人教版新版英语八年级上第2单元知识点.docx

八年级上册英语学问点 Unit 2.How often do you exercise一.、重点短语归纳：1.go to the movies =go to the cinema去看电影2.look after=take care of 照看3. healthy lifestyle 安康的生活方式5.go skateboarding 去滑滑板 go shopping 去购物 go swimming 去游泳 go boating 去划船 go fishing 去钓鱼6.keep healthy=stay healthy= keep in good health保持安康  keep +形容词，“表保持某种状态7.exercise= take/do exercise=do /play sports熬炼take more exercise 多做运动10.be the same as 及-一样 be different from 及-不同11. once a month一月一次twice a week一周两次. once or twice a week 一周一两次three times a week一周三次 four times a week 一周四次  three or four times a week 一周三四次12 make a difference to 对什么有影响如：As teachers, you must believe that you can make a difference to the lives of your students. 身为老师，你们必需坚信你们可以影响学生的一生。如：A false step will make a great difference to my future. 错走一步对我的前程来说会产生很大影响。20.activity survey活动调查21.do homework做家庭作业22.do housework做家务事23.eat less meat and more vegetables 少吃肉多吃蔬菜24.junk food垃圾食物25.be good for 对什么有益 be bad for对什么有害27.want to do sth 想做某事28.want sb to do sth想某人做某事30 e home from school/ work 放学/下班回家31.of course=certainly=sure当然,当然可以32.get good grades获得好成果   33.some advice 一些建议 advice 是不行数名词    a piece of advice 一那么建议  give advice 提出建议     take ones advice 接受或听从某人的建议34.help sb to do sth扶植某人做某事=help sb with sth38.your favorite program你最喜爱的节目39.Animal World 动物世界41.every day每天45.all students 全部的学生46.most students 大多数学生47.some students 一些学生48.no students 没有学生49.the result of a survey 调查结果51.improve your English 进步你的英语52.drink milk 喝牛奶53.pretty healthy 相当安康 pretty，adv. 相当，特别=rather=very=quite 特别，相当My eating habits are pretty good.我的饮食习惯相当好。54. kind of  = a little有点I think Im kind of unhealthy.我想我有点担心康。55. on weekends在周末 on weekdays 在平日，在工作日，在学习日56. ask sb. about sth.就某事询问某人57. go online去上网 surf/use the Internet上网58. the answer to the question问题的答案59. the best way to do sth.做某事的最好方式60. at least / at most twice a week一周至少/最多2次61. such as 例如62. less than少于 more than多于 The old man is more than eighty years old.这位老人八十多岁了。63. swing dance摇摆舞64. go to bed early早点睡觉 stay up (late) 熬夜65. in ones free time在某人的业余时间66. help with housework扶植做家务67. old habits die hard 旧习难改68. play tennis/ basketball/ volleyball打网球/篮球/排球 play soccer/ football 踢足球69. have dance and piano lessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课70. go shopping=do some shopping购物71. spend time with sb.和某人一起度过时间72. sometimes=at times有时二、重点句子：1.How often do you exercise 你你们多久熬炼一次身体？解析：How often + 助动词do(does) + 主语 + do sth. 疑问词how often是问频率(多久一次),一般及一般如今时连用，答复一般是用表示频率的副词，如：always,usually,often, sometimes, hardly ever, , never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month等。Eg1)How often do you go to the factory Twice a week.你们多久到工厂去一次？每星期两次。 Eg2)How often does he go shopping He goes shopping once a month. 每月一次  2.“What do you usually do on weekends “ I usually play soccer.“周末你通常做什么？“我通常踢足球。解析：第一个do为助动词, 而第二个do那么是实义动词。Eg1) I often go to the movies.对划线部分提问 ？3. Whats your favorite program=What program do you like best“Its Animal World.“你最喜爱什么节目？“动物世界。4.As for homework , most students do homework every day .  解析：as for.意思是“至于；关于，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式即动名词。As for the story，you'd better not believe it. 关于那故事，你最好不要信任。 had better (not) do sth最好不干某事 youd =you had As for the man, I know nothing about him. 至于那个人，我什么都不知道。5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . 解析：want to do sth. 意思是“想要做某事；want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事。如：Eg1)Do you want to go to the movies with me？你想和我一起去看电影吗？Eg2)He wants me to help him with his English.他想让我扶植他学习英语。留意：有许多动词后面用这种构造做动词的复合宾语，如：ask sb. to do sth.   叫某人做某事tell sb. to do sth.   告知某人去做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 扶植某人做某事6. She says its good for my health.解析：be good for.表示“对有益有好处；其反义为：be bad for.。这里for 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词如：Eg1)It's good for us to do more reading. 多读书对我们有好处。Eg2)Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。10.I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week .解析：try to do sth.表示“ 尽力/努力做某事  try doing sth.表示“用某一方法试着去做某事。 try ones best to do sth 尽某人最大力气做某事如: Youd better try doing the experiment in another way.你最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验。 We should try our best to learn English well. 我们应当尽最大力气学好英语。11. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.解析：help sb.(to) do sth.扶植某人做某事12. Good food and exercise help me to study better.解析：这里better是well的比较级13.Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different解析：be the same as / be different from 14. What sports do you play   你做什么运动？15. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health . 解析：keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy 保持安康17. That sounds interesting.解析：这是“主语+系动词+表语构造的简洁句。sound听起来，look看起来，smell闻起来，taste尝起来，feel觉得，摸起来，seem好象,grow变得,get变得等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如：Eg1)It tastes good.  这味道好。Eg2)The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。Eg3)The smoke grew heavier and heavier. 烟雾变得越来越浓了。Eg3)Now the days get shorter and the nights get longer.如今白天变长了夜晚变短了。18. I think Im kind of unhealthy.我想我有点担心康。  解析：kind of = a little     a kind of 一种19.Exercise such as playing basketball is fun.像打篮球这样的熬炼是好玩的。 such 可作形容词或代词，意为“如此，这样，那样He is such a clever boy.他是一个如此聪慧的男孩。such 作形容词即可修饰可数名词也可修饰不行数名词，构造为：such a /an +形容词+单数可数名词；such +形容词+复数名词或不行数名词。例如：这些是如此好玩的故事。These are such interesting stories. such as意为“ 例如“像-这样，后跟名词或名词短语。作“例如讲时指列举同类人或事物中的几个例子至少列举两个 He knows five different languages,such as Chinese and Japanese.20.although=though虽然,尽管 ，不能及but连用，即一句话中用了although/though就不能再用 but. 如：Although he is old, he is quite healthy.(He is old, but he is quite healthy.) 虽然他年老了但是他很安康。解析：句子中，有although或though就不行再用but，及之类似的状况：有because就不能再用so. 今日早晨因为下大雨所以我上班迟到了。I was late for work this morning because it rained hard/heavily.This morning it rained hard/heavily,so I was late for work. 21.She says its good for my health.她说它对我的安康有好处。解析：be good for对有益；其反义词组：be bad for对有害如：Eating vegetables is good for your health.吃蔬菜对你的安康有益。辨析：be good for ,be good at ,be good with，be good to be good for“对有益；be good at“擅长于；be good with“和相处的好=get on well with sb如：Im good at playing football.Im good with my classmates.我和我的同学们相处得很好。 be good to sb =be friendly to sb 对某人好/亲善 如：He is good to his classmates.他对他的同学们很好。22.How come怎么回事？how come开头的特别疑问句运用的仍是陈述语序。如：How come you didnt tell me about it=Why didnt you tell me about it你怎么不早点告知我这件事23 介词on in at 用法区分： on 用于指详细某一天，如：on May 1 st在五月一日 on Fathers Day 在父亲节on Mothers Day 在母亲节 on TeachersDay 在老师节on Womens Day 在妇女节on Childrens Day 在儿童节on Monday 在星期一on Monday morning在星期一早晨on the morning of last Monday在上个星期一早晨on a cold winter morning在一个寒冷的冬天早晨 in 用在月份、季节，年头，世纪前和in the morning in the afternoon in the evening 等固定短语中。in July 在七月in spring/summer/autumn/winter在春天in 2021 在2021年in the 20th century在二十世纪23.well,how about Tuesday哦，那星期二怎么样啊 ？解析：How about=What about ，“怎么样，用来向对方征求意见。如：Its very sunny today ,how/what about playing tennis24.Twenty percent of the students dont exercise at all.20%的学生根本不熬炼。解析：“notat all“一点也不；根本不如：He didnt do his homework at all yesterday.昨天他根本没有做作业。拓展：not at all “不客气=you are welcome.如：-Thank you very much.-Not at all./ You are welcome./Its my /a pleasure.分数的表达及用法：数词+percent +of +名词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of后面的名词确定。 如：Eighty percent of the students are boys in our class.我们班80%的学生是男生。 如：Fifty percent of his money is lost.他一半的钱丢了。三、词语辨析1.留意sometimes及几个形似的词的区分。1 sometime是副词，意为“在某个时候，“某时例：Will you come again sometime next week你下周的某个时候还会来吗？2 some time是名词词组，意为“一段时间，做时间状语用例：I will stay here for some time.我将在这呆一段时间。3some times是名词词组，意为“几次，几倍例：I met him some times in the street last month.上个月我在街上遇到他好几次了。4sometimes 是频度副词，意为“有时=at times例：He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends.他有时周末去滑滑板。意为“时间时，为不行数名词。 意为“次数，倍数时，为可数名词， 例1：What time is it例2：I go to the movies three times a week.留意：1“次数的表达方法：一次once；两次twice；三次或三次以上用基数词加上times：three times、five times、one hundred times.2表示“几次的表达方法是：once a day/ a week/ a month/ a year   twice a day/ a week/ a month/ a year及different解析：1same指“一样的，前面通常要有一个定冠词the，经有this，those等词例：We are in the same class.我们在同一个班级。构造：be the same as及.一样 例：His mark is the same as mine.他的分数和我的分数一样。2different译为“不同的，其后的可数名词应为复数形式。例：We are in different classes. 我们在不同的班级。构造：be different from及.不同例：This sweater is different from that one.这件毛衣及那一件不同。different的名词形式为difference, 复数形式为differences。4. hard / hardly1hard: hard既可作形容词，也可作副词。adj. 困难的 =difficult 反义词是easy简洁的adj.硬的，反义词是 soft 软的adv. 努力，用劲地adv. 猛烈地 雨下的大rain hard/heavily例1：It's a hard /difficult question. 这是一个难的问题。例2：The boy studies very hard (adv.). 那男孩学习特别努力2hardly是频度副词，意为“ 几乎不例1I can hardly see it.我几乎看不到它。例2He hardly goes shopping. 他几乎不购物。反意疑问句：It hardly rains here, does it6. 句型“It is+adj.+(for sb)to do sth."和“It is+adj.+(of sb)to do sth.区分1） for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词，如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,important,impossible等;如：It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。2of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或看法的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。如：It's very nice/kind of you to help me. 你来扶植我，你真是太好了。7. across及through区分across为“横穿，及“道路穿插形成“十字，即：从物体外表经过，如：过河、过桥、过公路。而through为在立体空间中的“穿过即：从物体内部经过，如：穿过森林、隧道。如：go through the forest“穿过森林；go across the street “穿过大街8. every day及everyday区分1every day作状语，译为“每一天。如：We go to school at 7:10 every day.我们每天7：10去上学。I decide to read English every day.我确定每天读英语。2everyday 作定语，译为“日常的。如：She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。What's your everyday activity 你的日常活动是什么？2） all day 成天 Dont play computer games all day . 不要成天玩电脑嬉戏。9. mind 名词“头脑，心智；动词“介意 如：Exercise is healthy for the mind and body. 熬炼有益于身心安康。Mind的固定短语：make up ones mind 下决心 change ones mind 变更办法 never mind 没关系作动词时构成句型