2023年人教版高考英语总复习第二部分考点培优训练 考点六必修 第一册Unit 5Languages around the World.docx

六 必修 第一册Unit 5 Languages around the World（限时60分钟）i.阅读理解A（2022 贵阳模拟）Science fiction often presents us with planets that speak a single language. However, that humans can express themselves in several thousand languages is a delight. Few would welcome the loss of this variety.Unfortunately, the days in which English shares the planet with thousands of other languages are numbered. A traveler to the future is likely to notice two things about the language landscape of Earth. One, there will be fewer languages. Two, languages will be less complicated than they are today.By 2115, it's possible that only about 600 languages will be left on the planet as opposed to today's 6, 000. Too often, colonization （殖民）has led to the disappearance of languages: Native speakers are punished for using their own languages. Urbanization has only furthered the destruction by bringing people away from their homelands to cities where a single language rules.In addition, it is easy for speakers to associate larger languages with opportunities and smaller ones with backwardness. Consequently, people stop passing on smaller languages to their children.There are diligent efforts to keep endangered languages from dying. Sadly, few are likely to lead to communities9 raising children in the languages, which is the only way the languages exist as their full selves.Instead, many communities create new versions of the languages, with smaller vocabularies and simpler grammar. The Irish Gaelic （盖尔语）proudly spoken by today9s English-Gaelic bilinguals （会说两种语言的人）is an example.We may regret the eclipse of a world where 6, 00（） different languages are spoken, but beginning. We only used some simple tutorial（辅导的）videos, which were played at half speed in the beginning, and then we played faster and faster. With the help and care from all of the crew members, we finally made it. With the performance date approaching, we hurried to finish the remaining work: choosing our performance uniforms, writing the subtitles, adjusting the lighting effects and doing the last rehearsal. When the day of rehearsal finished, everyone was tired but very thrilled.We couldn't help but look forward to our great performance. On the final day, when I watched the play, which had been changed many times, my eyes were full of tears of excitement and relief. After so much practice and countless hardships, each of our actors played their roles and shined their own light. The show has ended, but the memorable experiences and happiness it left will never fade.fortunately, it seems a large amount of linguistic diversity will be preserved.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨了未来语言的发展方向：失去多样性，变得单一。1. What are paragraphs 3 to 5 mainly talking about?A. The ways of saving endangered languages.B. The influence urbanization will have on languages.C. The factors that will lead to there being fewer languages.D. The reasons why parents don't teach their children smaller languages.【解析】选Co段落大意题。根据第三段至第五段阐述了语言种类逐渐减少的几个因素可知, 第三至五段讲的是关于导致语言减少的因素，故选coAccording to the article, the birth of the Irish Gaelic probably resulted from the effort toA. promote Irish cultureprevent Gaelic from disappearingB. attract more people to learn Gaelicboost trades between Ireland and other countries【解析】选Bo推理判断题。根据第五段和第六段可知，爱尔兰盖尔语的诞生可能是为了防 止盖尔语的消失，故选B。2. What does the underlined word “eclipse" probably mean in the last paragraph?A. Loss. B. Circulation.C. Appearance. D. Structure.【解析】选 A。词义猜测题。根据下文的“but fortunately, it seems a large amount of linguistic diversity will be preserved”可知，句子意思是“我们可能会对这个使用6 000种不同语言的世界 的消失感到遗憾，但幸运的是，大量的语言多样性似乎将被保留下来”，因此eclipse意为“减 少，消失"，即loss,故选AoWhat does the passage mainly talk about?A. The ways to learn future languages.B. The evolution of languages over the coming century.C. The importance of preserving language diversity.D. The efforts linguists have made to save endangered languages.【解析】选Bo主旨大意题。根据第二段可知文章主要探讨了未来语言的发展方向：失去多 样性，变得单一。因此本文主要是关于语言在未来一个世纪的演变，故选B。【长难句分析】Urbanization has only furthered the destruction by bringing people away from their homelands to cities where a single language rules.分析:by bringing.为介词短语作状语,where引导定语从句修饰先行词citieso翻译：城市化只会进一步加剧破坏，把人们从他们的家乡带到只有一种语言的城市。BIn the Ancient Greek world, one was meant to focus on a close knowledge of just two books, Homer's Odyssey and his Iliad, because these were the best guides to action in military and civilian affairs. However, the modern world firmly equals the intelligent person with the well-read person.Nowadays, if we do not rush to read four of this year's major prize winning books, we will feel guilty at how far behind we are. We think that there should be no limit to how much we read because in answer to the question of why we read, there is only one response that will ever be ambitious enough: we read in order to know everything.But this tiring approach to reading does not make us particularly happy. So in order to ease and simplify our lives, we might have a much more limited, focused and useful goal. We might, for example, read in order to learn to be content.With this new, far more targeted ambition in mind, much of the pressure to read constantly and randomly starts to fade. Once we know that we are reading to be content, we don't need to chase every book published this season. We can zero in on titles that best explain what we need. So for example, we may need a few key books that will teach us about how families work and how they might work better, that can take us through how to find a job, or how to develop the courage to develop our opportunities.The more we understand what reading is for us, the more we can enjoy close relationships with a few works only. The truly well-read person isn't the one who has read a huge number of books, but someone who has let themselves be deeply shaped by just a few, very well-chosen titles.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。作者在文章中介绍了当今社会中盲目阅读的现象，并提倡人 们有针对性地阅读，阅读能够满足自己需要的书籍。3. Why are Homer's Odyssey and Iliad mentioned in the first paragraph?A. To present a fact.B. To explain a point.C. To raise a question.D. To make a comparison.【解析】选Do推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，第一段提到荷马的奥德赛和伊 利亚特是为了把过去和现在的阅读观点进行比较。故选DoWhat can we infer from Paragraphs 2 and 3?A. Major prize winning books should be read.B. We should be ambitious to read to know everything.C. Reading as much as we can leads to happiness.D. We should read with a focused purpose.【解析】选Do推理判断题。作者在第二段和第三段中告诉我们，盲目的大量阅读并没有让 我们特别高兴，我们应该有目的性地去阅读一些对我们有用的书，这样我们的生活会变得轻 松和简单，由此可知，我们可以从第二段和第三段中推断出我们应该有目的地阅读。故选D。 7. What kind of books does the author advise us to read?A. The newly published ones.B. Those with innovative names.C. The books meeting your needs.D. The books improving your ambitions.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，作者认为，我们应该专注于那些能够解释 我们的疑惑，满足我们需要的书，由此可知，作者建议我们读能满足我们需要的书。故选CoWhat is the author's purpose in writing the text?A. To promote our interest in reading.B. To advocate a targeted reading way.C. To criticize reading blindly.D. To compare different reading styles.【解析】选Bo推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，在作者看来，真正博览群书的人是 那些带有明确目标去阅读的人，所阅读的书籍能够满足自己的需要，给自己带来影响，而不 是盲目阅读大量书籍的人，由此可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是提倡有针对性的阅读方式。故 选B。【词汇积累】军事的平民的负罪感的有抱负的简化随机地追赶military civilian guilty ambitious simplify randomly chase n.完形j（2022重庆模拟）I have been reading books for as long as I can remember. I have always loved to read and never thought 1 about this hobby-until I heard that some people consider reading to be “nerdy”. When did having a 2 for reading become associated with being a so-called nerd（书呆 子）？ People who 3 others for their love of novels just don't understand what bookworms experience when reading stories. They don't 4 the feeling of wonder and amazement thatcomes from these paper pages, the 5 roller coaster the stories set us on.Books are like loyal friends-always 6 for the day you decide enough is enough in the real world. You take their hand and 7 into a whole other universe with them. Throughout my life, I have managed to get through tough times by disappearing into a book, into the story of another 8 I envelop myself in the conflicts, crazy plot twists and small successes that 9 these novels, and I forget about the 10 moments in life temporarily. When I finish reading, I often say to myself, “If that character can 11 in a situation like that, I can 12 make it through this day. ”Novels have inspired me and helped lead the way through 13 toward the light. I'm just going to keep 14 the pages of my life and maybe one day, I'll reach a happy ending that allows me to 15 the book and, with a smile on my face, pass it on to the next bookworm to start a brand new story.【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者热爰阅读，结合自己的切身经历讨论了阅读带给他 的美妙体验是那些抨击热爰阅读之人所无法理解的。1. A. well B. again C. deeply D. otherwise【解析】选Do考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一直很喜欢阅读，除此之外，从没多想过这个爰 好，直到听到有些人认为阅读很“傻”（说我是个书呆子）。根据破折号后的内容“until I heard that. 一”可推断出在听到别人的评价前他都没多想。就是因为别人的评价，否则他不会多想。故选D。2. A. name B. word C. passion D. gift【解析】选co考查名词词义辨析。根据前文作者描述了自己热爰阅读:力have always loved to read.可知这就是充满激情"passion”的体现。故选CoA. leave B. judgeC. knowD. blame【解析】选Bo考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“some people consider reading to be Ferdy，”可知 这些说“书呆子”的人做出了评判。故选B。3. A. appreciate B. hideC. rememberD. overcome【解析】选Ao考查动词词义辨析。根据前一句"just don5t understand.可看出作者在强调对热爱阅读给予了不好评价的人无法理解热爱阅读的人的美妙体验。故选A。4. A. beautifulB. emotionalC. realD. awful【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。根据空格后Toller coaster the stories set us on”把阅读比作，坐过山车，可推断是情绪随着故事跌宕起伏。故选琰5. A. responsibleB. necessaryC.readyD. eager【解析】选Co考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文说“书籍像是忠实的朋友”，可知，朋友总是为你在现实世界中决定“够了”的那一天做好准备。故选co6. A. skip B. look C. change D. burst【解析】选Ao考查动词短语辨析。根据后文“disappearing into a book, into the story ofanother.可知阅读让我们进入另一个世界。故选Ao7. A. buyerB. characterC. publisherD. reader【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“disappearing into a book”消失在小说中，可推断是融入小说故事情节，把自己也当成书中的人物之一。故选瓦8. A. light up B. break downC. make up D. contribute to【解析】选 Co 考查动词短语辨析。本句的“conflicts, crazy plot twists and small successes.冲突、情节等是故事的构成部分。故选C。9. A. mountain peak B. history-makingC. last-minuteD. rock bottom【解析】选Do考查名词/形容词短语辨析。根据前文“managed to get through tough times bydisappearing into a book.”可知读小说的目的之一是逃避现实生活中一些艰难时刻，而rockbottom moments in life指人生的低谷。故选Do10. A. surviveB. fallC. prayD. act【解析】选Ao考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“make it through this day”艰难度过这一天，可知, 作者把自己和故事中不幸的人作对比，即人物也是熬过艰难时刻,survive符合语境。故选A。11. A. gently B. surelyC. clearly D. freely【解析】选Bo考查副词词义辨析。根据前文可知作者将自己代入故事“forget about the moments”忘记低谷，可推测空格处是一个肯定的推测。故选B。12. A. water B. historyC. violence D. darkness【解析】选Do考查名词词义辨析。根据后文“toward the light”走向光明，可知此处为穿过黑暗。故选D。13. A. printingB. tearingC. turningD. displaying【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。根据后文“reach a happy ending”抵达幸福的结局，可推断出必须往下读小说才会抵达结局，故需要不断地翻书,turn the pages指“翻页二故选Co14. A. consult B. sell C. read D. close【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“reach a happy ending”抵达幸福的结局，和后文“pass it on to the next bookworm”传给下一位书虫，可推断有合上书本的动作。故选D。I envelop myself in the conflicts, crazy plot twists and small successes that make up these novels, and I forget about the rock bottom moments in life temporarily.分析:that引导定语从句修饰先行词conflicts, plot twists和successes ; and连接并列句。翻译：我把自己沉浸在这些小说里的冲突、疯狂的情节转折和小成功中，我暂时忘记了人生的 低谷时刻。m.读后续写（2022.黄冈模拟）1 never imagined that one day my dream would come true. It was last winter vacation that I received a task: planning for an English show. As a teenager who always dreamed of being a director, I was so excited.However, the process was not as easy as I had thought. We spent a lot of time choosing the clips that we were going to play. Finally, we decided on an American musical film from 2017, The Greatest Showman. All of the creators were amazed by the stories and splendid scenes. I wrote the first script in two days, and our assistant director made great efforts on the casting process. Our main actors did their best to sing the theme songs: A Million Dreams. The Greatest Shoe and This is Me. These three songs were truly hard for us to sing, but with the help of our sound director, they all made great progress.注意：续写词数应为150左右。Although the coronavirus interrupted our rehearsal（排演）plan, we didn't give up on our show.We couldn't help but look forward to our great performance. 参考范文Although the coronavirus interrupted our rehearsal plan, we didn't give up on our show. We started to rehearse again in September last year. Our dancers started their work from the very