英语中考复习教案专题五情态动词1.docx
学习过程情态动词适用学科初中英语适用年级初中三年级适用区域江苏课时时长(分钟)120学问点情态动词的用法学习目的驾驭情态动词的用法可以应用情态动词进展解题体会情态动词的感情色调学习重点情态动词的用法学习难点体会情态动词的感情色调一、复习预习复习上节内容,画助动词、实义动词的时态特点图,词性与句子成分对应图二、学问讲解考点1-情态动词特点与分类1、情态动词:情态动词具有有确定的词义,没有人称与数的改变,不能单独作谓语,必需与谓语动词连用才能构成谓语,给谓语动词增加情态色调,表示说话人的看法、看法、语气、愿望或推想等。2、情态动词分类:只做情态动词:must,can(could),may(might),ought to可做情态动词又可做实义动词:need,dare可做情态动词又可做助动词:shall(should),will(would)具有情态动词特征:have(had) to,used to 考点2-情态动词用法用法:情态动词+行为动词原形 情态动词数量不多,但用处广泛,主要有下列: can /could, may/might, must, need, ought to, dare/dared, shall/should, will/would,have(to) ,had better. must与have to的用法1. 表示必需、必要、确定。(must表示主观多一些而have to则表示客观多一些)如: You must come in time. 答复must的问句时,确定答复为must,否认答复用needn't或don't have to。 Must we hand in our exercise books today Yes, you must. (No,you neednt.或No, you dont have to.) 2. Must用于确定的推断、推想时,表示的可能性最强。The light is on ,so he must be at home now.其反义疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成She must have seen the film before, hasnt sheYou must met uncle wang in the shop yesterday, _3. 否认形式mustnt表示“确定不要、千万别、制止、不许”You mustnt play with fire.will与would的用法1. 表示恳求、建议等,would比will委婉客气。如: Would you pass me the book 2. 表示意志、愿望与决心。如: I will never do that again. They asked if we would do that again. can (could) 用法:can (could) 表示说话人能,可以,准许,以及客观条件答应,could 为 can 的过去式(1).can表示实力,译为“能、会”即某种实力是与生俱来的,Could表示过去的实力She can swim fast,but i cant.He could write poems when he was 10*此时可以用be able to 来表示与替代(2) .can表示答应或者恳求,常用于口语中。 Could在疑问句中表示委婉的语气,此时没有过去时的意思you can use my dictionary。 Can you pass me the booksCould you do me a favour Could i use your pen(3).can表示推想,意为“可能”,常用于疑问句与否认句,cant 为“不行能” Can the news be trueIt cant be our teacher, he is on the visit to the Great Wall may (might) 用法(1).may表示恳求、答应,比can/could正式 You may take the book home. 你可以把书带回家去. May I come in 我可以进来吗(2) .may表示推想,议论可能性时,意为“或许、可能”,一般用于确定句中Might为may的过去时,表推想时可能性低于mayIt may rain rain tomorrow. She may be at homeHe is away from school,he might be sick(3) .may表示盼望、祈求、祝福时,通常构造“may+主语+动词”May you have a good time shall 用法表示征求对方意见,多用于第一第三人称:shall we go out for a walkshould 用法(1).should意为“应当”,表示劝说、建议、责任、义务We should protect the environment(2).should 还可以表示推想,可能性较大,仅次于mustHer face turn red, she should be shy need 用法(1) .表示须要、必需,主要用于否认句与疑问句中其否认形式为neednt,意为“没有必要,不必”用need 提问时,确定答复为must,否认答复为neednt或dont have toNeed i stay here any longer-yes, you must.-No ,you neednt/dont have to(2) .need 还可以作实义动词,此时有人称与数的改变。 以人做主语,常接不定式 i need to do it right now以物作主语,常接 need doing 都是被动意义 Need to be doneThe door needs painting = the door need to be painteddare用法意为“敢于,敢”,用法近似need 作情态动词,多用于疑问、否认或条件句中,无三单形式,只有一般如今时与一般 过去时 作实义动词,有人称与数的改变,后加to不定式,口语中常省略tohad better 用法意为“最好”,没有人称的改变,后接不带头的不定式。否认had better not考点3-感情色调强弱比拟表推想可能性由大到小must should can could may mightMust表示确定的推想,一般用于确定句中Should表示的可能性较大,仅次于mustIt is already 10 oclock they should be thereCan 表示推想时用于否认与疑问句中 that man cant be her husbands,he is singleCould 表推想时语气比can弱,表示说话留有余地Could it be an animal -it could not be,because it is not movingMay 表推想议论可能性时,意为“或许、可能”,一般用于确定句中Might表推想时,不确定为may的过去时,只是表示可能性低于may考点4-情态动词的否认1. mustnt否认形式表示“确定不要、千万别、制止、不许”You mustnt play with fire.mustnt 也可用于答复May的答应疑问句中May i stand here-no, you mustnt/ cant2. cant否认形式表示实力时,为“不行能”表示答应或恳求时,表制止、不许,用来答复“may i ./can i .”问句May i come in-no, you mustnt/ cant表示推想时,表达不行能还可以用于一些习语中. cant help doing不由自主做 cant wait to do迫不及待做。3. May not 否认形式为“可能不”, she may not be at home4. Neednt 否认形式为不必。You neednt meet him unless youd like to Neednt have done 表不须要完成但已完成的动作,暗含奢侈时间精力You neednt have bought it5. Shouldnt 表不应当,you shouldnt feel so unhappy over such little things Shouldnt have done 表不应当完成但已完成的动作,表对过去动作的责怪指责You shouldnt have borrowed his money考点4-情态动词的疑问句答复1. 对may引出的问句答复方式:Yes,you may/Yes,certainly/Sure. No, you mustnt/ cant2. 对must引出的问句答复方式:Yes,.must. No, .neednt / dont have to 3. 对could引出的问句表示委婉的语气,此时could没有过去时的意思答复方式:Yes,you can No, you cant4. 对shall引出的问句,只用于第一人称,表示征求对方意见或客气的恳求答复方式:Yes,please/all right No,thank you5. 对would you.引出的问句答复方式:Yes,i will/Sure/all right/OK/with pleasure No,i wont / im sorry,i cant/No,thank you五、课程小结