中考英语复习宾语从句讲解和练习.docx

宾语从句(讲练结合)一、什么是宾语?宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。二、那什么是宾语从句呢?用法:SheISShe 百用来做宾语的从句叫宾语从句。says谓语says谓语that he is her son.宾语that he is her son.薪词一访一如：I think he is funny.讲解：He is funny.是个完整的句子，它做Ithink的宾语，所以它被叫作宾语从句。请看另一个句子：I like apples and pears.讲解：虽然apples and pears做I like的宾语，但它们不是句子，所以它不是宾语从句。 学以致用：请说说以下各句，哪个是宾语从句(T),哪个不是(F)。I have some photos.( )2. He said he was sorry.( )3. We think we can help him.( ) 4. They read books.()三、宾语从句三要素：(L语序；2.引导词；3.时态)1.语序：宾语从句的语序：陈述句语序 主句+连接词+从主+从谓+其余成分He asked me if he could use the telephone. 一王© 一连建词从谓其余成分请判断以下哪个是陈述句的语序，哪个是疑问句的语序.S.where is he ()7.what he is ()9. why is she late ()11. how do you go ()6. who they are ()8. which room he lives( )10.does it rain ()12. what time it is( )技巧点拨：当sb或sth前有be动词或情态动词或助动词时，那么该语序为疑问句的语序!请选择正确答案：13.Do you know where?A. is the hospital B. the hospital is 14. Can you tell me when?A. will the bus arrive B. the bus will arrive 15. Do you know?A. what his name is B. what is his name 2.引导词宾语从句常用的引导词有that, if, whether和疑问词等。that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，通常可省略。He told me that he would go to the college.注意：L如果谓语动词后跟有两个或更多个并列的宾语从句，第二个及以后的that都不可以省略。 例如：He said (that) the book was very interesting and that(不省略)all the children liked to read it.2 .主语中有it作形式宾语，that不可省。I think it necessary that he should stay here.3 .think, believe, suppose, expect等动词作主句的谓语，且主句的主语是第一人称I或we时, 宾语从句的否认词not习惯上要转移到主句中，即“否认转移”。如：I don' t believe that he will do such a silly thing.我相信他不会做如此愚蠢的事。(2) if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句。I don' t know /there will be a bus at this time.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.虽然if与whether都有“是否”的意思，但它们的用法还是有区别的。讲解：If与whether都有“是否”的意思，一般情况下可以通用，但下面几种情况只能用 whether,而不能用if：1 . 与 or 或 or not 连用 Let' s know whether you can come or not.2 .与带 to 的不定式连用 I don' t know whether to accept or refuse.3 .放在介词的后面 I worry about whether I hurt her feelings(3)疑问词 who,what ,how, why, when, where 等Do you know who has won the game?Can you tell me what he said just now?We wondered how he could get there.Do you remember why he was late?合成宾语从句：16, The girl asks . Where does he live ?17, Nobody knows . Will it rain tomorrow?18, Do you know ? Does he have a son or not ?19, Can you tell me ? Whose book is it ?3.宾语从句的时态：(主现从随意，主过从必过，真理永一现)主句为一般现在时宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态影响，其所用时态应视具体情况而定.如：I think he is right.(从句用 了)I know he was late for school.(从句用 了)I don't know whether he will come or not.(从句用 了)I think they were watching TV at that time.(从句用 了)练习：20.1 hear (that) Jim( be ) a worker two years ago.21.1 hear (that) Jim(have) a picnic tomorrow.22.1 hear (that) Jim( sing ) a popular song now.23.1 hear (that) Jim( be ) to the Great Wall twice .当主句为一般过去时，从句要用过去时的某种形式A： 一般过去时B：过去进行时C：过去完成时D：过去将来时I thought Tom was late for school yesterday. 从句用 了I knew he was studying at that time. 从句用 了He told me that he had finished his homework.从句用 了He asked if he could go there by plane.从句用 了练习：24. He said (that) he(go) to Xi' an tomorrow.25. He said (that) he(be) ill yesterday .26. He said (that) he(read)a book at that time.27. He said (that) he(have) supper already .(3)当从句表达的是客观真理或自然规律时，不管主句用什么时态，从句都用一般现在时:The teacher told us that the earth is round.He said that spring comes after winter.练习：28. He said (that) the earth(go) around the sun .29. He said (that) the sun(rise) in the east.30. He said (that) doing exercise(be) good for our health .直奔中考：31. () We don't knowIt is said that he was born in Canada.A. what he is B. when he was bornC. where he comes from D. if he lives here( ) Could you tell me where yesterday?A. did you goB. you goC. you have gone D. you went() Excuse me, do you know?I'm sorry. I am new here.A. where is the nearest bus stationB. where the nearest bus station isC. where the nearest bus station was() Can you hear just now?A. what did he say B. what he saysC. what he saidD. he said what( ) I followed the alien to see where.A. was it going B. it was goingC. it goesD. did it go( ) Did you know the sun bigger than the earthwhen you young?A. was, were B. is, wereC. are, was D. was, are( ) We think they beat us in the sports meet.We're sure to win.A. /, won'tB. /, willC. don't, won't D. don't, will( ) I know he will tell you the story.A. if B. that C. as soon as D. until( ) Do you remember at that time?A. what they are doingthey were doing whatwhat were they doingwhat they were doing小结:r语序-陈述句语序：主+谓（be,情，助放主语后）宾语从句三要素引导词that （陈述句）无意，不作成分，可省忆 后跟多个宾从时,第二个及后面的that都不可省it作形式宾语时,that不省否认转移：l/We don*t think ； I/We don't believe I/We dont suppose I/We don*t expect.whether/if （一般疑问句）有意-是否 不作成分，不可省I 后有or/or not只用whether Y 后跟不定式to doI前有介词2 .特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句）有意，王现从随意（根据句意）作成分，不可省时态主过从必过：一般过去时，过去进行时，过去完成时（had done）,过去将来时（would do） 真理永一现：客观真理，自然规律，名言警句，公式定理答案:1-4 FTTF 5-12:问，陈，陈，陈，问，问，问，陈 13-15 BBA.The girl asks where he lives .16 .Nobody knows if it w川 rain tomorrow .17 .Do you know whether he has a son or not?18 .Can you tell me whose book it is ?19 .was.is singing.has been.would go25.was.was reading.had had.goes26 .rises3O.is 31-39： CDBCBBDBD