2022初中英语主谓一致之就远原则全部重要知识点.docx

2022初中英语主谓一致之就远原则全部重要知识点单选题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）1、 Mr Black with his wife visiting China now.A . areB . isC . wereD . was答案：B解析：试题解析：主语是Mr Black,介词短语with his wife是主语的定语，故谓语动词必须选用单数形式。此类用作定语的介词 短语还有except, but等。故选B2、Henry, with his friends,volleyball every Sunday afternoon.A . playB . playsC . don't playD . are play答案：B解析：句意：亨利和他的朋友们每星期日下午打排球。考查主谓一致。A. play动词原形；B. plays三单形式；C. don't play主语是复数谓语动词的否定形式；D. are play错误形式。with :和，介词，其后必须跟名词或代词作其宾 语，表示“和一起”“跟”和一道等之意。故其后跟人称代词时应用其宾格形式。A with B做主语时，是就远原则，谓语动词看A的形式，A是复数，谓语动词用复数形式，A是单数谓语动词用单数。Henry是第 三人称单数可知谓语动词用单数，故选B。3、James with the Greens going to the park if it tomorrow.A . are, won1 t rainB . are, doesb t rainC . is, won5 t rainD . is, isiT t rainyjogging and swimming,由with连接的并列主语，谓语动词应根据就远原则，与with前面的名词一致。因此 这里应用单数形式，且根据句意主语和动词是被动关系，故应选B。小提示：适用于就远原则的有：as well as, rather than, with, together with, along with等；适用于就近原则的有： not only-but also, eitheror，neither -nor，notbut 等。24、The little girl can speak English Japanese.A . as wellB . as goodC . as well asD . as good as答案：C解析：句意：这个小女孩会说英语和日语。考查短语辨析。as well也；as good后缺少另一个as ； as well as和，还有；像一样好；as good as和 样好。根据句意可知，该空连接English和Japanese,应用as well aso故选Co25、Where* s Mary? She' s not in. She with her mother at the supermarket.A . shopsB . is shoppingC . are shopping答案：B解析：试题分析：句意：玛丽在哪？她不在，她和她的妈妈正在超市购物。此句的主语为she, with her mother做状语，根据问句可知，是询问当时的情况，故时态为一般现在时态，答案为B。考点：考查动词的时态。26、 All the students as well as their head teacher going to the zoo this weekend.A . areB . wereC . will beD . is10答案：A 解析：句意：所有学生以及他们校长这周末都将要去动物园。考查连词和时态。当as well as连接两个成分作主语时， 其后的谓语通常要与前面一个主语保持一致。所以本句的谓语动词与前面的主语all the students保持一致，用 系动词are。再考虑时态时间是this weekend,是一般将来时，再看横线后的going to所以应该用be going too 故选A。27、She, with her sister,a music class now.A . haveB . is havingC . are havingD . has答案：B解析：句意：她和她的妹妹正在上音乐课。考查动词时态，have动词原形/ is having现在进行时；are having现在进行时；has动词三单。此题中“with her sister是插入语,真正的主语为She,根据“now” 一词，可知时态为现在进行时，故选B。28、 The end of junior high school is the beginning of a new life.Yes,difficulties,many exciting things.A . along with; there'll beB . as well as; there'll haveC . together with; it'll答案：A解析：句意：初中生活的结束是新生活的开始。是的，除了困难，也有许多令人兴奋的事物。考查介词短语和there be句型。along withx as well as、together with均为“和”的意思。there' II be将有, 后跟名词短语；无there* II have这种表述；if II它将,后跟动词原形。many exciting things为名词短语,故选Ao1129、Mary,is my friend, as well as her sisters,Chinese in China.A . that ； are studyingB . which ； have studiedC . who ； studyD . who ； studies答案：D解析：句意：我的朋友Mary,还有她的姐妹们在中国学习汉语。考查定语从句和主谓一致。that关系代词，指人或物；which关系代词，指物，who关系代词，指人；本句的 先行词是Mary,指人，所以排除B ； as well as意为“和；为介词短语，当as well as连接并列主语时（多数 可理解为插入语，有无逗号均可），句中谓语动词的数应该和真正的主语，也就是as well as前面的主语保持一 致，即就远原则。所以本句主语为第三人称“Mary"，所以谓语动词用单数形式，故排除选项A、B和C。 studies第三人称单数形式。故选D。30、She as well as you from the same country-China .A . isB . areC . wasD . am答案：A解析：句意:她和你都来自相同的国家中国。as well as意思为“以及；不但,而且”，连接并列成份，强调前者，当连接主语时，谓语动词和距离较远的 主语保持一致。该句中she和谓语动词距离更远，而且该句描述的是一个事实情况，所以用一般现在时态，故 选Ao小提示：由either -or; neithernor;notbut; not onlybut also连接的并列主语，谓语动词往往和距离近的主语保持一 致，即“就近原则”。此外there be句型也符合就近原则。12 由as well as ; along with; except; with等连接的并列主语，谓语动词往往和距离较远的主语保持一致，即“就 远原则”。31、The teacher along with the students discussing the Reading Skills that was newly published inAmerica in the classroom now.A . areB . wereC . isD . was答案：C解析：句意：老师和学生们正在教室里讨论美国新出版的阅读技巧。考查主谓一致。are是，be动词的复数形式；were是，are的过去式；is是，be动词的单数形式；was是， is/am的过去式，当主语后面跟有along with引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致，along with前面的 主语是the teacher,要用be动词的单数形式，排除A和B,由后面的now可知，时态是一般现在时，排除D, 故选Co小提示：当主语后面跟有 along with, with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短 语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致，称之为“就远原则”。例如：He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想要去划船。The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.老师和一些学生正在参观工厂。32、 Oh! Jennifer with her parents dinner there.A . is havingB . are havingC . have答案：A解析：句意：哦！珍妮和她的父母在那里吃晚饭。with连接并列主语，谓语根据第一个主语来判断，因为主语Jenny13是第三人称单数，故谓语用第三人称单数，故选A。33、Nobody except you late for the meeting yesterday afternoon.A . wereB . wasC . isD . are答案：B解析：句意：除你之外，昨天下午没有人开会迟到。考查动词时态及主谓一致。根据"yesterday afternoon"可知，本句是一般过去时；当主语后面跟except “除之外”时，谓语动词要和前面的主语保持一致；另外，复合不定代词nobody作主语时，谓语动 词用单数形式。故选Bo34、一 Jack, can you tell me where Mike is?He with his friends on the playground.A . runB . runsC . are runningD . is running答案：D解析：句意：杰克，你能告诉我迈克在哪里吗？他和他的朋友在操场上跑步。考查现在进行时。根据ucan you tell me where Mike is?n可知，此句是询问Mike此刻正在做什么,故用现在 进行时；再者根据"with his friends"可知，遵循就远原则，因此be动词用iso故选D。35、Linda along with her parents Beijing twice.A . has been toB . have been toC . has gone toD . have gone to答案：A 解析:14句意：琳达和她的父母去过北京两次。考查主谓一致和完成时态。have/ has been to去过；have/ has gone to去了 ；根据句意理解及句子结构分析可 知，这里表达的是“去过两次”，所以应该用been to的结构。句子的主语部分是Linda,是第三人称，谓语 动词要用到“就远原则”，所以这里的动词应该用has,故选A。36、Lucy with her parents often the supermarket on Sundays.A . go toB . goes toC . goD . goes答案：B解析：句意：露西经常和她的父母在星期天去超市。考查动词短语和主谓一致。go to the supermarket去超市，是固定短语，可排除后两项；由often可知句子是 一般现在时，with跟在主语后面时，动词要与with前的主语保持一致，Lucy是单数第三人称，动词需用三单 形式，故选Bo37、Peter along with his parents a walk after supper every day.A . takesB . takeC . takingD . took答案：A解析：句意：每天晚饭后，彼得和他的父母散步。本题考查主谓一致。takes是一般现在时的第三人称单数；take是一般现在时的复数形式；taking是现在分词 或动名词, took是一般过去时；根据every day此处用一般现在时，along with连接并列主语，谓语根据第一 个主语来判断，Peter是第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数形式takes,故选A。38、 Mr. Smith, together with his sons,supper at 7 o' clock yesterday evening .A . was eatingB . were eatingC . was eatD . were eat15答案：A 解析：句意“昨晚七点时，史密斯先生正在和他的几个儿子吃晚饭。”考查时态和主谓一致。过去某一时刻发生的事情，用过去进行时；together with连接几个词作主语时，句子的 主语跟最前面的那个词一致。故选A。39、Kate as well as her classmates never snacks in class.A . eatB . eatsC . to eatD . is eat答案：B解析：句意：凯特和她的同学从不在课堂上吃零食。本句缺少谓语动词，C和D排除；根据频度副词never （从来不） 可知此句时态是一般现在时；as well as “还,也”、“不但而且”，as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分 它强调的是前一项，后一项只是顺便提及，做主语时是看前一项；本句主语是Kate是三单，谓语三单，故填 eats ；选 Bo40、一 Where is your brother? I can, t find him.Maybe he with his friends flowers in the garden.A . watersB . waterC . iswateringD . are watering答案：C解析：句意：你哥哥呢？我找不到他。也许他和他的朋友正在花园里浇花。考查主谓一致和现在进行时。根据"Where is your brother? I can, t find him."可知，下句时态应该用现在进16行时；根据"with his friends”可知，要遵循就远原则，因此谓语动词只看“he”，is watering符合句意。故选Co41、 Doctor Ray, as well as other scientists trees for nearly 15 years, but they know only a little aboutthem.A . studyB . studiesC . has studiedD . have studied答案：C解析：试题分析：句意：Doctor Ray也和其他的科学家们一样，已经研究那树将近15年的时间了，但是他们只知道 一点有关树的情况。此题考查主谓一致，因为主语是Doctor Ray,根据句意，故选C考点：考查主谓一致。42、The room with three windows in front of our classroom.A . ofB . part ofC . isD . are答案：C解析：句意：有三扇窗户的房间在我们教室前面。考查主谓一致。本句是主系表结构，句中介词短语with three windows做主语room的后置定语，room是单数第三人称，系词需用is。根据句意结构，可知选C。43、 Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began.A . isB . wasC . areD . were答案：B解析：句意：会议开始时，除了汤姆和约翰，所有人都在。17 考查主谓一致，根据began,可知本句是一般过去时，排除AC。当主语后面跟有except,谓语动词与前面的主 语一致，即谓语动词和Everyone 一致，用单数，故选B。小提示：一、当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as等词引起的短语时，谓语动词 与前面的主语一致。例如I ： l.The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.二、,代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词做主语，或主语中含有each, every,谓语需用单数。 例如：Each of us has a book.44、 一 He, together with his parents going to visit Shanghai in July. How about you?一 I'm afraid I have to stay at home.A . are; on my ownB . is, by myselfC . is; by my ownD . are; on myself答案：B解析：就远原则与by oneself的用法。介词with后的谓语动词应和它前面的主语he 一致，故A,D错。by oneself是 “独自”的意思。故选择B。45、A woman with two children along the street at the moment.A . is walkingB . are walkingC . walkD . walks答案：A解析：句意：一个带着两个孩子的妇女正在街上散步。考查主谓一致及时态。结合"at the moment"判断，句子的 时态为现在进行时，排除CD ；句子的主语为A woman,为名词单数形式，with two children作状语，故助动 词用is,答案为A。小提示：18主语后有 with, along with, together with, as well as, no less than, more than, including, besides, like, except, but等词或短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。如：Mr. Green with his wife and two daughters is coming to Beijing.格林先生将和他的妻子及两个女儿一块儿来北京。46、The boy with two dogs in the yard when the earthquake hit the city.A . is playingB . was playingC . were playing答案：B 解析: 句意：当地震袭击城市时，那个男孩正在和两只狗在院子里玩耍。考查主谓一致和动词时态。is playing现在进行时（主语为单数）；was playing过去进行时（主语为单数）； were playing过去进行时（主语为复数）。此句是when引导的时间状语从句，此处指地震发生时，主语正在 进行的动作，从句是一般过去时，所以主句用过去进行时；With连接两个名词时，谓语动词遵循“就远原则” 即要与the boy保持一致，因此谓语动词用单数。故选Bo47、一I called you last night, but there was no answer.My mother with mein the supermarket.A . was shoppingB . were shoppingC . are shoppingD . shopped答案：A解析：句意：我昨天晚上给你打电话，但是没有人接。我和妈妈正在超市购物。本题考查时态和主谓一致。was shopping过去进行时，第三人称单数形式；were shopping过去进行时，非第 三人称单数形式；are shopping是现在进行时，非第三人称单数形式;shopped是一般过去时。根据句意，表 示昨天晚上你打电话的时候，我和妈妈正在购物，因此用过去进行时，此处用with连接并列主语，谓语用就远 原则，根据my mother判断，因此用第三人称单数形式。故选A。19解析: 句意：如果明天不下雨，詹姆斯和格林一家要去公园。根据主语James单三，谓语动词用单数形式，排除A/B ； 根据if引导的条件状语从句不用将来时态，用一般现在时态来代替；故选Do4、The little girl with two pet dogs when the police found them.A . was sleepingB . were sleepingC . is sleepingD . are sleeping答案：A解析：句意：警察发现那个带着两只宠物狗的小女孩时，她正在睡觉。考查动词时态。主语后有With构成的短语修饰时，谓语动词仍与短语前的主语保持一致，with短语在这做的 是状语表伴随；本句的主语是the little girl,是第三人称单数，另外when弓I导的时间状语从句用了一般过去时， 所以主句用过去进行时，指两个动作同时进行，过去进行时的构成是：主语+was/were+动词的ing,主语是单 数名词，所以用was；故答案选A。5、 My sister with my parents dumplings when I got home yesterday.A . are makingB . is makingC . was makingD . were making答案：C解析：试题分析：句意：当我昨天下午到家的时候，我的姐姐和我的父母正在包饺子。with连接句子的主语时，应该 与with前的主语一致，谓语动词应该用单数形式，根据时间状语可知，这里应该用过去进行时，故选C。考点：考查动词的时态。6、Mr. Wang, together with his students,going on a trip next week.48、Jack with his friends skating next Sunday.A . is goingB . are goingC . goesD . go答案：A解析：句意：杰克和他的朋友下星期天要去滑冰。考查时态辨析及主谓一致。根据“next Sunday”可知是将来要去滑冰，结合选项可知用现在进行时表将来，其 结构为be doing ；再由Jack with his friends"可知主语是Jack, be动词用iso故选Ao49、Animals rabbits and deer continue to be active all winter, finding food wherever they can.A . such asB . for exampleC . as exampleD . like as答案：A解析：句意：兔子和鹿等动物整个冬天都在活动，尽可能地到处寻找食物。CD选项没有“例如”之意，首先应排除；for example和such as都可当作“例如”解。for example 一般只举 同类人或物中的一个为例，作插入语，可置于句首、句中或句末。，such as也是用来表示举例的连接词，它 一般用来列举同类人或物中的几个例子，插在被列举的例子和前面的名词之间，as后没有逗号。suchas意为“例如，诸如此类的，像那样的”。逗号，故选A。50、Professor Smith, along with his assistants,on the project day and night to meet the deadline （最后期 限）.A . workB . workingC . is workingD . are working答案：C解析：20句意：史密斯教授和他的助手们正夜以继日地做这个项目，以赶上最后期限。考查时态。work一般现在时；working动名词，现在分词；is working现在进行时，主语是单数名词；are working现在进行时，主语是复数名词；根据“t。meet the deadline”可知为了赶上最后期限，现阶段正在进 行的动作，所以用现在进行时；结合“along with”用“就远原则”，所以此处用“is working”，故选C。小提示：进行时态辨析的时候，首先要看题干中是否有标志性时间状语，根据时间状语来确定时态；若题干中没有清晰 的时间状语，需要根据具体的语境来推测时态。这道题题干中没有出现时间状语，要结合题目中的另一个提示 uto meet the deadline"来还没有做完这个项目，所以现在还在做这个项目进而确定用现在进行时，再结合 "along with”的就远原则，即可得出答案。51、Jenny with her mother at the supermarket now .A . are shoppingB . is shoppingC . shopsD . shopping答案：B解析：句意:Jenny和她的妈妈现在正在超市购物。are shopping现在进行时态，主语应是复数；is shopping现在进 行时态，主语为单数；shops是一般现在时态，第三人称单数形式；shopping是现在分词形式。根据句意和句 中的now可知这里表示正在做某事，应用现在进行时态。主语是Jenny with her mother,谓语动词应和with 前面的名词形式一致，这里应用单数，故选B。点睛：with, along with或者together with,以及as well as, rather than等连接两个并列的名词在句中做主语的 时候，谓语动词单复数形式应和他们前面的名词形式一致。52、As exchange student, Mary with her family Wuhan for one and a half years.A . has been toB . has gone toC . has been inD . have been in答案：C21解析: 句意：作为交换生，玛丽和她的家人已经在武汉待了一年半。考查现在完成时及主谓一致。hasbeento去过（已回）；hasgoneto去了（未回）；has been in强调待在某 地的时长；have been in强调待在某地的时长。根据“for one and a half years”可知，此处强调在武汉待的时 长，应用have/has been in ；又由“Mary with her family”可知,此处遵循“就远一致原则”，助动词的数应 于“Mary”保持一致，Mary为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故选C。53、 Judy as well as I happily on the playground.A . are playingB . am playingC . is playingD . play答案：C解析：句意：朱迪和我都在操场上玩得很开心。考查主谓一致。as well as连接并列主语，需满足“就远一致”原则，谓语动词取决于Judy,故选C。54、Sally as well as her mother eating different kinds of delicious food.A . likeB . likesC . likingD . is like答案：B解析：句意：萨利和她的母亲一样都喜欢吃不同种类的美食。考查主谓一致和动词。句子表达的是客观事实，用一般现在时；主语Sally后面跟有由as well as引出的短语， 谓语动词习惯上要与结构前面的主语保持一致，即与比较远的那个主语Sally保持一致，此处用动词的第三人 称单数形式likeso故选Bo55、Will John have dinner with us?22Yes. Another five friends will come for dinner John.A . exceptB . besidesC . instead答案：B解析：句意：约翰和我们一起吃饭吗？是的。除了约翰，还有五个朋友要来吃饭。考查词义辨析。except除了（不包含）；besides除了之外，还有（包含）；instead反而。根据“Yes. Another five friends will come for dinner-John,"可知，此处表示除了 John 之外，还有五个朋友。故选 B。56、Jenny, together with the Greens the White Tower Park if it tomorrow.A . are going to; isn, t rainyB . is going to ； doesn' t rainC . are going to; won' t rainD . is going to ； isn* t rain答案：B解析：句意：如果明天不下雨，珍妮和格林一家就要去白塔公园。根据句意及句子结构可知，第一空考查主谓一致。主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, 等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；而第二空if引导的条件状语从句通常用一般现在时表示将来时。故选 Bo小提示：英语中“就远原则”要注意。“名词+介词/介词短语（with, together with, along with, as well as等）+ 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由介词前的名词的单复数形式决定。比如本题中，主语是Jenny, together with the Greens,谓语是由together with前面的Jenny来决定的，所以要用单数形式。57、 The woman teacher together with her students going there.23A . are;by footB . is;on footC . are;by feetD . is;on feet答案：B解析：试题分析：这位女老师，还有他的学生们打算步行去那儿。本句中together with her students为伴随主语，真 正主语是The woman teacher,故谓语动词用单数。步行是on foot,故选Bo考点：主谓一致与交通方式点评：当英语句子中有together with等引导的伴随主语时，谓语动词与前面主语保持一致，牢记即可。表达交 通方式的短语结构比较固定，熟记即可。58、Mary is my friend, as well as her sisters,Chinese in China.A . thatjare studyingB . which;have studiedC . who;studyD . who;studies答案：D解析：句意：我的朋友Mary,还有她的姐妹们在中国学习汉语。that关系代词，不能引导非限制性定语从句，故排 除；which关系代词，先行词指物，这里的先行词是Mary,指人，故排除；who关系代词，弓I导非限制性定语 从句，先行词指人；are studying现在进行时，正在学习；study学习，动词原形；studies第三人称单数形式。 这句话的主语是Mary as well as her sisters,谓语动词的单复数形式应和as well as前面的名词形式一致，用单 数，故选Do59、 Everybody except Mike and Linda there when the meeting began.A . areB . wasC . were答案：B 解析:24句意：会议开始时，除了迈克和琳达，其他人都在。考查动词时态及主谓一致。根据“when the meeting began”可知，本句是一般过去时，故排除A选项。本句 主语是复合不定代词Everybody,谓语动词应用单数was。故选B。60、Jim with his brother in the garden when the rainstorm came.A . is playingB . are playingC were playingD . was playing答案：D解析：句意：当暴风雨来的时候，吉姆和他的弟弟正在花园里玩。考查动词的时态。根据when the rainstorm came.指的是在发生暴风雨的时候，正在进行时的动作，用过去进 行时，其结构是be doing的形式。根据句意，故选D。61、The boy with his parents always some cleaning at weekends.A . makesB . doesC . doD . make答案：B解析：句意：这个男孩还有他的父母总是在周末打扫卫生。考查主谓一致。d。some cleaning意为“打扫卫生”，排除A/D ；两个用作主语的名词或代词用介词with连接 时，谓语动词要与with前面的名词或代词的人称和数保持一致，即：就远原则。本题中谓语动词应与the boy 保持一致；由always可知，此处的时态为一般现在时，主语the boy是单数，因此谓语用三单形式。故选B。62、The professor, together with some students,the lecture hall at that time.A . were enteringB . are enteringC . was enteringD . is entering25答案：c 解析：句意：教授和一些学生当时正在进入讲堂。at that time ”当时；在那时”的意思，用在句子中是过去进行时。 排除B/D。又因为本句话的主语是The professor为单数，而together with some students只做伴随用的。所以 用 was entering。故选 C。63、 Peter with his friend for the bus when the earthquake happened.A . was waitingB . were waitingC . is waitingD . are waiting答案：A解析：句意“当地震发生时，彼得和他的朋友正在等公交车”。考查时态。was waiting过去进行时；were waiting过去进行时；is waiting现在进行时；are waiting现在进行时。 根据happened可知，表示过去，排除C和