人教版初中英语主谓一致之语法一致考点总结.docx
人教版初中英语主谓一致之语法一致考点总结单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)ls -What will you do after you finish your schoolwork?一My parents me to be a writer.A . hopesB . expectC . makeD . wants答案:B解析:句意:在你完成学业后将做什么?我父母希望我成为作家。考查动词辨析和主谓一致。hope希望;expect期待,期望;make让;wants想要。expect sb. to do sth.表示“期待某人做某事”,是固定短语,没有“hope sb. to d。sth.”这一用法,排除A;根据题干“Myparentsme to be a writer",可知"make sb. do sth,让某人做某事"不合语境,可排除;主语parents是复数 人称,动词不可用三单形式,可排除D。本句是说父母的期望,故选B。2、These my old balls and I like them.A . amB . isC . areD . be答案:C解析:句意:这是我的旧球,我喜欢它们。考查系动词。am是(主语是第一人称);is是(主语是第三人称单数);are是(主语是第二人称或复数);be (be动词原形)。根据主语是these “这些”可知,此处系动词应该用are。故选C。3、This set of keys Helen' s. They not yours.A . are; areB . is; areC . are; isD . is; is25、the elephant. It a short tail.A . Look. haveB . Look at, haveC . Look at, has答案:C解析:句意:看这头大象。它有一条短尾巴。考查动词和主谓一致。Look看起来;have有,动词原形;Look at看;has有,动词三单;根据“the elephant” 可知,此处表达“看”,应用look at,构成祈使句结构;第二句主语是it,动词用三单形式,故填C。26、一 your brother1 s toys (玩具)in his room? Yes. But they are.A . Is; tidyB . Are; tidyC . Are; everywhere答案:C解析:句意:你弟弟的玩具在他房间吗?是的。但是它们到处都是。考查主谓一致以及词义辨析。“toys”是复数形式,be动词用are,排除A选项。tidy整洁的;everywhere到 处都是。根据“But they are”可知,此处指到处都是,故选C。27、the price of the trousers?A . Whaf sB . What areC . How much isD . How much are答案:A解析:句意:裤子的价格是多少?考查特殊疑问句主谓一致。询问价格多少时,疑问词用what,排除CD;句子主语是“the price of the trousers" , be动词应用iso故选Ao1028、一 Do you know if we will have a picnic tomorrow?I think we will if it.A . won5 t rainB . didn* t rainC . don' t rainD . doesn1 t rain答案:D解析:句意:你知道我们明天是否会去野餐么?我认为如果不下雨我们会去的。考查动词的时态。“if”引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现的原则,主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来。主句的动词是“will (have)”,从句主语“it”是第三人称单数,表达“如果不下雨”,谓语动词用 udoesn, train” 的结构。故选 D。29、A number of books in the bookstore about science.A . wasB . areC . is答案:B解析:句意:书店里有许多书是关于科学的。考查主谓一致。was是,be动词的过去式;are是,用于第二人称或人称复数;is是,用于第三人称单数。由 句子结构可知句子缺少系动词be,由语境可知该句时态为一般现在时;a number of许多,修饰可数名词的复 数形式,a number of books表示“许多的书”,其后面的be动词用复数形式are。故选B。30、一 Tom, please turn down the music.Roy Karry is sleeping.一 Sorry, T II do it right away.A . Either; orB . Neither; norC . Both ; andD . Not only ; but also答案:D11解析: 句意:汤姆,请把音乐关小点。罗伊和卡里正在睡觉。对不起,我马上就去关。考查并列连词和主谓一致。eitheror.或者或者,连接并列主语,谓语用就近原则;neither.nor既 不也不,连接并列主语,谓语用就近原则;bothand两者都,连接并列主语,谓语用复数形式;not only.but also不仅而且,连接并列主语,谓语用就近原则。根据上文"please turn down the music." 可知两人都在睡觉,排除A和B,由谓语动词“is”可知使用Not only ; but also。故选D。31、一The pants look like yours.No. Mine blue.A . isB . areC . has答案:B解析:句意:这裤子看起来像是你的。不是。我的是蓝色的。考查be动词。主语mine在此处指代my pants,是复数,所以be动词应该用are,故选B。32、一 Tom come from England ?Yes, he.A . Is; isB . Does; isC . Is; doesD . Does; does答案:D解析:句意:汤姆是来自英格兰吗?是的,他是。考查一般疑问句。根据"come from”可知,此句应该用助动词来提问。主语Tom为第三人称单数,所以助动词应该用doeso肯定回答为Yes, he does,故选Do1233、 Where is Mr. Jackson?一 He in the living room now. He a book every Sunday afternoon.A . reads; readsB . reads, is readingC . is reading; readsD . is reading; is reading答案:C解析:句意:杰克逊先生在哪里?他现在正在客厅看书。他每个星期天下午读一本书。考查动词时态。第一空根据“now”可知,应用现在进行时,格式为“be+doing”,表示正在发生的动作,主 语为三单“he”,be动词用is ;第二空根据“every Sunday afternoon”可知,应用一般现在时,主语为“he”,动词用三单形式“reads”。故选C。34、 More than three of the population Chinese in Singapore.A . quarter; isB . quarters; areC . quarter; areD . quarters; is答案:B解析:句意:在新加坡超过四分之三的人口是华人。考查集体名词。分数用基数词作分子,序数词作分母,除了分子是“1”以外,其他情况下序数词都要用复数 形式。表达“四分之三”用“three quarters”。 “分数+of+名词”作主语,谓语动词的数由名词来定;当名词 为可数名词复数时,谓语动词用复数;名词是可数名词单数或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。“the population” 表达某一特定地区的人口是复数概念,用be动词“are”。故选B。35、 Mr. Smith in Shanghai since 2011. He really loves this city.A . wasB . have beenC . has beenD . will be答案:C13解析: 句意:史密斯先生自2011年以来一直在上海。他真的很喜欢这个城市。考查现在完成时。根据“since 2011"可知,此处用现在完成时,主语是“Mr. Smith”,助动词用has,故选C。36、一 Whose guitar is this?Susan plays the guitar. It must.A . belong to herB . be herC . belongs to herD . is hers答案:A解析:句意:这是谁的吉他?苏珊弹吉他,准是属于她的。考查谓语。句子主语是匕此处表示“所属,动词应用belong to ”属于”,其后接人称代词宾格,must是 情态动词,后接动词原形,故选A。37、Some chicken in the bowl, and some eggs on the table.A . is; isB . are; areC . is; areD . are; is答案:C解析:句意:碗里有一些鸡肉,还有一些鸡蛋在桌子上。考查主谓一致。第一个空前的主语chicken是不可数名词,故be动词用“is” ;第二个空前的主语eggs是可 数名词复数,故be动词用“are”。故选C。38、一It that you are unhappy. What happened?一I lost my new dictionary.A . seemB . seemsC . is seem14答案:B 解析:句意:你看起来不开心。怎么了 ?我的新字典丢了。考查主谓一致。seem似乎,动词原形;seems似乎,动词三单形式;is seem错误形式;句子主语是it,动词 应用三单形式,构成固定结构It seems that,故选B。39、Which of the following sentences is NOT CORRECT?A . She will not rest until the murderer is caught and sentenced.B . Do you have anything planned for the rest of the day?C . T II keep a third of the money and the rest are for you.D . He' s a very good example to the rest of the class.答案:C解析:句意:下列哪个句子是不正确的?考查句子结构。She will not rest until the murderer is caught and sentenced,在凶手被抓住并判刑之前,她是不 会罢休的。Do you have anything planned for the rest of the day?今天剩下的时间你有什么计划吗? r II keep a third of the money and the rest are for you.我留下三分之一,其余的给你。分数由基数词和序数词合成:分子 用基数词,分母用序数词,表达“三分之一”用。ne third,且the rest表示“剩下的钱”,作主语,be动词用 is,所以C项错误;He* s a very good example to the rest of the class,他是班上其他同学的好榜样。其他三项 都正确。故选C。40、Uncle John has a big farm and he the animals every morning.A . feedB . feedingC . feedsD . fed答案:C15解析: 句意:约翰叔叔有一个大农场,他每天早上去喂养动物。考查一般现在时。feed喂养,动词原形;feeding喂养,动词现在分词形式/动名词形式;feeds喂养,第三人 称单数形式;fed喂养,动词过去式。根据题干中的“every morning”可知,句子为一般现在时。再根据主语“he”为第三人称单数作主语可知,谓语动词要用单数形式。故选C。41、 一 be noisy! One of the students.r m very sorry.A . No; is writingB . No; writeC . Don5 t; are writingD . Don' t; is writing答案:D解析:句意:别吵了 !其中一个学生在写作。我很抱歉。考查祈使句和主谓一致。分析句子可知前句是否定祈使句,一般用“No+动名词”和“Don' t+原形动词”结 构,由题干“be noisy”可知用“Don' t”,可排除前两项;结合语境后句用现在进行时,主语“one”是单 数第三人称,系动词需用iso故选DoMy brother play sports, he only them on TV.A . don' t; watchB . doesn' t; watchesC . isn* t; watchesD . isn' t; watch答案:B解析:句意:我哥哥不喜欢做运动,他只在电视上看(运动节目)。考查助动词。根据空后"play sports"可知,第一空应该填助动词,故排除C、D项。又根据主语uMy brother" 是第三人称单数,故助动词用does,其否定形式为doesn* to故选B。1643、Happiness in her grandfather* s eyes every time he hears her voice.A . shinesB . is shoneC . shoneD . was shone答案:A解析:句意:每次她爷爷听到她的声音,他的眼睛里总是闪耀出喜悦的神情。考查动词时态和语态。shine为不及物动词,无被动语态,排除B和D。由every time he hears her voice可知, 是说明爷爷的一种习惯,用一般现在时表示经常发生的动作或习惯,故选A。44、John photos with his classmates when it began to rain heavily.A . were readingB . was takingC . is buyingD . are cleaning答案:B解析:句意:开始下大雨时,约翰正在和他的同学们合影。考查过去进行时和主谓一致。根据“when it began to rain heavily.”可知下雨的时候正在做某事,用过去进行时was/were doing,排除CD ;主语是“John”,be动词用waso故选Bo45、一 those cows on the farm? 一No. they.A . Are, areB . Is, aren5 tC . Are, aren, t答案:C解析:句意:那些牛在农场吗?不,它们不在。考查主谓一致及一般疑问句的回答。第一空句子主语是cows, be动词应用复数形式are,排除A选项;回答中No后面要接否定形式,故选Co1746、The number of the students in our school than in any other one.A . is more; thoseB . are more; thatC . is larger; thatD . are large; those答案:C解析:句意:我们学校的学生人数比其他任何学校的学生都多。考查主谓一致,形容词比较级以及代词用法。the number of表示“的数量”,修饰主语be动词用is,排除B和D选项。more更多的;larger更大的。修饰数量多要用形容词large,故选Co47、Look! Some chicken on the table.A . areB . doC . isD . does答案:C解析:句意:看!一些鸡肉在桌子上。考查主谓一致。分析句子可知,句子缺少系动词,排除BD;且主语是“some chicken”,意为“鸡肉”,不可 数名词,be动词用iso故选C。48、一The homeless so poor that they have nowhere to live.Exactly, but to our joy, the local government can them with special places to stay.A . is; off er B . are; giveC . are; provideD . is; afford答案:C解析:句意:无家可归的人穷得没有地方住。没错,但让我们高兴的是,当地政府可以为他们提供特殊的居 住场所。18 考查主谓一致以及动词辨析。the+形容词表示同一类人,看作复数形式,be动词用复数形式are,排除A和D 选项。give 给;provide 提供。根据 “them with special places to stay"可知,此处用 provide sb. with sth.表示“给某人提供某物",故选C。49、-How your mother today? 一She fine. Thank you.A . are, isB . is, isC . am, isD . do, is答案:B解析:句意:你妈妈今天怎么样?她很好。谢谢你。考查be动词。第一个句子是主系表结构,排除D选项。your mother是单数形式,be动词用is ; she是第三人 称,be动词用is,故选B。50、一Do you know there a number of books on science in our school library?Yes. The number of them growing larger and larger.A are, isB . is, areC . is, is答案:A解析:句意:你知道我们学校图书馆里有许多关于科学的书吗?是的。它们的数量变得越来越大。考查主谓一致。a number of修饰复数名词books, be动词用are。the number of修饰主语,be动词用is,故 选Ao51、一 your sister often sports?Yes, and she often tennis with my parents.A . Does; do; playsB . Do; does; playsC . Does; do; play19答案:B 解析:句意:这串钥匙是海伦的。它们不是你的。考查主谓一致。第一处谓语动词取决于set,用is ;第二处主语是They, be动词用are。故选Bo4、一There was a serious traffic accident in that area yesterday.一But the number of people were k川ed in the accident been announced yet.A . that; haveB . who; hasn* tC . which; hasn' t答案:B解析:句意:昨天那个地区发生了一起严重的交通事故。但事故死亡人数尚未公布。考查定语从句关系词及主谓一致。that引导定语从句,在从句中作主语或宾语,指代人或物;who引导定语从 句,在从句中作主语或宾语,指代人;which引导定语从句时,在从句中作主语或宾语,指代物。根据“the number of people . were killed in the accident"可知此处是定语从句,先行词"people"指人,且在从句中作 主语,用who引导定语从句;由“yet”可推出死亡人数尚未公布,用否定句,the number of修饰主语,助动 词用hasn' to故选Bo5、I Lily and he Jack.A . is; areB . is; isC . am; isD . am; are答案:C解析:句意:我是Lily,他是Jack。考查主谓一致。系动词be的用法:我用am,你用are, is用于他、她、它;单数形式用is,复数形式都用are ;答案:A 解析:句意:你的姐姐经常做运动吗?是的,她经常和我的父母一起打网球。考查一般疑问句和主谓一致。问句中的主语your sister为第三人称单数,需用助动词Does开头,第二空用动 词原形do;答语中,根据空前的she是单数第三人称,可知此处应用动词的第三人称单数形式playso故选A。52、About of the research on animals5 behaviour been done so far.A . two-nineteenths; haveB . two-nineths; hasC . two-ninths; hasD . two-nineties; have答案:C解析:句意:到目前为止,大约有九分之二的关于动物行为的研究已经完成。考查分数和主谓一致。分数的构成是“子基母序,分子大于一,分母加s”,排除BD ;本句主语是research, 助动词用haso故选Co53、The zebra in Africa, and it eat meat.A . live; doesn5 tB . lives; isn* tC . lives; doesn' t答案:C解析:句意:斑马在非洲生活,它不吃肉。考查一般现在时。根据句意和主语“The zebra” “it”可知,事情讲述一般事实,应用一般现在时;主语是第 三人称单数,谓语动词用三单形式,因此第一空用“lives” ;根据“eat meat”可知,第二空用助动词“doesn' t"。故选 C。54、 Doing exercise good for your health.20答案:A解析:句意:做锻炼对你的健康有好处。考查动名词做主语。句中“Doing exercise”作单数主语,后面跟了词组“be good for.”,用is,故选A。小提示:难点突破:本题难点在于掌握动名词做主语做单数主语并要注意把握句子时态。55、The number of the students who study abroad in the past few years.A . have risenB . has developedC . has increasedD . have increased答案:C解析:句意:在过去的几年中,出国留学的学生人数有所增加。考查主谓一致及动词辨析。rise (数量)增加,增长;develop发展;increase增加。根据"The number of the students who study abroad n可知出国留学的学生人数应是增加了,排除B ;主语用“The number of”修饰, 谓语助动词用第三人称单数形式has,排除ADO故选Co56、一 your cousin Sandy love reading?Yes. She often goes to the library in her free time.A . IsB . DoC . DoesD . Are答案:C解析:句意:你的表妹Sandy喜欢阅读么?是的,她有空的时候经常去图书馆。21考查一般疑问句。根据U.your cousin Sandy love reading?"中的实意动词“love”可知,此处应用助动词进行提问。再结合“your cousin Sandy”可知,此处应用动词第三人称单数形式。故选C。57、number of students in our school is 26000.number of them go to school by bus.A . A; AB . The; TheC . A; TheD . The; A答案:D解析:句意:我们学校的学生人数是26000人。他们中的许多人乘公共汽车上学。考查冠词辨析。a number of 许多;the number of的数量。根据"number of students in our school is 26000" 可知,第一空指学生的数量,应填the。根据“number of them go to school by bus”可知,第二空指他们中 的许多人,应填a,故选D。58、一Where your cousin?一She' s from Nanjing.A . do; fromB . is; fromC . is; in front ofD . is; next to答案:B解析:句意:你表妹来自哪里?她来自南京。考查主谓一致和固定搭配。from来自;in front of在前面;next to紧挨着。问句中主语是your cousin,所 以be/助动词用三单形式;故排除A ;由答语“She,s from Nanjing."可知,是问她来自哪里,be from来自。故选Bo59、 Each of the students on the stage help from their teachers and parents.A . frightening, needB . frightened, needs toC . frightening, needs toD . frightened, needs22答案:D 解析:句意:舞台上每一个害怕的学生需要来自老师和父母的帮助。考查形容词和主谓一致。frightening令人害怕的,用于形容物或事;frightened感到害怕的,形容人。根据名 词“students”可知句子表达的是“感到害怕的学生”用形容词“frightened”。need需要;need知(do)需要 做某事。根据"help from their teachers"可知"help”是名词,用动词“need sth.”的结构。“each +可数名 词单数”表单数意义,作主语时,谓语动词用单数。表达“需要帮助”动词用三单形式“needs”。故选D。60、一What are you doing?一I. I for an hour every day.A . am reading; am readingB . read; am readingC . am reading; read答案:C解析:句意:你正在干什么?我正在读书。我每天读书一小时。考查时态辨析。根据“What are you doing?”可知答句要用现在进行时,其结构为am/is/are doing ;再由 “everyday”可知第二空用一般现在时,主语 甲 后用read的原形°故选C。61、If it tomorrow, I will go out for a picnic with you.A . don' t rainB . doesn* t rainC . won, t rainD . didn1 t rain答案:B解析:句意:如果明天不下雨,我将和你一起去野餐。考查动词的时态。这是“if”引导的条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”的原则,主句是一般将来时“will go”,23从句用一般现在时表示将来。从句的主语是“it”,是第三人称单数,表达“不下雨”用“doesn' train”。 故选Bo62、Sixty percent of my pocket money from my mother.A . getB . areC . comeD . comes答案:D解析:句意:我的零用钱的百分之六十来自我的妈妈。考查动词辨析以及主谓一致。get得至ij ; are是;come来;comes来,动词三单形式。根据"Sixty percent of my pocket money from my mother"可知,此处表示来自妈妈,排除A和B选项。百分数修饰主语时,谓语 动词与of后的名词单复数保持一致,“money”是不可数名词,动词用三单形式,故选D。63、The teacher told the students that the earth round, not flat.A . wasB . isC . has beenD . is being答案:B解析:句意:老师告诉学生们地球是圆的,不是平的。考查一般现在时。句子属于宾语从句,从句表示的是客观真理,因此它不受主句时态限制,需用一般现在时; 主语the earth属于第三人称单数,be动词用is,故选B。64、 My sister usually her room after school. But now she tennis.A . clean; playsB . cleans; playingC . cleans; is playing答案:C解析:24句意:我姐姐通常放学后打扫她的房间。但是现在她正在打网球。考查动词时态。第一空根据“usually”可知,此处是一般现在时,主语“My sister”是第三人称单数,因此动 词用三单形式,因此第一空是cleans;第二空根据“now”可知,此处是现在进行时,结构是“am/is/are doing”,主语“she”是单数,因此be动词是is,因此第二空是is playing。故选C。65、Peter, Jim and I classmates.all love maths lessons.A . are all, WeB . all are, WeC . are all, TheyD . all are, They答案:A解析:句意:彼得、吉姆和我都是同班同学,我们都喜欢数学课。考查主谓一致及代词的用法。all者B,通常放在系动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前;前面的主语Peter, Jim and I,表示复数,系动词用are,后面人称代词应用we。故选A。66、There are many rules in our school, for example, eating in our classroom.A . are not allowedB . is not allowedC . allow答案:B解析:句意:我们学校有很多规定,例如,教室里不准吃饭。考查动词的语态。主语是eating和谓语动词之间存在被动关系,用一般现在时态的被动语态,其结构是be done的形式,动名词做主语,be动词用单数is, allow的过去分词是allowed,此处是否定形式,故选B。67、 Generally speaking, tea plants on the sides of mountains.A . grewB . are grownC . were grownD . is grown答案:B25解析: 句意:一般来说,茶树被种植在山的两侧。考查时态和语态。主语"tea plants”与动词grow “种植”之间是动宾关系,结合"Generally speaking"可知 讲述一般事实,用一般现在时的被动语态,其结构为am/is/aredone,主语是复数,此处用be动词are。故选 Bo68、English all over the world.A . speaksB . are spokenC . is speakingD . is spoken答案:D解析:句意:全世界都说英语。考查一般现在时的被动语态。本题主语English与谓语动词speak之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,且描述的是客观 事实,因此用一般现在时的被动语态,结构是be done;主语English是单数,因此be动词为is。故选D。69、The cat under the table a hat.A . look likeB . like to play withC . likes play withD . looks like答案:D解析:句意:桌子下面的那只猫看起来像一顶帽子。考查动词短语和主谓一致。根据题干可知,句子陈述一般事实,时态用一般现在时,主语The cat是第三人称 单数,因此这里的谓语动词也要用第三人称单数。like的用法为like tod。或者like doing,所以C选项形式错 误,因此只有D选项looks likes "看起来像”符合题意,故选Do2670、of the students girls in our class.A . Twenty-five percent; isB . Twenty percent; areC . One quarter; is答案:B解析:句意:我们班20%的学生是女生。考查数词及主谓一致。英语中的百分数,常用“基数词+ percent”表示。主语中心词students为复数,故对 应的be动词为areo故选B。71、Seven and two.A . is nineB . are nineC . is fiveD . are five答案:A解析:句意:七加二等于九。考查数字运算及主谓一致。英语中表示“等于”用is,排除B/D选项;结合“Seven and two”可知,7+2=9, 故选A。72、The number of the volunteers in our city 2,000 and a number of them teachers andstudents.A . is; areB . is; isC . are; isD . are; are答案:A解析:句意:我们城市的志愿者人数是2000人,他们中许多是教师和学生。考查主谓一致。is是,be动词单数形式;are是,be动词复数形式,the number of ”的数量”后加可数名27 词复数,作主语时,谓语动词用单数,所以第一个空用is,排除C和D, a number of “许多,大量”后加可数 名词复数,作主语时,谓语动词用复数,所以第二个空用are,排除B,故选A。73、一How many lessons Mr Wang