高中英语阅读训练习题及答案1.docx

A (words:311&225)The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals.Nowadays central government is directly responsible for the NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, such as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment.Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community. As the population of Britain gets older, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitalsmany of which were built in the nineteenth century provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Britain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours.During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility. The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from.41. We can know from the first paragraph that _.A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybodyB. people didnt have to pay for health care since the NHS was set upC. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers42. What do we know about the NHSA. Its managed by the central government.B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions.C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe.D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care.43. All the following statements about GPs are true except that they _.A. take care of the local peoples healthB. often take part in competitions to see who is the bestC. work under high pressure nowadaysD. have more responsibilities than before44. What does the underlined word “exempt” probably meanA. sufferingB. different C. preventedD. free45. The biggest problem for the NHS is _.A. many hospitals are too old to be usedB. some services are in the charge of individualsC. more and more patients go to GPs for treatmentD. there is not enough money for further reform【答案与解析】 4145 CCBDD国家保健中心由中央政府干脆负责，但由地方当局管理。建立国家保健中心的最初目的是为农村居民供应免费的根本安康护理，尤其儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。41. C。细微环节理解题。依据最终一自然段最终一句可知，建立国家保健中心的最初目的是为农村居民供应免费的根本安康护理，而不是针对全部的人，所以前两项错误。42. C。细微环节理解题。依据第4自然段“The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe”可知。从第二自然段第一句可以看出国家保健中心由中央政府干脆负责，但由地方当局管理，所以A项错误。43. B。细微环节理解题。依据最终一自然段话“and encouraging GPs to compete for patients”可知政府激励全科医生之间互相竞争，而不是让他们进展竞赛，看谁的医术高超。44. D。揣测词义题。前面提到医生开药方及给病人治疗牙病须要收费，再结合but一词可推断儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。45. D。细微环节理解题。依据最终一自然段最终一句可知。BParents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do，and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made; washing can go to the laundry; food can be bought; cooked，canned or preserved; bread is baked and delivered by the baker; milk arrives on the doorstep; meats can be had at the restaurant，the works canteen，and the school dining-room.It is unusual now for father to pursue his trade or other employment at home，and his children rarely，if ever，see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their fathers occupation，and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money，and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence. In textile areas it has long been customary for mothers to go out to work，but this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual factor in a childs home life，the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. When mother works, economic advantages accrue，but children lose something of great value if mothers employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school.41. The writer mentions home as workshop because_.A. fathers often pursue employment at homeB. parents had to make food and necessity themselves for their daily-lifeC. many families produce goods at home for saleD. both fathers and mothers and mothers in most families are workers答案：B。细微环节理解题。解析：从第一段可知。 42. The writer says that home has become much less of a workshop. He means_.A. in the past, home was more like a workshopB. home is much more of a workshop nowC. home-workshops are becoming fewer and fewerD. home was less like a workshop in the past答案：A。推理推断题。解析：从第一句“Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do，and home become much less of a workshop.” 和下文所述可知，过去日常生活所需大局部都由自己做，“家”就如a workshop一样。 43.The word“accrue”in the sentence“When mother.accrue，”is closest in meaning to _.A. changeB. dwindleC. doubleD. increase答案：D。词义揣测题。解析：从“When mother works, economic advantages accure.”可推断出。44. The chief reason that boys are seldom trained to follow their fathers occupation is _.A. that children nowadays rarely see their fathers at their place of workB. that fathers do not like to pursue employment at home any moreC. that there is a wide choice of employment for childrenD. that children also like to have jobs outside答案：C。推理推断题。解析：由“.in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money.”可知答案。45. What makes father no longer the only dominant person in a familyA. With their earning，mother and children do not need to depend on father for their life.B. There are many choice of employment for mothers and children.C. Father does much less for his children today than he used to.D. The number of married women in employment has increased greatly now.答案：A。细微环节理解题。解析： 见第二段“With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant figure that he still was at the beginning of the century.”。C（words:190&203）Artificial(假的) flowers are used for scientific as well as for decorative purposes. They are made from a variety of materials, such as wax and glass, so skillfully that they can scarcely be distinguished from natural flowers. In making such models, painstaking and artistry are called for, as well as thorough knowledge of plant structure. The collection of glass flowers in the Botanical Museum of Harvard University is the most famous in North America and is widely known throughout the scientific world. In all, there are several thousand models in colored glass, the work of two artist-naturalists, Leopold Blaschka and his son Rudolph.The intention was to have the collection represent at least one member of each flower family native to the United States. Although it was never completed. It contains more than seven hundred species representing 164 families of flowering plants, a group of fruits showing the effect of fungus diseases, and thousands of flower parts and magnified details. Every detail of these is accurately reproduced in color and structure. The models are kept in locked cases as they are too valuable and fragile for classroom use.51. Which of the following is the best title for the passageA. An Extensive Collection of Glass Flowers B. The Lives of Leopold and RudolphC. Flowers Native to the United StatesD. Material Used for Artificial Flowers52. It can be inferred from the passage that the goal of Leopold and Rudolph was to _.A. create a botanical garden where only exotic flowers grewB. do a thorough study of plant structureC. make a copy of one member of each United States flower familyD. show that glass are more realistic than wax flowers53.The underlined word “it” refers to _.A. the intention B. the collectionC. one memberD. each flower family54. Which of the following is NOT included in the display at the Botanical Museum of Harvard UniversityA. Models of 164 families of flowering plants.B. Magnified details of flower parts.C. Several species of native birds.D. A group of diseased fruits.55. Which of the following statements is true of the flowers at Harvard UniversityA. They form a completed collection.B. They have a marvelous fragrance.C. They are loaned to schools for classroom use.D. They use authentic representations.【答案与解析】 5155 ACBCD51.A。细微环节理解题。短文说明了美国the Botanical Museum of Harvard University保藏玻璃花的目的、保藏品的丰富、精致的细微环节等内容,所以用An Extensive Collection of Glass Flowers作标题最适宜。52.C。推理推断题。依据第二段的“The intention was to have the collection represent at least one member of each flower family native to the United States.”可知保藏的目的是把美国全部的花都复制一种。53.B。推理推断题。依据它前后的内容:目的是使保藏能代表美国的每一类花,尽管还没有完成,只能是保藏还没有完成。54.C。细微环节理解题。信息来自第二段的内容,C项的内容在第二段中没有提及,其他各项的内容都有相关的说明。55.D。推理推断题。依据第二段的“Every detail of these is accurately reproduced in color and structure.”可知这些玻璃花的每一个细微环节都制作得很精致,都是真实的再现。D（words:163&195）Very few people were coming to eat at the White Rose Restaurant, and its owner did not know what to do. The price was reasonable and the food was of good quality, but nobody seemed to want to eat there. Then he did something that changed all that, and in a few weeks his restaurant is always full of men with their lady friends. Whenever a gentleman came in with a lady, a smiling waiter gave each of them a menu(菜单), The menu looked exactly the same on the outside, but there was an important difference inside. The menu that the waiter gave to the man supplied the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine. while the menu that he gave to the lady supplied a much higher price! So when the man calmly ordered dish after dish and wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous(大方) than he really was.41. Why didnt people come to the White Rose Restaurant to eat at firstA. Because the price was high. B. Because the food was too cheap.C. Because the food was not good. D. The passage didnt mention.42. According to the passage we can conclude that the people who eat at this restaurant are mostly _.A. poor old people B. rich young people C. men with their girl friends D. parents with their children43. The difference between the two kinds of menu lie in _.A. the color B. the shape C. the price D. the food44. According to the passage we can infer that when men with their girl friends eat at this restaurant, the food was paid _.A. always by the ladies only B. always by the men only C. sometimes by the ladies D. either by the men or by the ladies45. According to the passage we can know that, generally speaking, _. A. men are more generous than women B. women are more generous than menC. men like their lady friends to be generous. D. women like their men friends to be generous 【答案与解析】 4145 DCCBDA篇：本文主要讲解并描述: 尽管 White Rose 餐馆价钱合理，饭菜也好，但很少有人光临，店主为此想出了一条妙计，从今餐馆生意兴隆。41. D。推理推断题。依据第一自然段可知原文没有说人们为什么不到餐馆就餐，所以答案为D。42. C。细微环节理解题。依据第二自然段第1句 his restaurant is always full of men with their lady friends 可知答案为 C。43. C。细微环节理解题。依据第二自然段 The menu that the waiter gave to the man supplied the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine. Whilethe lady supplied a much higher price 可知答案为 C。44. B。推理推断题。依据最终一句 So when the man calmly ordered dish after dish and wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous than he really was 可推断出答案为B。45. D。推理推断题。依据原文可知侍者给男士的那个菜单价格合理，而给女士的那个菜单价格却很高，但两种菜单外表上看却一样，这样女士就会认为她们的男友很大方，因此餐馆的这种做法很受男士欢送，由此可知女人们喜爱自己的男友大方。所以答案为 D。