 反义词：boring interestingdifficult easybegin finish近义词：difficult hard10. care about 关切；担忧11. try to do something 尝试去做某事12. do ones best 尽力去做某事do ones homework 做家作13. like doing something = love doing something 喜爱做某事hate doing something 厌烦做某事14. noon break 午休15. at half past six = at thirty past six = at six thirty六点半 at seven oclock = at seven 在七点at five fifteen = at fifteen past five = at a quarter past five五点十五分at fifteen to ten = at a quarter to ten = at nine forty-five 九点四十五分16. for a little while 就一会儿17. a student of Grade One 一年级的学生18. eat out 出去吃19. get home 到家二、重点句型：1. Which place do you like best I like the computer room best.你最喜爱哪个地方？我最喜爱电脑室。2. Swimming is my favorite sport. = I like swimming best. 游泳是我最喜爱的运动。3. Why do you think so Because he likes sleeping. 你为什么这么想？因为他喜爱睡觉。4. How often do you go to the library Very often. 你常常去图书馆吗？常常。5. Peter is good at soccer ball. 彼特擅长及足球。6. My interest is different from theirs. 我的爱好和他们的不一样。7. How many lessons do you have every day 你每天上多少节课？8. What time is school over 什么时候放学？9. I try to do my best each day. 每天我都尽力做到最好。10. And if I always do my best, I need not care about the test. 假设我总是尽力，我就不须要担忧考试11. After dinner, I often do my homework and then watch TV for a little while.晚餐后，我常常做作业然后看一会儿电视。三、语法学习：以How，Wh- 开头的疑问句。疑问词：how often, how long, how soon, how old, how many, how much, how big, how heavy, how wide, how far, what, when, who, whose, whom, where, which, why, what color, what time, what class四、交际用语：议论课程、作息时间、个人爱好及学习生活。主要句型：Which place do you like best I like the computer room best.Whats your favorite subject Math is.How often do you Every day. Always. Often. Seldom. Never. Sometimes.Do you like going to Yes, I do. / No, I dont.How many lessons do you have every day We have seven lessons every day.When do morning classes begin At 7:20. topic3 I like the school life here.一、重点词语：1. 反义词：first lastborrow return / give back2. 名词单数转化复数：life lives shelf shelvesleaf leaves half halveslife - lives3. between and 在及之间4. school hall 学校大厅5. else, other 别的6. Lost and Found Room 失物招领处7. the school life 学校生活8. most of them 他们大多数all pupils 全部的学生few pupils 很少学生9. spare time 空闲时间10. have a short sleep 休息片刻11. and so on 等等12. on time 按时13. Here it is. = Here you are. 给你14. Our School Times 学校时报Everyday Science 每日科技15. get to school 到校get home 到家16. learnfrom 向学习17. 名词变成形容词：wonder wonderful, use useful, care careful, beauty - beautiful interest interestingexcite - exciting二、重点句型：1. Welcome to our school. 欢送到我们学校来。 2. What do you think of our school Its very nice. 你认为我们学校怎么样？它特别美丽。3. Let me find it on the computer first. 首先让我在电脑上找到它。4. Wait a minute. = Just a minute. 等一等。5. Mary cant find her purse and were looking for it. 玛丽找不到她的钱包，我们正在找它。6. Is there anything else in it No, there isnt. 里面还有别的吗？不，没有了。7. Thank you anyway. = Thank you all the same. 仍旧谢谢你。Thank you for your hard work. 谢谢你们的努力工作。 Thank you for asking me. 谢谢你邀请我。8. Almost all the pupils walk or take a yellow school bus. 几乎全部的小学生都步行或坐黄色的校车。 Very few pupils ride bikes. 很少小学生骑自行车。 Most of them have lunch at school. 他们大局部在学校吃午饭。9. I read them with great interest. 我带着极大的爱好读它们。10. Well let you know if we find yours. 假设我们找到你的（钱包）我们会让你知道的。11. May I ask you some questions Yes, please 我可以问你几个问题吗？13. Where do you come from I come from Australia. = Where are you from Im from Australia. 你来自哪里？我来自澳大利亚。 Which city of Australia do you come from 你来自澳大利亚哪个城市？14. How long can I keep it Two weeks. 我能借多久？两个星期。15. Do you have a problem 你有问题吗？ 三、语法学习：There is / are 的学习。1. 用法：表示存在。什么时间或者地点“有”什么东西2. 几种根本句式：There is a book and two pens on the desk. 桌上有一本书和两支笔。There are two pens and a book on the desk. 桌上有两支笔和一本书。There isnt a book on the desk. 桌上没有一本书。There arent two pens on the desk. 桌上没有两支笔。Is there a book on the desk Yes, there is. No, there isnt. 桌上有一本书吗？是的，有。不，没有。Are there two pens on the desk Yes, there are. No, there arent. 桌上有两支笔吗？是的，有。不，没有。3. 及have的区分：I have a book. I dont have a book. Do you have a book Yes, I do. No, I dont.She has a book. She doesnt have a book. Does she have a book Yes, she does. No, she doesnt. 四、交际用语：学习校园生活的一些活动，如采访、借书、找寻失物、制作海报等。主要句型：May I ask you some questions Yes, please.What do you think of our school Its very nice. Can I borrow Sure, here you are. How long can I keep it Two weeks. But you must return it on time. There is / areIs there a bed in the room Yes, there is. Unit 6 Our Local AreaTopic 1 I have a nice house一、词汇：1. in front of 在的前面2. hear from sb. 收到某人的来信3. next to 靠近 4. give back归还5. for a while 一会儿6. go upstairs 上楼7. have a look 看一看8. put away 把收起来9. play with a ball 玩球10. on the second floor 在第二层11. look after 照看；照看；照料；保管二、句型:1. Why not go upstairs and have a look (1) go upstairs上楼 go downstairs下楼 (2) have a look看have a look at 看have a walk漫步have a bath洗澡have a swim游泳have a talk谈话have a rest休息 (3) Why not+动词原形句型是提建议的一种表达法，形同“Why dont + 人称代词 + 动词原形上+ ？”。这样的句型常用来启发或建议某人做某事。答复常用Ok, lets/All right./Thats a good idea.2. Please give it back soon.请尽快地把它还给我。give back:(=return)归还：代词作宾语时应放在give 和back的中间，假设是名词作宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后面。例如： give the book back;/give back the book. give it back / give them back类似的短语还有put away, put on, try on, take off, 3.Lets play computer games for a while.让我们玩一会儿电脑吧。(1) play computer games玩电脑嬉戏(2) Lets =Let us后接动词原形：让我们4.My pet dog plays with the ball everywhere.我的宠物狗在家里到处玩球。(1) everywhere=here and there到处；到处(2) play with 其后接人时，意为“及玩” 其后接物时，意为“玩（单纯地玩耍）”play football, play basketball, play volleyball指技术性较高的运动 5.There is a watermelon and lots of apples in the box.箱子里有一个西瓜和很多苹果。(1) lots of =a lot of 很多的；大量的，用来修饰名词There are a lot of students in that school. （=many）There was a lot of snow last year.(=much)Theres a lot of rice in the bag.(=much)三、语法：There be句型和Have的区分类型There beHave涵义不同侧重 "存在关系"，表示"某地或某时间存在某人/某物"，there只是引导词，无意义。 如：There is a boat in the river.河里有一条船。侧重 "所属关系"，示"属于所拥有"的东西，第三人称用has。如： I have a nice watch. 我有一块好看的手表。 She has a new computer. 她有一台新电脑。句型不同1.确定式：There is/are+主语+其它。 2.否认式：There is/are+ not+主语+其它。 3.疑问式：-Is/Are there+主语+其它？ -Yes, there is/are. -No, there isn't/aren't1.确定式：主语+have/has+其它。 2.吉伯定式：a)主语+don't/doesn't have+其它； b)主语+haven't/hasn't+其它。 3.疑问式：a)-Do/does+主语+have+其它？ -Yes,主语+do/does./No,主语+don't/doesn't. b)-Have/Has+主语+其它？-Yes,主语+have/has./No,主语+haven't/hasn't.主谓一样不同1.There is +单数主语/不行数主语如： There is some milk in hte bottle. There is a hat on the desk. 2.There are+复数主语如：There are some flowers in the basket. 3.There is +单数主语+and+复数主语如： There is a mouse and two pens on the deak. 4.There are+复数主语+and+单数主语如：There are two pens and a mouseon the desk.1.主语（第三人称单数）+has+如： She has many new clothes. Tom has a nice feather. 2.第一、二人称单数和复数主语+have+如:You have some good firends but they have few.划线提问不同1.对主语提问一律用"What's+某地/某时？"构造，其中谓语动词须用is，且there要省略。如：There are some pictures on the wall.-What's on the wall 2.对地点提问要用"Where is/are there"如：There is a black car under the tree.-Where is there a black car 3.对主语的数量提问要用"How many+主语（复数）+are there/How much+主语（不行数）+is there"如： There're three people in my family. -How many people are there in your family There's some rice in the bag.-How much rice is there in the bag1.对主语提问要用"Who/has/have+"如： Mary has a sweater.-Who has a sweater We have new brooms.-Who hsve new brooms 2.对宾语提问要用"What have/has+主语？/What do does+主语+have"如： My father has a big farm . What has your father/ What does your father have 3.对宾语的数量提问用"How many+复数名词+have/has+主语？/How much+不行数名词+have/has+主语？"或"How many +复数名词+do/does+主语+have/How much+不行数名词+do/does+主语+have"如：I have two pictures.-How many pictures do you have/How many pictures have you留意there be构造在改为否认或疑问句时，一般将some改为any.如：There are some dishes on the desk.-There aren't any dishes on the desk./Are there any dishes on the deskhave 句型在改为否认句时，也应将 some 改为 any. 如： She has some fruit.-She hasn't/doesn't have any fruit./Has she any fruit/Does she have any fruit注：在表示 "附属于某物/某处的东西"时，there be构造及have句型都可以用。如： There are four windows in the classroom =The classroom has four windows. The house has eighteen floors.=There are eighteen floors in the house.Topic 2 I am your new neighbor.一、词汇：1. look for找寻2. a parking lot停车场 3. at the street corner在街道的拐角4. play the piano弹钢琴5. knock at（the door）敲（门）6. hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事7. at the end of 在的终点；在的末尾8. in the suburbs在郊外；在郊区9. according to根据二、句型:1. Whats your home like你的家什么样？like用作动词时意为“喜爱”，用作介词时意为“像”，常用短语：be like, look like2. Im looking for a grocery store.我正在找一家杂货店。look for 找寻。强调找寻的动作；find找到，发觉。强调结果；find out着重指通过分析、调查等弄清或杳明一件事情Are you looking for your pen Yes, I am.你在找你的钢笔吗？是的。Can you help me find my bike你能帮我找到自行车吗？Please find out who broke the window.请找出是谁把窗户打破的？3.There is one in front of our building.我们的楼前有一家（杂货店）。 in front of 在的前面（在范围之外的前面） in the front of在的前面（在范围内的前面） There is a tree in front of the classroom.教室前面有一棵树。（树在教室外）The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom.教师站在教室的前面。（教师在教室里）4.Whats the matter怎么了？（出什么事了？） 类似的表达法还有：Whats up/Whats wrong/Whats going on5.People enjoy living in a house with a lawn and a garden.人们喜爱住带有草坪和花园的房子。 enjoy doing sth.喜爱、享受做某事。Enjoy后接名词或动词的ing形式，如： He enjoys reading novels.他喜爱读小说。6.I hear you playing the piano beautifully.我听见你弹钢琴很好听。 hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事。如：. I hear them singing songs in the next room.我听到他们正在隔壁房间唱歌。 7.Hello, this is Mrs. Wang speaking.喂，我是王太太。 用语，不用I和you, 而用this和that。如： This is Mary (speaking).我是玛丽。 Whos that (speaking)你是谁？ 8. The kitchen fan doesnt work.厨房的排气扇不工作了。 wor