英语鲁教版七年级下册 unit4知识点.docx
Unit 4 How do you make a banana milk shake【重难点】 1、本单元重点词汇、句型 2、祈使句的类型 3、 可数名词与不行数名词量的表达1. turn on(off翻开、接通关掉(电器 2.cut up 切碎 3.pourinto把倒入 4. milk shake奶昔 5.addto把加到上 6.a piece of 一片,一张,一条,一块,一首 7.how many/how much 多少 8.two spoons of 两茶匙 9. fillwith 用把装满 10.coverwith用覆盖/盖着 11.make a banana milk shake 制作香蕉奶昔 12.turkey slices火鸡切片 13.heres a recipe for.这儿是制作的食谱 14.at this time在这时 15.slices of duck =duck slices 鸭肉片 16.a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶 17.need some help须要一些扶植 18.puton把放在的上面 19.one by one一个接一个 20. some lettuce 一些生菜 不行数(bread, butter)1. peel 【用法】peel 意为“剥,削(水果的皮)”,为及物动词,其后既可接名词、代词作宾语,也可接双宾语,即peel sb. sth. 或peel sth. for sb.,意为“给某人削(剥)果皮”。 2.slice 【用法】slice意为“薄片,切片”,常用短语a slice of表示“一片”。 【例句】 What he needed was just a slice of chicken. 他所须要的仅仅是一片鸡肉。 3.top 【用法】top是名词,意为“顶;上部”,on the top意为“在上面”;on 表示在一个面上,top后常接of。 【例句】1. The mountain tops are covered with snow. 山顶遍布积雪。 2. She put some sugar on the top of her cake. 她在蛋糕上加上糖。 4.pour 【用法】pour是动词,意为 倒, 往倒, 倾泻。常用短语及句型有:pour down“大雨倾盆而下”、pourinto“把倒进”、pour sth for sb=pour sb sth“为某人倒” 【例句】1. She poured some orange juice into my glass. 她往我的杯子里倒了些橘子汁。 2. Would you like to pour me a cup of coffee, please. 请给我倒一杯咖啡好吗 3. The rain is pouring down. 天正在下滂沱大雨. 5.amount 【用法】 n. 总数;总额;量。amount用来修饰不行数名词,常用短语是a large amount of. 【例句】 The amount of money is 2,000 dollars. 钱的总额是两千美元。6.need 【用法】v. 须要。做实义动词,可以干脆带宾语,也可以和带to的不定式连用,可用于各种构造。 【例句】1. I need some help. 我须要一些扶植。 2. They didnt need to go. 他们不必去。 3. The bike needs to be repaired. 这辆自行车须要修理。 【拓展】need做情态动词。need做情态动词表示“须要”,主要用于否认及疑问句中,没有时态与人称的改变,后加动词原形。 【例句】Need I come 要我来吗? Yes, you must. 是,你得来。 No, you neednt. 不,你不必来。 练习: 1. What sort of house do you want to have Something big Well, it _be big thats not important. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont 2. “Must we do it now” “No, you _.” A. wont B. neednt C. cant D. dont 3. You _ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do. A. neednt to come B. dont need come C. dont need coming D. neednt come 4. You _ return the book now. You can keep it till next week if you like. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not7.mix 【用法】v. 混合;混在一起。常用短语mix up 搅匀;搅和;混淆;弄乱,其构造为动词加副词构成,后接名词或代词做宾语,名词可以放在中间或者后面,代词只能放中间。 【例句】1. You should mix up all the ingredients. 你要把全部的材料混合起来。 2. Its too easy to mix him up with his brother. They look the same. 8.finally 【用法】adv. 最终地;最终可放于句首、句中或句末。其形容词为final。 【例句】1. I worked out the maths problem finally. 最终我算出了那道数学题。 2. We are getting ready for the final exam. 我们正在为期末考试做打算。 9.turn on 【用法】turn on意为“翻开,旋开(电灯、煤气、自来水、无线电等)”,其反义词组是turn off “关(水源、煤气、电灯等)。 留意:“开(关)门、窗、盒子”等用动词open和close。 【例句】1. Its too dark. Please turn on the light. 太黑了,请开灯吧。 2. Please turn off the TV when you leave the room. 分开房间的时候请关掉电视机。 【考察点】短语辨析:turn on, turn off, turn up, turn down turn on意为“(把水源、煤气、电源等)翻开”,其反义词组为turn off;turn down 意为“(把收音机的音量、灯等)关小、调低”,其反义词组为turn up。 这些短语中on, off, up, down都是副词,后接代词作宾语时,代词要放在副词的前面。 10.cut up 【用法】cut up 意为“切碎”,是由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语,代词作宾语时只能放在中间,名词作宾语时既可放在其中间也可放在副词up的后面。 11.one more thing“还有一件事” 【用法】基数词+more+名词,意为“再,又,还”=another+基数词+名词 【例句】Two more apples=another two apples 12.fill 【用法】强调动作:fillwith把用装满;fillinto把装入 【例句】1. The farmer fills the bag with corn. 2. He filled the books into the boxes. 强调状态:be filled with装满了=be full of 13.cover 【用法】n.覆盖物,盖子;封皮the cover of the book v.覆盖,盖上 coverwith 用盖上,强调动作:Cover the dish with newspapers. be covered with被覆盖,强调状态:The outside is all covered with snow. 14.serve 【用法】v.效劳,接待,供应 serve (to sb.)(给)供应=serve sb. (with) sth. 【例句】The hotel serve the guests (with) breakfast. 1、How many bananas do we need 【用法】how many意为“多少”,后接可数名词的复数形式,用来提问可数名词的数量。 【例句】1. How many books do you have About 50. 2. How many monkeys are there in the zoo 3、How much yogurt do we need 【用法】how much亦意为“多少”,询问不行数名词的数量,后接不行数名词;how much还可以用来提问价格。 【例句】1. How much milk is there in the cup 2. How much is the coat 80 yuan. 【语法点学习】 (一)祈使句 含义:用来表达恳求、吩咐、警告、制止等得句子,以动词原形开头。例句 1. Have a cup of milk shake.Dont have any milk shake. 2. Be careful, please.Dont be careless. 3. Let them leave here.Let them not leave here. 4. Do be careful when you cross the road.(强调句)过公路时你务必当心。 5. You do as I told you.(强调句)你根据我所说的做。 (二) 可数名词与不行数名词 英语中的物质名词大体上可分为可数名词和不行数名词两类。 1. 可数名词 可数名词指物体的数量可数。其单数形式可在名词前加a或an,表示“一个”,如:a banana。其复数形式要在词尾加s或es(特别状况除外),如:two bananas。 2. 不行数名词 不行数名词指物体的数量不行数。不行数名词没有单复数之分,也不能在词前干脆加冠词a或an。表示不行数名词的数量时可在不行数名词前加相应的数量词构成短语。如:a piece of, a glass of, a bottle of., a bag of, a teaspoon of等。 题: 1. How much yogurt do we need We need . A. two yogurt B. two teaspoons of yogurt C. two yogurts D. two teaspoons of yogurt。2. Its good to have_ every day. A. two glass of milk B. two glass of milks C. two glasses of milk D. two glasses of milks (三) . 可数名词与不行数名词的修饰词 1)可数名词的单数形式可在名词前干脆加a或an,表示“一个”,如:an apple。其复数形式要在词尾加s或es(特别状况除外),如:two oranges (两个桔子)。可数名词的数量除了用冠词a,an和基数词表示外,还可用下面的数量词表示: many 很多 如:many apples 很多苹果 a few 几个 如:a few students 几个学生 few 很少 如:few people 很少人 2)不行数名词还可用下面的数量词表示数量: much 很多 如:much rain 大量的雨 a little 一点儿 如:a little water 一点儿水 little 很少 如:little meat 一丁点儿肉 3)既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不行数名词的数量词有: lots of = a lot of很多,大量 如:lots of paper 大量的纸 a lot of books 很多书 some 一些(用于确定句) 如:some water一些水 some cups 一些杯子 4)可数名词复数形式的构成方法 名词单数变复数口诀: <一>名词单数变复数,干脆加-s的占多数; 词尾若是-s,-x,-ch,sh,干脆加上-es。 词尾若是f或fe,加-s之前要变ve; “辅音字母+y”,要把y变i再加-es。 词尾字母若是o,加-es的有hero,tomato和potato等;加-s的有photo,radio等。 还有一些不规则改变: 男人女人变一个;脚牙一变变一双;小孩后面加三个。鹿和绵羊是一家,单数复数无改变。详细单词如下: man-men woman-women policeman(男警察)-policemen policewoman(女警察)-policewomen mouse-mice child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth fish-fish sheep-sheep deer -deer people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese <二>以-f(e)结尾的名词变复数 树叶半数自己黄,妻子拿刀去割粮,架后窜出一只狼,就像小偷逃命忙。 leafleaves halfhalves wifewives knifeknives shelfshelves wolfwolves thiefthieves 两个特例:roofroofs, scarfscarfs /scarves <三>表示“某国人”的名词变复数 中日不变英法变,其他-s加后面。 Chinese, Japanese, Englishman, Frenchman, American, Australian, German 【即学即练】 1. Can I help you Bring us two _ , please. A. teaspoons of butter B. teaspoon of butter C. teaspoon of butters D. teaspoons of butters 2. Please give me _. . A. three cup of tea B. three cups of teas C. three cup tea D. three cups of tea 3. There are two _in the basket. A. potatoes B. tomatoes C. potatoes D. zoos 4. I want to put some _ (sugar) in the porridge.