My_Last_Duchess翻译_和赏析43934(4页).doc

- "My Last Duchess" - <我已故的公爵夫人>诗歌欣赏: 罗伯特.布朗宁(Robert.Browning) - 我已故的公爵夫人(:My Last Duchess")Robert Browning: a famous 19th century (Victorian) British poet, particularly well-known for his early monologue "My Last Duchess" (我的已故的公爵夫人). In the poem, a duke speaks about his dead wife. The poem is about murder, mystery and intrigue, but all in indirect allusions (暗示). Readers may sense that the duke kills his wife or causes her death, but no evidence is shown. The language of the poem is difficult to understand. The use of dramatic monologue forces readers to work hard to find the meaning behind the duke's words. When talking about Robert Browning, we have to mention his wife, Elizabeth Barrett Browning. She was a famous poet, too. She wrote many sonnets, a type of 14 line poem, the same as Shakespeare did. Elizabeth and her husband Robert had a great love affair, almost like a movie. Browning was six years younger than his wife. They ran away to Italy to get married.诗歌最后一段中所提的“海神”和“海马”的形象更进一步揭露了这位公爵的本性。在此段中，“海马”类比了公爵夫人，是他驯服的对象，可见其专横:“为我用铜铸的”表现了他的自大;而诗中隐含的欲将公爵夫人变为他的一个收藏品的意图又揭示了他的残忍。“不论是残暴还是贪婪，他都出之以最合礼貌的文雅语言。由此可见，在勃朗宁的戏剧独白诗中，判断不是封闭的，而是间接的，要靠每个读者自己去演绎。大致可分为两类:1.主 人 公 要说的和他真实说出的话之间的矛盾。在 我 已 故的公爵夫人中，公爵本欲指责他已故的公爵夫人，却在无意之中赞扬了她的纯洁和善良。对这位夫人，尽管公爵本人觉得不甚满意，读者却从他的话中产生了截然不同的印象:公 爵 夫 人脸上的红晕和微笑令公爵反感，而读者感到的却是一份纯真。因此，不管公爵对这位年轻的夫人如何贬低和指责，我们对她却颇有好感。相反，诗中体现的公爵的品行却令人厌恶。不管他是如何竭力扮作艺术的贵族资助人和谦和待客的绅士，都无法掩饰他灵魂的卑劣。2.表 象 和 实质之间的矛盾勃 朗 宁 的戏剧独白诗善于透过主人公为了适应社会角色小扮演的表面的自我来揭示其本质的、真实的自我。用勃朗宁自己的话讲，他喜欢“揭示灵魂的面纱。他的许多戏剧独白诗就像是“脱衣舞，”对人物隐藏起来的真实灵魂进行层层揭露，从而体现笼统的传统形象和具体的个人形象之间无法避免的差异。“公爵”在人们想来应该是威严、大度和仁慈的。在我已故的公爵夫人一诗中却不然。这位公爵虽貌似尊贵，内心却是极端狭隘、残忍和贪婪。这一形象给读者的是强烈的震撼，也反映了勃朗宁对形形色色的人物灵魂深处的敏锐洞察。第 4 页-