全国卷英语高考二轮复习资料完型填空定稿.docx

完形填空考试命题及解题技巧考纲摘录本部分共分两节，考察考生对语法、词汇和语言学问的驾驭状况。第一节：共20小题，每题分，在一篇约250词的短文中留出20个空，要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最正确选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连接。考情表解我们探讨2021年以来的新课标卷，其中2021年开始分新课标卷I和卷II短文特点。卷别年份字数体裁题材(话题、主题或内容)课标卷I2021 260记叙文作者记叙自己的两个孩子扶植一位乞讨者的经验2021234争论文对哪一年龄阶段的人来说，同一事情做久了都会厌倦2021242记叙文作者从一次活动中感受到轮椅上的人生活的种种不便课标卷2021230说明文身势语是无声的和隐私的，也是最强有力的语言2021237记叙文作者记叙20年前的第一堂理科试验课卷别年份字数体裁题材(话题、主题或内容)课标卷II2021 240夹叙夹议本文通过女儿踢足球的经验说明理论是最好的老师2021258记叙文记叙两个挚友登安第斯山脉的修拉格兰德山的故事2021232记叙文讲解并描述一个纽约人21年来始终坚持给路边穷人送手套的故事考点分析卷别课标卷I课标卷课标卷II年份2021 20212021202120212021 20212021选项特点单词名词69787635动词75848666形容词33433234副词33120350从句连词100001(but)00短语短语00111135有单词有短语20011100语法形式根本同一样一样根本同根本同一样一样一样正确选项ABCD分布55555645555555555555555555555555命题揭秘1. 短文特点:长度：约250词，自2021年以来的8套新课标卷中，最长的是260词，最短的是230词。体裁：以记叙文为主，有时是说明文或争论文。内容：传播学问，传递正能量，可读性较强。2.命题特点设空词类：除2021 年 (卷I考察了whatever；卷II考察了but)外，20212021年一般只出名词、动词、形容词、副词四类词，其中2021年和2021年的卷II没有副词。这四类词的比例没有规律性，只是名词和动词相对多些。值得一提的是，卷I有时会出现短语的选项，但是卷II年年都考察短语，其中2021年多达5题。语法形式：同一小题的四个选项通常为同一词类且为同一语法形式。但有时会出现原形(无比较级的副词)及比较级，单数(主要是不行数名词) 及复数名词混杂的状况。不设空词类：代词、冠词、介词。连词一般不考察(但2021 年例外)。不考点：都不考单纯语法、固定搭配、同义词或近义词辨析。四个选项的意义相差很大。3. 正确选项分布正确选项中A、B、C、D的个数均等，都为5个。但2021年课标卷I是根本均等或不完全均等(5645)。在高考中恰当运用此规律，可能会给你增加23分。解题方略完形填空题旨在考察考生的英语根底学问和综合运用实力，重点考察语篇理解实力、逻辑推断实力、及话题相关的背景学问，以及词汇、习惯用法和语言学问的综合运用实力等。也就是说，完形填空是从语篇层次考察考生综合运用语言学问的实力。一个根本方法 完形填空中的每一空填哪个词，在文中必有根据，即文中肯定有信息告知我们该选哪一个。因此，解答完形填空最根本的方法就是从全文动身，根据语境(空格前后)所供应的信息(答题的根据)，结合常识进展适度的推理，做出符合逻辑的推断，从而选出正确的答案。有人归纳为：上下求索找信息。 有的空格的答案信息点在空格前，有的在空格后，有的在前文和后文都有出现，须要综合起来考虑或起互相印证的效果。如：My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ 41 my job. Family to Feed. At this store, a 42 like this is not normal. (2021 课标卷I)41. A. Lost B. Changed C. QuitD. Finished42. A. conditionB. place C. sightD. show留意：虽然绝大多数题只需根据空格所在句的前后信息或空格前后句供应的信息就可以选择正确答案，但有的题的答案信息可能出如今及空格相差几句之遥的地方，甚至下一段或文末。如：Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a 47 . I thought about it When we handed him the bag of When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for 54 whatever his family might need, he burst into tears. 47. A. dollarB. job C. hot mealD. gift card四个解题步骤 1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，用略读法(skimming)把握文章大意，限制在10秒左右。2. 根据语境，初选答案。读懂各句，并在结合语境理解空格所在句或上下句意的根底上，根据各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原那么，先选出那些自己有把握的选项，并可将所选词速写在空格处。对少数难题，短暂跳过，或许在上文中难以推断的题在下文中就有示意或者明显的提示；或许一个在前面不能解的题，在填出了另一空后你就会豁然开朗。3. 复读全文，解决难题。借助已经补全的空格，我们对全文有了更清晰的理解，可以集中解决遗留的少数疑难问题。4. 利用规律，不留空格。我们知道，高考中正确选项A、B、C、D的个数是均等的，即每个选项5个。我们在做好有把握的题后，哪个字母的选项最少就选哪个字母，决不留空。五个微技能 1. 背景常识：将相关信息和我们原有的生活经验、文化背景学问以及科普常识等结合起来，进展简洁推理，从而得出正确答案。事实上，该技巧及“逻辑推断经常交织在一起，因为虽有背景常识，但仍需简洁推理；逻辑推理离不开背景常识。如：Where do you go when you want to learn something School A friend A tutor These are all 41 places of learning. (2021 课标卷) A. public B. traditional C. official D. special2. 前后搭配：主要指动词及介词的搭配、动宾搭配及句式搭配等。能不能搭配，除涉及词语的用法外，还需结合常识来推断。如：It 57 me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on the team. (2021 课标卷)A. confused B. struck C. reminded D. warned3. 词语同现：某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中有同时出现的倾向性，叫词语同现，也有人称之为“词场。同现词之间有反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等。如ill, hospital, doctor, nurse, operation, medicine, patient等一类互相关联的词语就有同时出如今一个语篇中的可能性。如：In the store, I asked each of my kids to 45 something they thought our “friend there would appreciate. (2021 课标卷I) 45. A. drawB. say C. arrangeD. pick4. 词语复现：词语复现是指某一个词以原词或同义词等方式在同一语篇中重复出现。语篇中的句子通过复现关系到达互相连接的目的。词语复现又可分为原词复现、同源词复现(又叫同根词复现)、同义或近义词复现(包括及近义词的同根词复现，如ill及sickness)、上下义复现(即总括及分述，如animal 是sheep， tiger, wolf等的上义词；rose 是flower 的下义词)、反义复现如wrong及right等。理解词语复现这种连接手段，有助于快速精确地解答完形填空题。如:1. I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity (时机) to move up through the company into different 31 . 2021课标卷 A. situations B. choices C. directions D. positions 2. My first job was just one I decided to try for a couple of years until I 49 what I want to do as a career (职业). (2021课标卷) A. determinedB. examined C. experiencedD. introduced3. I had the chance of seeing this first hand on a 44 . This led to some painful experiences on Saturday (2021 课标卷) A. trip B. holiday C. weekend D. square5. 逻辑关系：根据上下文的逻辑关系来推断正确答案。逻辑关系包括因果关系、比照关系、并列关系、转折关系、让步关系、递进关系、条件及结果的关系等。如：1. My 10-year-old noticed him and make a comment on how bad it must be to have to stand 44 in the cold wind. (2021 课标卷) A. outside B. proudly C. by D. angrily2. A pair of gloves may be a 35 thing, but it can make a big difference in winter. (2021课标卷) A. small B. useful C. delightful D. comforting【高考真题】2021年全国I卷第二节 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。 I went to a group activity, “Sensitivity Sunday which was to make us more _36_ the problem faced by disabled people. We were asked to “_37_ a disability for several hours one Sunday. Some member _38_ chose the wheel chair. Others wore sound-blocking earplugs (耳塞) or blindfolds (眼罩). Just sitting in the wheelchair was a _39_ experience. I had never considered before how _40_ it would be to use one. As soon as I sat down, my _41_ made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not _42_. Then I wondered where to put my _43_. It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into _44_. I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of _45_ for several hours. For disabled people, “adopting a wheelchair is not a temporary (临时的) _46_. I tried to find a _47_ position and thought it might be restful, _48_ kind of nice, to be _49_ around for a while. Looking around, I _50_ I would have to handle the thing myself! My hands started to ache as I _51_ the heavy wheels. I came to know that controlling the _52_ of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n) _53_ task. My wheelchair experiment was soon _54_. It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability gave me only a taste of the _55_, both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome. 36. A. curious about B. aware of C. interested in D. careful with 37. A. cure B. adopt C. prevent D. analyze 38. A. instead B. strangely C. as usual D. like me 39. A. learning B. working C. satisfying D. relaxing 40. A. convenient B. awkward C. boring D. exciting 41. A. height B. force C. skill D. weight 42. A. locked B. repaired C. powered D. grasped 43. A. hands B. feet C. keys D. handles 44. A. place B. action C. play D. effect 45. A. operation B. communication C. transportation D. production 46. A. exploration B. education C. experiment D. ntertainment 47. A. flexible B. safe C. starting D. comfortable 48. A. yet B. just C. still D. even 49. A. shown B. pushed C. driven D. guided 50. A. realized B. suggested C. agreed D. admitted 51. A. lifted B. turned C. pressed D. seized 52. A. path B. position C. direction D. way 53. A. easy B. heavy C. major D. extra 54. A. forgotten B. repeated C. conducted D. finished 55. A. weaknesses B. anxieties C. challenges D. illnesses 2021年全国I卷第三部分 英语学问运用第一节 完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C 和 D中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this _41_ at work in people of all _42_. For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about _43_ with their new toys. But their _44_ soon wears off and by January those _45_ toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of _46_ stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someones _47_ interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child _48_ bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the _49_ of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great _50_ but are soon looking forward to _51_. The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many _52_, who now complain (埋怨) about the long drives to work, _53_ drove for hours at a time when they first _54_ their drivers license (执照) Before people retire, they usually _55_ to do a lot of _56_ things, which they never had _57_ to do while working. But _58_ after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they _59_. And, like the child in January, they go searching for new _60_. 41. A. principle B. habit C. weaker D. power 42. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages 43. A. working B. living C. playing D. going 44. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow 45. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive 46. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly-collected D. half-filled 47. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main 48. A. silently B. impatiently C. gladly D. worriedly 49. A. promise B. burden C. right D. game 50. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement 51. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success 52. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees 53. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervously D. bravely 54. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered 55. A. need B. learn C. start D. plan 56. A. great B. strong C. difficult D. correct 57. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge 58. A. only B. well C. even D. soon. 59. A. lost B. chose C. left D. quit60. A. pets B. toys C. friendsD. colleagues 2021 年全国I卷第三部分 英语学问运用第一节 完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C 和 D中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “_41_ my job. Family to Feed. At this store, a _42_ like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and made a _43_ on how bad it must be to have to stand _44_ in the cold wind. In the store, I asked each of my kids to _45_ something they thought our “friend there would _46_. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a _47_. I thought about it. We were _48_ on cash ourselves, but . well, sometimes _49_ from our need instead of our abundance is _50_ what we need to do! All the kids _51_ something they could do away with for the week. When we handed him the bag of _52_, he lit up and thanked us with _53_ eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for _54_ his family might need, he burst into tears. This has been a wonderful _55_ for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can _56_! Things would have played out so _57_ if I had simply said, “No, we really dont have _58_ to give more. Stepping out not only helped a brother in _59_, it also gave my kids the _60_ taste of helping others. Itll go a long way with them. 41. A. Lost B. Changed C. Quit D. Finished 42. A. condition B. place C. sight D. show 43. A. suggestion B. comment C. decision D. call 44. A. outside B. proudly C. by D. angrily 45. A. draw B. say C. arrange D. pick 46. A. order B. supply C. appreciate D. discover 47. A. dollar B. job C. hot meal D. gift card 48. A. easy B. low C. soft D. loose 49. A. giving B. saving C. spending D. begging 50. A. yet B. even C. still D. just 51. A. declared B. shared C. ignored D. expected 52. A. toys B. medicine C. food D. clothes 53. A. sleepy B. watery C. curious D. sharp 54. A. whoever B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 55. A. experience B. example C. message D. adventure 56. A. rely on B. respect C. learn from D. help 57. A. suddenly B. vividly C. differently D. perfectly 58. A. time B. power C. patience D. money 59. A. fear B. love C. need D. memory 60. A. strong B. sweet C. strange D. simple【精选模拟】Passage 1 I met Mrs. Neidl in the ninth grade on a stage-design team for a play and she was one of the directors. I loved her the first time I saw her. She had an 1 voice and a direct way of speaking, but she was encouraging and 2 . Mrs. Neidl would ask me for my 3 . She wanted to know how I thought we should 4 with things. At first I had no 5 how to answer because I 6 nothing about stage design! But I slowly began to respond to her 7 . Mrs. Neidls 8 that year was, “Try it. We will get better and better 9 ! At first, I was so afraid of failing, but Mrs. Neidl believed that I could do well. With the encouragement of Mrs. Neidl I became more 10 and went all out. The shy, quiet freshman achieved success that year. I was 11 in the program as “Student Art Assistant because of the time and 12 Id put in. It was in that year that I 13 I wanted to spend the rest of my life doing stage design.Being on that stage-design team with Mrs. Neidl 14 me completely. Not only was I stronger and more able than I had thought, but I also 15 a strong interest and a world I hadnt known existed. She taught me not to 16 what people think I should do. She taught me to take chances and not to be 17 . Mrs. Neibl was my comforter when I was 18 . Her 19 in me has inspired me to do things that I never imagined 20 .1. A. unhappy B. unpleasant C. unsure D. unfair2. A. inspiring B. friendly C. careful D. clever3. A. reason B. dr