2023届新教材老高考英语人教版一轮习题：必修第二册 UNIT 4　HISTORY AND TRADITIONS.docx

课时作业.高效提能用空【基础达标练】基础默写I .单词背诵阅读词汇词义默写1. individual 力.单独的；个另U的n.个人kingdom n.王国；领域.2. currency n.通货；货币military 力.军事的； 军用的3. legal q力.法律的；合法的conquer ".占领； 征服； 控制4. gallery n.（艺术作品的）展览馆；画廊landscape n.（陆上,尤指乡村的）风景5. butter n.黄油；奶油”.涂黄油于honey n.蜂蜜6. ancestor n.祖宗；祖先courtyard n.庭院；院子7. snack n. 点心；小吃pub n.酒吧；酒馆8. striking 力,引 人注 目 的；显著的写作词汇词形默写9. chief。力.最重要的:最高级别的机（公司或机构的）首领；酋长nearby q力.附近的;邻近的在附近10. belong,应在（某处）;适应fascinating.极有吸引力的;迷人的11. chargen.收费；指控；主管”.收费；控告；充电amount n.金额；数量12. approach n.接近；方法；途径”.接近；接洽；着手处理。上靠近ensure”.保证；确保；担保语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。通过描述中国首家3D打印的建筑上 海智慧湾科创园的一家书店引出文章主题：3D打印建筑的介绍、3D打印建筑的 技术特点、强度以及在全球的使用情况等。1 .解析：考查介词。句意：它（该书店）于2021年3月向公众开放。故填to。 答案：to.解析：考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导定语从句，指代空前的 three parts作介词of的宾语，故用whicho这里说的是书店由三个部分组成，其 中一个面积约30平方米，最多可同时容纳15人。答案：which.解析：考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，空处作主句的伴随状语，主语 the bookstore和动词accommodate是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词 accommodating o答案：accommodating.解析：考查冠词。该处泛指“一次创新的尝试”，故用不定冠词，且innovative 的发音以元音音素开头，故用an。答案：an.解析：考查形容词的比较级。根据该句中的“in comparison with”可知，除了 节省时间，3D打印建筑也比使用传统技术的建筑更便宜。故用che叩的比较级 cheaper o答案：cheaper.解析：考查名词单复数。technique为可数名词，根据常识可知，传统技术有 多种，故用该名词的复数形式。答案：techniques.解析：考查代词。空格在名词之前，因此填形容词性物主代词its,表示“它 的”。答案：its.解析：考查词性转换。冠词后接名词，根据the可知，该处用名词形式。 答案：resistance2 .解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：专家表示，根据实验数据，它和任何传统的 混凝土建筑一样安全。此处表示“根据，基于”，应用be based on结 构，故填based。答案：based.解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语up to now 可知，该句用现在完成时；主语many similar researches和谓语动词conduct之间 为被动关系,故用被动语态；且主语为名词复数，故填have been conductedo 答案：have been conducted24. position n.位置；姿态；职位eagerq力.热切的:渴望的25. custom n.风俗；习俗；习惯crowd n.人群；一群人；民众”.挤满；使拥挤拓展词汇词形变化puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问”.迷惑；使困惑fpuzzled.迷惑不解的 f puzzling 步令人迷惑的26. defend ”保护;保卫f defence防御；保卫surround ”.围绕;包围f surrounding 力,周围的-surroundings n.周围的事 物；环境27. evidence n.证明；证据f evident。力.明显的;明白的achieve ”.完成;达至achievement".成就；成绩；达到28. announce ”.宣布; 通知； 声称f annouecement n. 通告, 宣布, 声明greet ”问候；迎接f greeting几招呼；问候；问候语II .核心短语默写lead to 导致1. do a research project on做一个关于的研究项 目be familiar to 和相似2. join.to把和连接或联结起来break away(from sb./sth.)脱离;背叛；逃脱3. result in 导致be referred to as 被称作4. belong to 属于as well as同(一样也);和；还5. leave behind 留下make changes 做出变化6. date back to追溯到keep you) vyes open(for)留心; 留意7. be positioned on 驻才L在be eager to do sth.渴望做某事8. have a，reat influence on 对有巨大影响 此教材原句补全Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today： the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.后来到了 20世纪，爱尔兰南部地区从英国脱离出去，这才有了我们现在所知的 英国的全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。1. They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system. 他们在英格兰到处建造城堡，而且还对法律体系做了更改。2. Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses.它美丽的乡村景色令人心驰神往，让人的各种感官都能得到滋养。3. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle“ and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.“绿宝石(爱尔兰)岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀 其中，堪称一场名副其实的视觉盛宴。4. With all this beauty, 5 is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that include music, dancing, and dining.乡村景色如此优美，在爱尔兰形成这些浓郁的包括音乐、舞蹈以及餐饮方面的传 统就一点也不让人觉得奇怪了。语言运用I .单句语法填空There were a number of locations(locate)where the kings of Egypt built pyramids.1. Looking back, Diana owes her achievements(achieve)to the goal she set, and above all, the efforts she made.2. Immigrants who entered the United States through the port of New York were legallydegaDand medically inspected there.3. Our milk powder is especially suitable for children under 6, as it helps a lot to build the body*s natural defence(defend).4. . Professor Li stood there, surrounded（surround）by many students.5. There's a fascinatingffascinate）drive marked out for tourists.6. What evidence（evident）was there that Old Tom was helping the whales out?7. As well as going（go）to the movies and football matches with my friends, I spend a lot of time with my pets.8. Yesterday we held a meeting and made an approach to the low-carbon life.9. One day with a basket of vegetables, he announced to us that he was going to cook a delicious dish.11 .一句多译/句式升级属于自己的，不要放弃。已经失去的，留作回忆。 Don't give up the things that belong to you and keep those lost things in memory.（定语从句）Don't give up the things belonging o you and keep those lost things in memory.（分 词短语作定语）1. 急于去看日出，他们4点就起床了。As they were eager to see the sunrise, they got up at four.（状语从句）Eager to see the sunrise, they got up at four.（形容词短语作状语）2. The village is surrounded by the forest, and looks very beautiful.Surrounded by the forest, the village looks very beautiful.（分词短语作状语）Evidently, in competitive society there are both losers and winners.Tt is evident that in competitive society there are both losers and winners.（it 作形 式主语）Two friends had an argument, which broke up their friendship forever.Two friends had an argument, breaking up their friendship forever.（分词短语作 结果状语）Because the key was lost, he had to wait outside the door.f With the key lost, he had to wait outside the door.（with 复合结构）【模拟提升练】I .完形填空Last July, I booked a two- week adventure volunteering at a Thai elephant sanctuary（禁猎区）.In preparation for my trip, I weight training.! even visited an elephant keeper in a zoo and he told me the elephants for tourism were the ones to 2 they could be unpredictable and sometimes dangerous after years of 3 they suffered at the hands of the tourism industry.Hardly surprising, I thought.I flew to Bangkok and then headed to the 4 , The first day was exciting.I was § to my designated elephant by the mahout（驯象人），Boonsri and my tasks were 6 I tried to gain the elephants 7 ， feeding her bananas and riding on her back.The mahout 8 me, showing me how to use my feet to 9 her and teaching me the words to make her stop or 10 , Everything went quite well. 11 ， I noticed the sharp bullhooks were still used by mahouts.Day two followed the same 12 , But as we walked to the river at dusk, Boonsri wouldn't move.So the mahout hit her with the bullhook.And Boonsri began to shake her head 13 . On the third stroke（击）she hit me on the shoulder, knocking me over.Before I could 14 the danger, her enormous foot was crushing my 15 . It felt like a truck was driving over me and I couldn't breathe at all.I could only hear the 16 of the mahout.He helped to pull her foot off me and 17my life.As Boonsri lifted her leg, I 18 free and was dragged tosafety.I burst into tears with 19 . What a lucky escape!In the following days, I stayed in hospital, thinking about a question: Why can these mild animals be so 20 ? If we humans treat them more gently and kindly, maybe things will be different.语篇解读文章讲述了作者在泰国的大象庇护所做志愿者的时候被一头 发怒的大象踩在脚下死里逃生的经历。作者意识到如果人类能够善待动物，它们 可能就不会这么具有攻击性。1. A.carried onB. took upC. abandonedD. delayed解析：根据该句中的weight training可知，为了准备这次旅行，作者开始进行举重训练。B项意为“开始从事”,符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“继续做”；C项意为“抛弃,放弃”；D项意为“延迟”。答案：BA.watchB. shootC. protectD. buy解析：根据该句中的“the elephants for tourism were the ones to”,并结合破折号后 的内容可知，此处表示要小心旅游区的大象，因为它们遭受了多年虐待，变得性 情无常，有时很危险。A项意为“小心，当心”，故A项正确。分案.AA.defeatB. lossC. failureD. abuse解析：参见上题解析。D项意为“虐待”，故D项正确。答案：DA.zooB. hotelC. sanctuaryD. hospital解析：根据第一段第一句中的“volunteering at a Thai elephant sanctuary”可知, 作者飞往曼谷之后，便前往大象保护区，故C项正确。答案：CA.usedB. introducedC. attachedD. dragged解析：根据空后的to my designated el叩hant可知，作者由驯象人引见给指定的大 象，B项意为“介绍，引见“，故B项正确。答案：BB. reportedC. explainedD. accomplished解析：根据下文陈述的驯象人教作者如何用脚控制大象并发出让大象停止、行走 的指令并结合空前的“my tasks were”可推知，驯象人向作者说明了作者的任务， 此处使用了被动语态，C项意为“解释，说明“，故C项正确。答案：CB. forgivenessC. respectD. trust解析：根据该句中的feeding her bananas可知，作者给大象喂食香蕉；据此可推 知，作者试图赢得大象的信任；D项意为“信任”，故D项正确。答案：DB. greetedC. comfortedD. blamed角星析： 根据下文 showing me how to use my feet.to make her stop 可知， 此处表示 驯象人陪伴着作者；A项意为“陪伴”，故A项正确。答案：AA.touchB. controlC. kickD. entertain解析：根据空前的showing me how to use my feet可知，驯象人教作者如何用脚 控制大象；B项意为“控制”，故B项正确。答案：BA.move onB. sing alongC turn upD. give in解析：根据空前的to make her stop or可知，空处与stop相对应，表示驯象人教 作者使大象停止或者前进的指令。答案：AA.FinallyB. NaturallyC. UnfortunatelyD. Normally解析：根据该句中的“the sharp bullhooks were still used”,并结合下文介绍的由于 使用象钩，大象开始富于攻击性可知，不幸的是，作者发现驯象人仍然在使用象 钩。C项意为“不幸地”，符合语境，故C项正确。答案：cA.challengeB. patternC. interestD. idea解析：根据空前的followed the same可知，第二天也是相同的模式，B项意为“模 式”，故B项正确。答案：B1B. slowlyC. gentlyD. violently解析：根据上文可知，驯象人用象钩击打大象；结合空前的shake her head和 常识可知，大象开始猛烈地摇头；D项意为“猛烈地”，故D项正确。答案：D14. A.recallB. ignoreC. realizeD. forget解析：根据空后的the danger以及下文中的“I couldn*t breathe at all”可知，作者 还没有意识到危险，它的巨大的脚便向作者的胸部碾压过来（呼吸和胸部联系紧 密）；C项意为“意识到''，故C项正确。答案：c1B. headC. legD. hand解析：参见上题解析。答案：AA.whispersB. applauseC. laughsD. yells解析：结合该句“I could only hear the 16 of the mahout. ”可知，此时作者处在 危险中，只能听到驯象人的叫喊声；D项意为“叫喊”,故D项正确。答案：DA.changedB. ruinedC. savedD. improved解析：根据该句 “He helped to pull her foot off me and 17 my life."可知， 他帮助把大象的脚拖走，挽救了作者的生命；C项意为“挽救”，故C项正确。 答案：C1B. rolledC. divedD. climbed解析：根据该句中的was dragged to safety可知，当大象抬起腿时，作者得以滚 动，被拉到了安全的地方。B项意为“翻滚，滚动”，故B项正确。答案：BB. regretC. prideD. pity解析：根据上文可知，作者脱离了危险；结合该句内容可知，作者欣慰得痛哭流 涕；故A项正确。答案：AB. disgustingC. fragileD. aggressive解析：根据上文表述的大象攻击作者并结合语境可知，接下来的几天，作者躺在 医院里，思考这样的问题：为什么这些温顺的动物如此具有攻击性？ D项意为 “好斗的；有攻击性的”，故D项正确。答案：DII .语法填空(2021 太原市二模)A concrete bookstore in Wisdom Bay Sci-tech Innovation Park in Shanghai is the first 3D-printed bookstore in China.lt opened 1.the public in March , 2021.The bookstore consists of three parts , one of 2. is the area of about 30 square meters ， 3.(accommodate)at most 15 people inside at a time.Different from simple works such as a 3D- printed flower basin, the bookstore is 4.innovative attempt in the architecture field.Besides saving time, the 3D- printed architecture is 5.(cheap)in comparison with buildings using conventional 6.(technique)as well.In addition, 7.(it)use of fiber concrete is unique ， which strengthens the earthquake 8.(resist). Experts say it is as safe as any traditional concrete construction 9.(base)on the experimental data.Up to now, many similar researches on 3D - printed concrete technology 10.(conduct)in France, Switzerland and Russia.But China*s researches and achievements in this field are among the best in the world.