2022初中英语主谓一致之就远原则总结(重点)超详细.docx

2022初中英语主谓一致之就远原则总结（重点）超详细单选题（经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品）1、All but one here just now.A . isB . wasC . has beenD . were答案：D解析：试题解析：做“一切（物）”解时，谓语动词用单数形式；作“全体（人）”解时，谓语动词用复数形式。该句中的all 指“所有的人”，谓语动词应为复数形式。故选D2、-Where is Grace?-She with her brother playing basketball at school.A . is practiceB . is practicingC . are practicingD . are practice答案：B解析：句意：格雷斯在哪里？她正在和她哥哥在学校练习打篮球。be后跟现在分词，构成现在进行时态，此句的主语为she, with her brother做状语，be用is,故答案为Bo点睛：主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, besides, except, but, like等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Mike with his father has been to England.迈克同 他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike, like his brother, enjoys playing football.迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。3、As exchange student, Mary with her family Wuhan for one and a half years.答案：B 解析：句意：汤姆正和同班同学在操场上打篮球。此句的主语为Tom,为第三人称单数，with his classmates作状语, 根据now判断，时态为现在进行时态，其构成为am/is/are + doing, Tom为第三人称单数，故答案为B。点睛：主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than,等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。如：Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground,除了吉姆和迈克外,没有人在操场上。She like you and Tom is very talL像你和汤姆一样，她也很高。23、 After finishing the book report, all the students except Tom which teacher to.A . knows, hand it inB . knows, hand it in toC . know, hand in itD . know, hand it in to答案：D解析：句意：写完读书报告后，除了汤姆以外，所有的学生都知道该交给哪个老师了。考查主谓一致及动副短语。except修饰中心词时，谓语动词要与离其最远的主语单复数保持一致，students是 复数，动词用原形，排除A和B选项。hand in是动副短语，接代词时要把it放在中间，故选D。24、一Where is Tom?He with his classmates basketball over there.A . is playingB . playingC . playsD . play答案：A解析：10句意：汤姆在哪里？他和他的同学正在那边打篮球。考查时态以及主谓一致。根据“Where is Tom”可知此时他正在打篮球，用现在进行时am/is/are doing,根据 uHe with his classmates"可知此处遵循“就远原则”，离be动词最远的主语he是第三人称，故be动词用is。故选A。25、Tony together with his classmates their homework when the teacher came in.A . is doingB . was doingC . are doingD . were doing答案：B解析：句意：当老师进来的时候托尼和他的同学一起正在做家庭作业。考查动词的时态和主谓一致。is doing现在进行时，主语是单数；was doing过去进行时，主语是单数；are doing现在进行时；were doing过去进行时。根据“when the teacher came in”可知表述的是过去某一时刻正 在发生的动作，用过去进行时态was/were doing。主语Tony后面跟有由together with引出的短语时，谓语动 词习惯上要与结构前面的主语保持一致，即与比较远的主语Tony保持一致，Tony是第三人称单数，谓语动词 用 was doingo 故选 Bo26、My friend with me going to the UK vacation.A . are; inB . is; inC . is; on答案：C解析：句意：度假时我和我的朋友打算去英国。没有in vacation这种短语；on vacation在度假，指在度假期间， with me介词短语，不能作主语，主语是my friend,所以系动词用is,故选Co27、Your story is good the ending.A . butB . besides11C . exceptD . except for答案：D解析：句意：除了结尾，你的故事还是很好的。考查介词的用法。but作介词时，意为“除之外”，相当于except,用于所言不包括的人或事物前，且除去 的人或物与前面提到的人或物是同一类。besides意为“除了以外还有”，表示besides后面的部分包括 在整体之内。except for意为“除了”、“只是”，表示“减去”，强调从整体中除去一部分，但除去的内 容与前面提到的内容不是同一类。已知“故事”和“结尾”不是同类，且“结尾”是因有瑕疵而应被“减去” 的部分。故选Do28、This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs,well.A . sellsB . sellC . is soIdD . are sold答案：A解析：句意：这些听力材料，连同它的光盘卖得很好。考查主谓一致及语态。根据句意，东西卖的好，表示现在的一种状态，故用一般现在时。并且当sell后接副词 时，其主动形式表示被动含义。together with连接几个主语时，谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致，即与 listening material保持一致，所以sell用单数形式;故答案选Ao小提示：表示事物性质或特点的，用主动形式表示被动语态。此处表示这个听力材料卖得好，sell可用作及物动词和不 及物动词，其主语一般是指人，但是在表示某物卖得不错时，要用主动语态表示被动。together with连接几个 主语时，谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致，即采用就远原则，本句是与listening material保持一致，所以12谓语动词用单数形式。故答案选A。29、 Kangkang as well as his parents return hometown this weekend.A . is ready toB . were ready toC . are ready to答案：A解析：句意：康康和他的父母准备这个周末回家乡。as well as连接并列主语，谓语根据第一个主语来判断，第一个主 语Kangkang是第三人称单数，故谓语用第三人称单数is ready to,故选AoMy sister with my parents dumplings when I got home yesterday evening.A . are making.B . was makingC . is makingD . were making答案：B解析：句意：昨天晚上当我到家时我的妹妹和我的父母正在包饺子。考查时态以及主谓一致。根据"when I got home yesterday evening,可知,用过去进行时；且根据“with”可 知，谓语动词与“my sister”保持一致，用单数形式，故选B。31、Everyone except Tom and Jim going to visit some friends in Shenzhen.A . isB . areC . am答案：A解析：句意：除了汤姆和吉姆外，每个人都打算去深圳看望一些朋友。考查be动词。is主语是单数名词或不可数名词；are主语是复数名词；am主语是I ；根据except需要用“就远原则”，主语是“Everyone” ,是每个人，可推测出此处是用“is”，故选A。1332、Jim with his family kites in the park every week.A . fliesB . flyC . to flyD . flying答案：A解析：句意：吉姆和他的家人每周在公园放风筝。考查动词时态。根据时间状语“every week”可知，这里是一般现在时态，with修饰主语中心词时，谓语动词 要与离其最远的主语单复数保持一致，Jim是第三人称单数，谓语动词变第三人称单数。故选A。33、A woman with two children along the street at the moment.A . is walkingB . are walkingC . was walkingD . were walking答案：A解析：句意：一个带着两个孩子的女人正在街上散步。考查主谓一致和现在进行时。用来表示现在进行时的时间状语, 常用的有：now, this week, at the moment, right now等；根据题干中的时间状语at the moment,可知应该 用现在进行时，现在进行时态构成：助动词am/is/are+doing,主语是A woman,所以应该是is walking .而 with two children,是伴随状语，不能算做主语.故选Ao小提示：本题主要考查现在进行时，做此类题目，可以根据时间状语，也可以根据上下文语境，进行判断。34、 Mary with her parents in Yangzhou. Everyone in her family _Yangzhou is a good place.A . lives; thinkB . live; thinksC . live; thinkD . lives; thinks答案：D解析：14句意：玛丽和她的父母住在扬州，她家的每一个人都认为扬州是一个好地方。考查主谓一致。根据第一句中“Mary with her parents"可知，此处是with连接主语Mary和her parents,遵 循“就远一致”原则，所以谓语动词的形式取决于Mary, Mary是第三人称单数形式，所以第一空使用动词第 三人称单数形式lives ；第二句中everyone是主语，everyone是第三人称单数形式，所以第二空使用动词第三 人称单数形式thinks。故选D。35、Tom with his parents to America. They back in two weeks.A . have gone; will comeB . has gone; will comeC . have been; have comeD . have been; come答案：B解析：句意：汤姆还有他的父亲已经去了美国。他们两周后回来。考查现在完成时和一般将来时。根据题干中"Torn with his parents*,可知谓语遵循就远一致原则，助动词用第 三人称单数形式has,排除AC；根据 三tw。weeks”可知第二句用一般将来时,其结构为will do,排除D。故选Bo36、一I called you at 5:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.Sorry. I, along with my parents,at that time.A . was shoppingB . were shoppingC . am shoppingD . are shopping答案：A解析：句意：我昨天下午5点给你打电话，但没人接。对不起，当时我和我父母正在购物。考查动词时态。shop购物。根据at 5:00 yesterday afternoon “昨天下午五点”可知，本题应用过去进行时;因along with “和”是就远原则，真正的主语是I,单数，故选A。1537、Jenny, together with the Greens the White Tower Park if it tomorrow.A . are going to; isn' t rainyB . is going to; doesn' t rainC . are going to; won, t rainD . is going to; isn' t rain答案：B解析：句意：如果明天不下雨，珍妮将和格林一家一起去白塔公园。考查主谓一致和主将从现。根据"Jenny, together with the Greens"可知，together with连接的并列名词作主 语，遵循“就远原则”，即谓语动词的数由离它较远的名词而定，此处由Jenny而定，排除A、C选项；再根 据“if ittomorrow”可知，此句是if弓I导的条件状语从句，从句要用一般现在时，主语是it,动词用单数； rain是实义动词，其否定是加does" t。故选B。38、Prince William with his wife Australia three times a year.A visitB . to visitC . visitingD . visits答案：D解析：句意：威廉王子和他的妻子一年访问澳大利亚三次。考查主谓一致。visit参观、拜访，动词原形；to visit动词不定式；visiting动名词；visits第三人称单数。由句 中的three times a year,可知句子时态用一般现在时；主语是Prince William第三人称单数，后面的介词短语 with his wife作伴随状语；所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故选Do39、一Look! The man looks like Mr. Li.It can't be him. Because he with his family Japan since last week and they haven't returned.A . has gone toB . has been toC . have been inD . has been in16答案：D 解析：句意：看，那个人看起来像李先生。不可能是他，因为他和他的家人从上周就待在日本了，而且还没 回来。考查现在完成时。has gone to “去了某地”，人未回来，g。是短暂性动词，该短语不能和时间段连用；has been to “去过某地”，人已经回来；have/has been in “去某地待了多久”，跟时间段连用；根据“It can't be him.”可知，这里强调的是李先生去了某地，不在这里，并且时间状语“since last week”表达的是一段时间， 应用have/has been in;主语是he with his family,谓语动词应该与真正的主语he保持一致，故助动词用has ； 故选Do40、Li Hua along with another boy invited to the party last night.A . isB . wasC . areD . were答案：B解析：句意：昨晚李华和另一个男孩被邀请参加了晚会。考查主谓一致和一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语last night可知，句子应用一般过去时；主语后跟along with短语时，句子谓语动词的形式与along with前面的主语保持一致。故本句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式， 故选Bo41、 He as well as his classmates physics.A . likeB . likesC . have likedD . liked答案：B17试题解析:当两个名词或代词由as well as连接做主语时，动词应和前一个名词或代词的人称和数一致。as well as意味 “也,又,和”。故选B42、Gina along with her parents going to France next week.A . isB . areC . wasD . were答案：A解析：句意：吉娜和她的父母下周要去法国。根据时间状语next week判断，时态为一般将来时态，排除C,D ；此句 的主语为Gina, along with her parents做伴随状语，故答案为Ao点睛：主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, along with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including 等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式。Mike with his father has been to England,迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。Mike, like his brother enjoys playing football,迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。43、一Jane, I rang you up last night but nobody answered.一Oh, I together with my parents walks in the park then.A . have takenB . was takingC . were takingD . had taken答案：B解析：句意：简，我昨晚给你打电话，但是没人接。哦，那时我和我的父母在公园里散步。考查时态辨析。根据“then”可知讲过去那时正在做的事情，用过去进行时，其结构为was/weredoing ；根据 “together with”可知遵循就远一致原则，be动词的数与T保持一致,用was。故选B。1844、一Julie, where is your sister?一She with my mom clothes in the bathroom.A . washB . washesC . is washingD . are washing答案：C解析：句意：Julie,你的妹妹在哪里？ 她和我妈妈在浴室里洗衣服。考查动词时态以及主谓一致。根据"where is your sister"可知，表示现在正在进行的动作用现在进行时be doing的结构。with修饰中心词，遵循“就远原则”，离be动词最远的主语she是第三人称，助动词用is,故 选C。45、一 I called you last night but no one answered the phone.一 I with my parents a TV programme about celebrating the 20th anniversary of Macao' s return toChina.A . was watchingB . watchedC . have watchedD . were watching答案：A解析：句意：昨晚我给你打电话，但是没人接。我当时正和父母在看关于澳门回归20周年的电视节目。考查过去进行时。根据上文I called you last night but no one answered the phone可知，此处说的是电话响时 回答者正在做的事，表示过去某一时段正在进行的动作应用过去进行时，B、C选项可排除。根据句子结构， 本句主语为I, with my parents表伴随，故句子过去进行时应用“was +现在分词”结构，故选A。46、 Neither Kate nor her cousins to America, but of them have known the country very well.19A . has been toB . has gone toC . has been inD . have been in答案：C解析：句意：作为交换生，玛丽和她的家人已经在武汉待了一年半。考查现在完成时及主谓一致。has been to去过（已回）；has gone to去了（未回）；has been in强调待在某 地的时长；have been in强调待在某地的时长。根据"for one and a half years"可知，此处强调在武汉待的时 长,应用have/has been in ；又由“Mary with her family”可知，此处遵循“就远一致原则”，助动词的数应 于“Mary”保持一致，Mary为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故选C。4、 Judy as well as I happily on the playground.A . are playingB . am playingC . is playingD . play答案：C解析：句意：朱迪和我都在操场上玩得很开心。考查主谓一致。as well as连接并列主语，需满足“就远一致”原则，谓语动词取决于Judy,故选C。5、一I called you yesterday evening, but no one answered the phone.Oh, I with my friends some shopping in Wal-Mart.A . were doingB . was doingC . did答案：B解析：句意：我昨晚给你打电话，但是没有人接电话。喔，我和朋友正在沃尔玛购物。考查动词的时态和主谓一致。were doing动词的过去进行时，主语是复数；was doing动词的过去进行时，主A . have been, allB . have gone, bothC . has been, allD . has been, both答案：A解析：句意：凯特和她的表兄弟们都没有到过美国，但他们都很了解这个国家。短语have been to表示去过某地， 以前去过现在已经回来了； have gone to表示去了，在途中也可能到了。第一个空是去过某地，用have been to- ； neithernor连接两个主语时谓语动词采用就近原则。和her cousins保持一直,助动词用have。 Neither Kate nor her cousins根据上文可知是两个人以上，用both,表示两者都;all表示三者或三者以上都。 根据题意，故选A。小提示：havebeento意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，常与ever,just,never等词连用。其后可接once,twice 等表示次数的词。如：1）、He has just been to the libraryo2）、They have never been to the Great Walk3）、I have been to Beijing many times。have gone to意为“到某地去了”，说话时作句子主语的人不在现场，通常是第三人称作句子的主语。如：4）、Where is Tom? He has gone to the post officeo5）、Mr Green isn there。He has gone to Shanghaio47、 Mr. Smith, together with his wife,coming soon.A . areB . isC . wereD . does答案：B20解析: 句意：史密斯先生和他的妻子很快就要来了。考查主谓一致及动词时态。因为主语后面跟有together with,要遵“就前原则”，谓语动词的单、复数根据主 语的单、复数而定，所以谓语动词取决于Mr. Smith,排除A和C。又因为soon翻译为不久表将来，用come 的现在进行时is coming形式表将来，排除D,故选B。小提示：就前原则指主语后面跟有 as well as、along withs withs together withx except、besides、including、followed by等引导的词组时，谓语动词的单、复数根据主语的单、复数而定。彳列句:The girl as well as boys has learned to use computers .48、 一The Special Olympics World Games bring the disabled a good chance to experience their lives.I think so. It gives them a chance to show their skills to the world.A . insteadB . eitherC . alsoD . as well答案：D解析：试题分析：句意：-残奥会给残疾人体验人生的机会。-我想是的。它也给他们向世人展示他们能力的机会。A. instead代替，顶替，而不；B. either也（不），用于否定句里，表示“也” ；C.also也，用于肯定句的句中； D. as well也，用于句末。这是一个肯定句，句末，用as well。故选D。考点：考查副词辨析。49、Daniel with Simon baseball every Saturday afternoon.A . playB . playsC . has playedD . have played21答案：B 解析：句意：丹尼尔和西蒙每个星期六下午打棒球。A. play动词，玩、踢、打；B. plays踢、打；动词单三；C. has played现在完成时态结构，主语为第三人称单数；D. have played现在完成时态结构，主语为第一、二人称以 及第三人称复数。根据时间短语every Saturday afternoon可知，本句使用一般现在时态；主语Daniel单数的 第三人称。故选BoLook! The woman is soup. Soup vegetables tastes delicious.A . make, withB . making. withC . makes, withD . making, and答案：B解析：句意：看那个女人正在煮汤。蔬菜汤味道鲜美。考查时态和主谓一致。根据look可知是现在进行时态，结构为be doing,故排除AC；第二空若主语为A and B,则谓语用原形，跟tastes不符；因此是A withB,主语为A （遵循就远一致），即soup,谓语用单数。故 选B。50、 Mr. Black went to Seattle to attend a meeting,his wife and kids.A . as forB . along withC . full of答案：B解析：句意：布莱克先生去西雅图参加会议，他的妻子和孩子一起去的。本题考查介词短语。as for至于；along with 一道，一同；full of充满。此处表示他的妻子和孩子和他一起去的, 用 along witho 故选 Bo52、Your writing is good a few grammar mistakes.22A . except forB . exceptC . except thatD . besides答案：A解析：句意：你的写作很好，只是有几个语法错误。except for除了；后所排除的内容与主语往往不是同一类的，排除整体中的一部分；except除了，后排除的内 容与主语往往是同一类的；排除在外；except that后面跟从句；besides除了，这里是包括在内，有不但而且 的意思；besides是包括在内的，except是排除在外的。选项A符合题意。根据题意，故选A。小提示：besides和except者R表示：除.外，但区别是,besides后面跟的内容一定和主句的内容是一个性质或一起的（所谓 “加法）译为“此外、并且、而且“ except后面跟的内容一定与主句讲的内容不是一起的或一个性质的。except后面就加和前面相同类型的：例如：There is nothing in the room except a table.There is nobody in the room except WangYongXian.except for后面就加和前面不相同类型的：例如：There is nothing in the room except for WangYongXian.There is nobody in the room except for a table.53、Billy along with his parents invited to the party and they enjoyed themselves.A . wasB . wereC . isD . are答案：A解析：句意：比利和他的父母被邀请参加那个聚会，他们玩得非常高兴。along with连接并列主语，谓语用就远原贝九23根据第一个主语Billy来判断，故谓语用第三人称单数。根据enjoyed可知此处用一般过去时，故为was。故选Ao小提示：由 or; either ,or ； nor; neitheror ； whetheror ； notbut; not onlybut also 等连接的并列主语,谓语用就近 原则。由 as well as, (together/along) with, rather than, except/besides/but/including, in addition to,apart from 等连接 并列主语，谓语用就远原则。54、Sally as well as her brother reading books.A . likesB . likeC . likedD . is liking答案：A解析：句意：萨莉和她哥哥一样喜欢读书。本题考查就远原则。likes动词三单;like动词原形；liked过去式；is liking现在进行时；根据"as well as ”用 就远原则，结合“Sally”可知此处用动词三单，根据读书是兴趣爱好，所以用一般现在时，故选A。55、一 What does Miss Black do at weekends?She with some students often in the playground.A . is runningB . are runningC . runD . runs答案：D解析：句意：布兰克小姐周末做什么？她和一些学生经常在操场上玩。24 考查主谓一致。根据问句does可知，句子用的是一般现在时，所以答语也用一般现在时，with some students 指介词短语，不能做主语，所以主语是she,故谓语动词用第三人称单数，故选D。56、Tom, Jane and Rose, going to the farm on foot.A . as long as; isB . as well as; areC . as long as; areD . as well as; is答案：D解析：句意：汤姆、简和罗斯打算步行去农场。考查as well as的用法。as long as只要，引导让步状语从句；as well as也，还有，连接两个名词作复合主语, 谓语动词的形式由as well as前的名词决定。联系句意，是三个人一起去农场，因主语是Tom,所以谓语动词用 第三人称单数。故选Do57、The boy with two dogs in the yard when the earthquake hit the city.A . is playingB . are playingC . was playingD . were playing答案：C解析：句意：地震发生时，那个带着两只狗的男孩在院子里玩耍。考查动词时态。根据 "The boy with two dogs.in the yard when the earthquake hit the city."可知，此处是 when引导的时间状语从句，当地震发生时男孩正在院子里玩耍，表示过去的某一时刻正在发生的动作，用过 去进行时，结构为was/were doing,主语为“The boy”，be动词用was。故选C。58、Linda with her mother shopping now.A . is goB . are goingC . is going25答案：C 解析：句意：琳达和她妈妈正在购物。考查主谓一致。is go结构错误，可排除。本句with her mother （和她的妈妈）做后置定语，Linda是单数第三 人称，系词需用is ；根据现在进行时的结构，故选C。59、Mr. Chen with Daniel going to start a campfire.A . isB . amC . willD . are答案：A解析：句意：陈先生和Daniel要去生篝火。考查主谓一致。当主语后有with短语时，谓语动词遵循“就远原则”，与较远的主语保持一致，此句是一般将 来时be going to结构，be动词与Mr. Chen保持一致，用第三人称单数形式。故选A。60、 I like all the colors black, so I seldom wear black clothes .A . besideB . exceptC . besidesD . including答案：B解析：句意：我喜欢所有颜色除了黑色，因此我很少穿黑色的衣服。考查介词辨析。besi