谢孟媛KK音标.doc

Unit 1-1 KK音标母音  轻声 其余的母音：四声介绍从i到a，也就是口型从扁到圆的音标。学习从a到u，也就是口型从大到小的音标。练习易混淆的发音（母音）i / e / beater / bitter waste / westreach / rich date / debtgreed / grid mate / metbeater：敲打者拍打器打蛋器搅拌器打手 bitter: 苦的痛苦的心酸激烈地reach: 到达达到伸手夠到 rich：有钱的富有的貴重的奢侈的greed：貪心貪婪 grid：格子铁丝网烤架waste: 浪费滥用 west: 西;西方西方的、西部的date：日期日子年代時代 debt：债,借款恩义,情义负债mate: 同伴、伙伴老弟、老兄 met：meet的过去式和过去分词 e / æ o / maid / mad low / lawlake / lack coat / caughtsnake / snack boat / boughtmaid：少女、侍女、女僕 mad：发疯的,发狂的、愚蠢的;鲁莽的、恼火的lake：湖、池、深紅色 lack：缺少、没有、需要snake：蛇 snack：點心、快餐、一份、部分low：低的,矮的;浅的没營養的卑微地;下贱地 law：法律、法規、訴訟coat：外套、大衣、塗抹 caught：catch的过去式和过去分词抓住、趕上boat：小船、劃船、乘船 bought：buy的过去式和过去分词 / a / Sit / set not / nuttin / ten sock / sucklisten / lesson collar / colorsit: 坐,坐着;就座 set: 放,置;竖立;tin:錫 锡制的;马口铁制的劣等的,伪造的 ten:十、十個 十個的listen：聽、听从,听信 lesson：功课;课业課程一堂課教训,训诫not:不 nut：堅果sock：短袜、鞋墊、喜劇 suck：吸、吸收、吸吮collar：衣服 color：顏色子音-轻声无声子音：p t k f s t有声子音：b d g v z ð d无声子音：h有声子音： m n l r w j练习易混淆的发音（子音）s / z / ðpass / path size / scythesink / think closed / clothedsum / thumb bays / bathepass:傳遞、通過 path：小路、軌道sink：下沉;(日,月)落,没 think：想、思考、認為、預料sum：总计、概況 thumb：拇指、一拇指寬size：尺寸、型號、大小 scythe：长柄大镰刀closed：關閉的、不公開的 clothed：穿.衣服的、覆蓋着的bays：海湾 bathe：把侵入、給洗澡l / r s / lead / read sip / shipflea / free seat / sheetcloud / crowd see / shelead：領導、引路、指揮 read：讀、攻讀、研究、察覺flea：跳蚤 free：自由的;不受控制的免費的、空閑的cloud:雲 crowd：人群、大堆、許多、一幫sip：啜饮、一小口 ship：船,舰seat：座位、位置、職務 sheet：床單、表格、單子see：看、看到、目睹 she：她Unit 2 拼读练习拼读原则子音+母音（后母接前子）iwe, see, three, bunny, field  We see three bunnies in the field.Tim, grill, six, fish  Tim grilled six fish.  eMay, bake, eight, cake  May baked eight cakes. Ted, help, them, sell, seven, egg  Ted helped them sell even eggs.æthat, man, cast, glance, at, cat  That man cast a glance at that cat.a watch, are, not, clock.  Watches are not clocks.    A watch is not a clock.othose, owner, row, old, boat  Those owners rowed old boats. Paul, caught, all, ball  Paul caught all balls. Uwolf, pull, wooden, hook  A wolf pull wooden hooks. uSue, blew, two, blue, bollon  Sue blew two blue bollons. one, dump, truck, bump, bus  One dump truck bumped one bus. the, polite, Aamerican, awake  The polite American awaked.  thirty, person, never, learn, verb, mother  Thirty persons never learned verb with Mother. aiMike, ride, white, bike  Mike rieds a white bike. auour, cow, found, house  Our cow was found in our house. oiJoy, toy  Joy plays toys with joy.Unit 3 自然发音 26个字母在单词中的发音规则。我们学习自然发音，所谓自然发音就是基本无需看音标就会读单词，自然发音的第一种情况，就是一般情况下字母在单词中都是发这种音，掌握这些规则，就成功了70%。Aaæ bag, cat, jam Bbb bat，bed, boyCcK can, car, coat Ddd dog, door, duckEe bell, desk, red Fff face, fan, foodGgg game, girl, leg Hhh hat, hari, hopeIi bid, kiss, six Jjd job, july, jumpKkk key, king, kite Lll lake, leaf, lightMmm man, mask, meat Nnn name, neck, nightOoo cold, rose, smoke Ppp pig, pen, porkQqkw quit, queen, question Rrr rabbit, rain, rightSss sale, sea, bus Ttt table, time, pointUn cup, luck, sun Vvv vase, voice, gloveWww watch, web, work Xxks box, ax, oxYyj yellow, yes, young Zzz zero, zoo, size 自然发音的特殊情况，也就是同一字母的发音产生了规则外的变化。 dog godaie: we     ee: feet, see  ea: heat, flea  y: lady, easy  ie: field, thief  i: dig, milk     y:gu, dirty  ea.e: name, lake     ai: nail, rain  ay: day, way  ea: steak, great  e: bed, cell    ea: bread, head  e.e: sense, fence æa: cat, flagao: lock, clock     a: watch, armo(r): for, door    a(l): talk, walk  a(ll): ball, tall  ay: cause, pause  aw: saw, law Uoo: book, cook     u: put, push  uoo: moon, food     u: ruby, July  ue: blue, true  ew: flew, blew  u-e: rule, fluteu: Dutch, fun    o: son, come  ou: double, southern a: ago, about    e: quiet, happen  i: direct, possible  o: today, second  u: circus, album er: after, sister    or: tailor, actor ur: burn, fur    er: clerk, verb  ir: bird, girlaii.e: bike, kite      y: cry, dry   i: child, kind   ie: die, pie   igh: night, right   auou: cloud, houst      ow: cow, down   ioi: coin, point    oy: boy, enjoy 子音kc: cat, cot, cut     k: key, king  ck: luck, back  lk: talk, walk  q(在u之前): queen, quit  gg: 在a, o, u或者其它子音前        gate, got, green   在字尾：bag, dog  gh: ghost  ff: fan, five     ff: muffin, off  ph: phone, photo  if: shelf, half  gh:（在au, ou）之后， laugh, enough  sC（在i, e, y之前）：circle, cent, cycle     s: sun, bus  ss: boss, kiss  sh: shark, fish        若s和h出现在不同音节，不这么发,如：dishonor,  ti: nation, station  sci: conscience  ch:(常出现在法国字演变成的英文字) chef, chalet  ssi: mission  s: sure, sugar  si: mansion th: thin, bathðth: that, gather  但Thomas, thyme  si: vision, occasion,     s: pleasure, measure  g: fouge, garagetch: cheese, lunch     t: nature, situation  tch: match, catchdg(在i, e, y之前)gentle, giant    j: just, enjoy  age: bridge, judge  d: graduation, educationhh: hat, ham     wh: who, whom, whosenn: can, nest     nn: runner, dinner  kn: knife, signn（在k之后）：pink, think    ng: ring, song  ng发ng的音有finger, kangaroojy: yellow, you     i:onion  子音字母省略不发音的情况：b在t或m前不发音：debt, thumbcck的c不发音：pick, lick   偶尔在s之后不发音：sceneg在n之前不发音：gnash, degigngh在t之前不发音：bought, caughth在r或ki之后不发音：rhyme, khaki 和母音同时出现在字尾：ho, hurrah 偶尔在子音和费重音节母音之间不发音：shepherd 偶尔在字首不发音：hour, honor 在ex之后，exhaustk和n同时出现在字首时不发音：know, kneel在alk, alm, alf中不发音：talk, calm, half 在ould中不发音：should, couldn和m同时出现时不发音：autumn, columnp在n, s, t之前不发音：psychologys偶尔在i之后不发音：island, aisle 在Arkansas字尾的s: Arkansaststen及-stle中的t不发音：fasten, castle 源自法国字的t不发音：depot, balletu偶尔在g和q之后不发音：guardw和r同时出现在字首时不发音：write, wrong 在某些单字中不发音：two, answer, swordUnit 4 Part 1 重音练习本集课当中，我们会学习1）单音节 子音（轻声）+母音（四声）四声；2）二音节。3）三音节。4）四音节。避免查完字典却由于不懂重音的发音规则，而不会念的情况。单词的重音和在句子中每个单词的重音非重音情况，同一句话，因为重音的位置不同，会有不同的意思，这篇发音教程同样分解了听力中的一些技巧。比如可以通过重音的落脚点，判断出ABCD哪个答案是对的。（当然这是投机取巧，还是把发音学到位吧）A. 单音节 子音（轻声）+母音（四声）四声例：go, cat, beat, stopB.二音节例：pretend, tonight, a dog, Who knows?例：sunset, modern, notebook, phone bookC. 三音节例：calendar, article, digital, show me one例： tomorrow， potato, a fruit cake, I love you例： refugee, engineer, on the bus, What a jerk!例：Bill went home;     School is fun;   Tom made lunchD 四音节（例）Hospitable, dictionary, baby-sitter, race car driver（例） invisible, potato chip    How old are you? / What time is it?（例）imitation, introduction    What's the matter? Put your hands up. （例）I want to know.      We played all day.   We took my car.（例）Bears are fuzzy.      Cats eat fish bones.   Mike can hear you.（例）Joe bought a book.      Ed took my car.   Sam's in a bar.PART 2 学习重点1.内容语（名词，动词，形容词，副词）重音2.机能语（冠词，介词，连接词，助动词，代名词）非重音（例）big/ box      It's big. It's box.   It's a big box. It's very big.   It's a very big box（例）good/ book      It's good. It's a book. It's a good book.   It's really good. It's a really good book.（例）phone/ book      It's a phone. It's a book.   It's a phone book.   It's an open phone book.   It's a phone book listing   （例）Mike lobes Mary./ He loves her.      Jean sees Tome./ She sees him.   Eric hats English. / He hates it.比较 有些单词发音虽然相同，却会因重音节位置不同而产生不同的意思，名词具有各自的重音节，但复合名词的重音节则是落在最前面。（例）an English teacher教英文的老师 / an Englsi9h teacher英国籍的老师      a greenhouse温室  / a green house绿色的房子   a woman doctor妇产科医生 / a woman doctor女医生 Peter: How was your vacation?   Mary: Pretty good 很不错啊         Pretry gtood真的很好 Jack: How many are left in the basket?   Joe: Not one.(不止一个)        Not one. （一个也没有了） It's on the table, not under the table. I didn't steal the money. (Some one else stole it.)   I did't steal the money. (That's not true at all)   I did't steal the money. (I just borrowed it.)   I didn't steal the money, (But I stole some other money)   I didn't steal the money. (I had taken some jewelry.)Unit 5 音的变化 子音+母音前字字尾的子音和后字字首的母音连接（例）give up , take out      turn off , take it easy   tell her I miss her. 1）子音+子音前字字尾的子音和后字字首的子音相同，前子音省略。     2）子音pbtdkgfv要轻音化。（例）sit down , credit card , hot dog   I was so happy./ He needs a lot of money.   I have got to go. I havegotta go.   Do you want to dance?Do you wanna dance?母音+母音前字字尾的母音和后字字首的母音中，会多出w 及j的发音。（例）Do I?/ You're so honest. / He is a boy.T. D. S. Z+Y tdsz结尾，接上y开头的字，会产生下列音变（1） T+Y音变（例）Can't you do it? / I'll let you know.      Is that your car? / No, not yet.（2）D+Y音变（例）Did you love me? Could you tell us?      Where did you buy it?（3）S+Y音变（例）God bless you. / Can you dress yourself?       I miss you.（4）Z+Y音变（例） How was your cacation? / He says you're good. /Where's your sister?10