高一英语 必修二语法归纳.doc

如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流高一英语 必修二语法归纳【精品文档】第 18 页New words and expressions1.cultural adj. 文化的        Eg. 在中国 有许多文化遗产，包括古代的花瓶及房子。 There are many cultural relics in China, including ancient vases and houses. culture ucn. 文化 Chinese culture2. rare adj. 稀有的，珍贵的，稀薄的，半熟的Eg. 这些花在这个国家很罕有。 These flowers are rare in this country. 金子是贵重的金属。 Gold is a rare metal. 越往山上爬,空气越稀薄。 The higher you climb up the mountain, the rarer the air is. 我吃了一块做得很嫩的牛排。 I had a rare beef steak. 3. valuable adj. 贵重的，有价值的Eg. 他给我买了一只贵重的戒指作生日礼物。 He bought me a valuable ring as a birthday present. be valuable to /for 对有价值，对.有用Eg. 这一经历对我很有用。 This experience is valuable to me. value n. 价值4. survive v. 幸免，幸存，生还Eg. 在这起车祸中，没有人生还。In the car accident, no one survived. survive on sth 靠生存 Eg.她在沙漠中靠饼干和水生存了一周。She survived on biscuit and water for a week . survive from+时间 流传（保留下来） Eg.这几栋建筑是从清朝流传下来的。These buildings survive from Qing Dynasty. survivor n. 生还者 survival n. 生还5. search v. 搜查Eg.他搜查了这房子的每一个房间。 He searched every room in the house. search for 搜寻Eg. 他们到处搜寻丢失的孩子。They searched for the lost children everywhere. n. 搜查，寻找 in search of 寻找Eg. 他去上海寻找他的妻子。 He went to Shanghai in search of his wife. 6. amaze v. 使吃惊 Eg.你的信令我惊讶。 Your letter amazed me. sb. be amazed at sth. 对.感到惊讶Eg. 我对他所说的感到惊讶。 I was amazed at what he said. amazing adj. 令人惊讶的 amazed adj. 感到惊讶的7. select v. 选择，挑选Eg.最好的机器被选出并送到了展览会。The best machines were selected and sent to the exhibition. 辨析：select/choose/pickchoose和pick 表示选择，口语化，pick带有仔细，精心，挑剔的意味，choose强调最终选定含义。select表示精选，正式,可作选举。8. fancy adj. 奇特的，异样的Eg.他俩都喜欢穿新奇的服装。 Both of them like fancy clothes . v. 爱好，想象fancy doing/ thatEg.我不喜欢在雨中行走。 I don't fancy walking in the rain. 9. decorate v. 装饰，装修decorate A with B 用.A装饰BEg. 大厅里装饰着花朵. The great hall was decorated with flowers. decoration cn. 装饰，装饰品10. belong v. 属于sth. belong to sb. 属于（无进行，无被动）Eg. These cultural relics belong to China. 11. remove v. 移动，搬开Eg.学生们把几张书桌搬到另外一间教室。 Students removed several desks to another classroom. 12. doubt n. 怀疑，疑惑 There is no doubt that毫无疑问.Eg. 毫无疑问，你会成功的。There is no doubt that you will succeed. v. 怀疑，疑惑Eg.我怀疑汤姆是否拿了我的手表。 I doubt whether Tom has taken my watch. 13. worth prep./nsth. be worth sth. /doing sth. 值/值得做.Eg.这条项链值一千美元。 This necklace is worth 1,000 US dollars. 那部小说不值一读。 That novel is not worth reading. worthy adj. 值得的be worthy of sth. .值得. sb. be worthy to do sth值得去做. sth. be worthy to be done. .值得被做.她的行为是值得赞扬的。 Her behavior is worthy of praise. 他应该得到这种荣誉。 He is worthy to receive such honor. 这个建议值得考虑。 This suggestion is worthy to be considered.14. explode v. 爆炸，激增Eg.在最近几年里这个城市的人口急剧增加。 The city's population has exploded in the last few years. 15. in return （for)作为报答，回报Eg.他送了她一些玫瑰以答谢她的好意。 He gave her some roses in return for her kindness. 16. at war处于交战状态Eg. 那两个国家已交战很久了。 Those two countries have been at war for a long time. 17. less than 少于 more than 多于，不仅仅18. take apart 拆开Eg.机器已被拆开。 The machine has already been taken apart. 19. think highly of看重，器重,高度赞扬Eg. 外国人对中国文化评价很高。Unit 2 The Olympic GamesNew words and expressions1 ancient adj. 古代的 Eg.我们对一处古建筑废墟印象颇深。 We were impressed by the ruins of ancient building. adj. 古老的,旧的(old) Eg. 他开着一辆老式汽车。 He drives an ancient car. 2. compete v. 比赛，竞争compete with/against 与竞争 Eg.我们能与最好的队竞争。 We can compete with the best teams. compete for 为竞争 Eg.所有学生都努力学习为奖品而竞争。 All the students work hard to compete for the prize. compete in 在.竞争，参加.竞赛 Eg. 我们应该在贸易方面与其他国家竞争。 We should compete with other countries in trade. competition cn. 比赛，竞赛 competitor cn. 竞争者，选手 competitive adj. 有竞争性的3. medal cn. 奖牌 gold/silver/ copper medal 金/银/铜牌4. mascot cn. 吉祥物 eg. 这支球队的吉祥物是史努比。 The mascot of the football team is Snoopy. 5. volunteer cn. 志愿者 v. 志愿 volunteer to do 自愿做 adj. 自愿的，义务的eg. 这些青年志愿者们自愿到养老院做义工。 These young volunteers volunteered to do volunteer work at old peoples home. 6. regular adj. 规则的 （反义词 irregular)eg. “look”是个规则动词， “see”是个不规则动词。"Look" is a regular verb, but "see" is an irregular verb. 定期的,定时的eg. 他定期看望父母亲。He made a regular visit to his parents. regularly adv. 规则地7.basis cn. 基础，根据（复数bases)eg.她意见的根据是从杂志里看来的。 The bases of her opinion are something she read in the magazine.8. athlete cn. 运动员，运动选手eg. 这位运动员在奥林匹克运动会上获得两块金牌。 The athlete won two gold medals in the Olympics. athletic adj. 擅长运动的athletics 体育运动，竞技9. admit v. （admitted-admitted-admitting) 承认 admit sth. /sth. to be /doing sth./that从句 eg. 他承认了自己的错误。 He admitted his mistakes. 你得承认这个任务是艰巨的。 You must admit the task to be difficult. 我承认打破了窗子。 I admitted breaking the window. 我们必须承认他是个诚实的人。 We have to admit that hes an honest man. 容许，接纳 admit sb. to /into eg. 这家俱乐部去年才接纳女会员。 Women were admitted to/into the club last year.10.host v.做东，主办，招待 eg. 你知道哪个国家将主办这次比赛吗？ Do you know which country will host the competition? n. 主人（hostess)11. responsibility ucn. 责任eg. 小孩子不感到有许多责任。 A little child does not feel much responsibility. cn. 职责 eg. 管家是我的事。 Keeping house is my responsibility. responsible adj. 负责任的，有责任感的 response v. 反应，回答，回应12.replace v. 取代，代替=take the place of=take ones place in place of =instead of eg. 新的经理代替了老王。 The new manager replaced Mr. Wang/ took the place of Mr. Wang/ took Mr. Wangs place. . The new manager began to work in place of Mr. Wang/ instead of Mr. Wang. A be replaced by/with B A被B取代13. charge v. 索价，收费 charge .for sth. 收取某物(钱）eg. 这家商店20个鸡蛋只收取2元钱。The store charged only 2 yuan for 20 eggs. charge sb. with sth. 指控某人某事eg.他被控犯有偷窃行为。 He was charged with stealing. take charge of负责，掌管我不在时汤姆将负责班级。 Tom will take charge of the class when I am away. (sb. )in charge of sth. 某人负责某事，主管（sth. )in the charge of sb. 某事由某人负责eg. 我将负责这个团队。 I will be in charge of this team. 这个团队将由我负责。 The team will be in the charge of me. 14.advertise v. 做广告，登广告宣传eg.如果你要推销自己的产品,你就必须做广告。 If you want to sell your product, you must advertise it. advertise for sth. 为征求.而登广告eg. 那家公司在登广告招聘打字员。The company is advertising fir typists. advertisement cn. 广告，宣传 advertiser cn. 登广告者 advertising 广告业15.bargain v. 讨价还价，讲条件bargain with sb. about/over /for sth. 与.为.讲价eg. 他正和那个渔夫谈价钱。He is bargaining with the fisherman about the price. No bargain!拒绝讲价！ 16. pain ucn. 痛苦eg. 他儿子的死让他很痛苦。 The death of his son gave him too much pain. cn. (身体部位）疼痛eg.她胃痛。 She has a pain in her stomach. v. 感到疼痛eg. 我的胳膊疼。My arm is paining. 17. deserve v. 应受（报答或惩罚），值得eg. 他应该得到这一荣誉。/他应该受到惩罚。 He should deserve this glory./He should deserve the punishment. 18. take part in 指参加有组织的，严肃的，重大的活动 join in 指参加团体，正在进行的活动或游戏等， 有时可与take part in 互换。 join 参加党派 ，组织，成为其中一员，也可用于join sb. in (doing）sth. attend 出席，参加，其后常跟meeting, wedding, lecture, class等。eg. I will _ the wedding tomorrow. She was invited to _ an English club. Would you like to _ the Party? She _ us _ playing cards. All the students will _ the sports meeting next month. 19. stand for 代表，主张，象征eg,橄榄枝象征着和平。The olive branch stands for peace. stand by站在旁边，旁观 stand out显眼，突出20. as well 也，常用于口语，句末 too也，常用于肯定及疑问中，句末 either也，常用于否定句，句末 also也，常用于句中，实前助后 Why dont you come along as well/too? I dont want to go there,either. I also dont want to go there. 21. one after another陆续地，三者以上一个接一个地， 强调连续性 one by one 一个一个地，强调一次一个eg. 参加婚礼的客人陆续来了。The gusts to the wedding came one after another. Unit 3 Computers1. abacus cn. 算盘 an abacus eg. 你知道怎么打算盘吗? Do you know how to work an abacus?2. calculator cn.计算器，计算者eg. 有计算器的人请站旁边。 The persons who have the calculators stand by, please. calculate v. 计算 calculating machine计算器 eg. 他仔细计算开支。 He calculated the costs carefully. 3. analytical =analytic adj. 分析的 analyse /analyze v. 分析 analysis n. 分析4. universal adj. 普遍的，通用的，宇宙的eg. 足球是一项全球性的运动。 Football is a universal game. 污染在世界上是个普遍问题. Pollution is a universal problem in the world. universe n. 宇宙5 .simplify v. 简化eg. 这个题目很复杂,并且难以简化.The subject is so complex and hard to simplify. simple adj. 简单的6. sum cn. 总数 a sum of 的总数,一笔eg. 她买衣服总共花了二百元钱。 She paid the sum of $200 for dresses. 他赚了一大笔钱。 He earned a large sum of money. 7. operator cn. 操作员,接线员operate v. 操作,运营, 动手术operate on sb. eg. 他的公司在几个国家有业务。 His company operates in several countries. 医生立即为她做手术.The surgeon operated on her at once. 8.logical adj. 逻辑的,合情理的eg. 按理说他们是会出席的.It is logical that they will attend.logic n. 逻辑 logically adv. 合乎情理地,逻辑地9. technology n. 技术,工艺eg. 我想主修的专业是信息技术.The major I want to major in is Information Technology. technological adj. 科技的 technologically adv. 科技地10. revolution cn. 革命eg. 中国的革命取得了最终的胜利.The Chinese Revolution got the final success. revolute v. 参加革命 revolutionary adj. 革命的/n. 革命者11. aitificial adj. 人造的,假的 eg.房间用假花装饰。 The room was decorated with artificial flowers. artificially adv. 人工地,人造地12. intelligence ucn. 智力,聪明 eg.显然他是个非常聪明的人。 He's obviously a man of very high intelligence. intelligent adj. 聪明的13. solve v. 解决.解答eg. 在朋友们的帮助下,他终于解决了问题。 With the help of his friends, he finally solved the problem. solution cn. 解决办法14. total adj. 总的,整个的eg. 中国的总人口是多少?Whats the total population of China? n. 总数,合计他们的花费总计一千英镑。 Their expenses reached a total of 1,000 pounds. totally adv. 完全地,整个地= completely/entirely eg. 恐怕我完全把他给忘了. I am afraid that I totally forgot it. 他彻底误会我了.He misunderstood me totally. 15. explore v. 探测,探索eg. 他们在1992年探测过这片沙漠. They explored the desert in 1992. explorer n. 探险家,勘探者 exploration n. 勘探16. anyhow =anyway adv. 无论如何,即使如此eg. 要下雨了,但即使如此,我们还是要走. It may rain, but we shall go anyway. 我无论如何都没法理解. I cant understand it anyhow.17. signal v. 发信号eg. 她举手示意车停下。 She signaled the car to stop by raising her hand. cn. 信号,信号灯信号灯是红色时,火车必须停驶。 The train must stop when the signal's red. 18. arise v. 出现,发生(arose-arisen)eg. 两个伙伴间产生了严重的分歧.Between the two partners serious disagreements arose. 在他们的实验中,出现了意想不到的困难。 Unexpected difficulties arose in their experiment. 19. spoil v. 损坏,宠坏(spoiled-spoiled /spoilt- spoilt)eg. 这场雨弄得我们的野餐一团糟。 The rain spoiled our picnic. 他们宠坏了孩子。 They spoiled their child. 20. fromon 从时起from now on 从现在开始 from then on 从那时起eg. 从今以后过马路要更加小心.Please be more careful when you cross the street from now on. 21. as a result 因此,结果as a result of 由于,作为的结果eg. Tom学习不刻苦,结果没通过考试.Tom didnt work hard. As a result, he failed in the exam. 由于大雨,他错过了航班.As a result of the heavy rain, he missed the flight.22. so (adj./adv.)that 如此以致于eg. 公交车如此拥挤以致于我无法转身.The bus is so crowded that I can hardly turn around. so adj. a/an +n. that. such a/an adj. +n. thateg. 她是这么活泼可爱的女孩,以致于我们都喜欢她.She is so lovely a girl that we all like her. She is such a lovely girl that we all like her. 23. way 短语in the way /ones way挡道,妨碍in a way 在某种程度上in this/that way用这种/那种方法on the /ones way to 在去的路上by the way顺便说说U 4 Wildlife protection1. wildlife n. 野生动植物 /adj. 野生动植物的  wild adj. 野生的,未开发的,荒凉的eg. 花瓶里的那些野花真的很漂亮. The flowers which are in the vase are really pretty. 所有站在这的人都想探索这座荒山. All the people standing here hope to explore the wild mountain. 2. protection ucn. 保护,防护eg. 在法律的保护下,世界上有越来越多的熊猫了. Under the protection of the law, there are more and more pandas in the world. protect v. 保护 protect from/ against保护不受(危害)eg. 他用手套保护手不受冻.He protected his hands from/ against cold with gloves. 我保护自己不受蚊子叮咬.I protected myself from/against mosquitoes. 他们给房顶刷漆是为了防止受雨淋.They painted the roof to protect it from /against rain. 辨析:prevent(from) doing sth. 阻止做stop.(from) doing sth. 阻止做keepfrom doing sth. 阻止做eg. 为了阻止动物被杀,人们把他们放进了动物园.In order to prevent animals from being killed, people put them into the zoo.3. habitat cn. (动物)栖息地,(植物)产地eg. 我喜欢看在自然栖息地里的动物,而不是在动物园里. I prefer to see animals in the habitat rather than in the zoo.habitable adj. 适合居住的 habitant n. 居民 4. threaten v. 恐吓,威胁threaten to do /that 威胁做eg. 他威胁着要报警。 He threatened to call the police /that he would call the police.  threatened adj. 感到受威胁的threatening adj. 威胁的5. decrease v. 减少,(使)变小-(反)increase v. 增加eg. 住房销售量在减少.The house sales are decreasing. 这些措施有助于降低产品成本.These measures help to decrease the cost of production.   6. endanger v. 危害，使受到危险eg. 石油的泄露危及成千上万的鸟儿。 The oil spill endangered thousands of birds.endangered adj. 快要绝种的endangered animals 濒危动物 7. reserve cn. 保护区 nature reserve 自然保护区 v. 预订eg. 我已在饭店预订了一桌菜。 I have reserved a table at the restaurant. v. 保留，储存eg. 这些座位是为特别的来宾保留的。 These seats are reserved for special guests. 8. respond v. 回答，反应，回应 respond to sth. /that 从句eg. 他对我的提议报以一笑。He responded to my suggestions with a laugh. 他回答说他很高兴出席。He responded that he would be pleased to attend. response cn. 回答，回应in response to sth.=as a response to sth. 作为.的回应eg. 应敲门声，他打开了门。He opened the door in response to a knock. 9. relief n. （痛苦或忧虑的）减轻或解除，减轻痛苦的事物eg. 看到我的家人都安然无恙，我感到极大的欣慰。Its a great relief to find my family safe. in relief 如释重负，松了口气to ones relief 令某人宽慰的是 relieve v. 减轻，解除eg. 这个药可以缓解你的头疼。This medicine will relieve your headache.  10. certain adj. 确定的，某一，一定对确定 be certain/sure about/ of sth. be certain/sure that从句 be certain/sure to do sth.  eg. 他们确信会成功. They are certain of/ about success.  They are certain that they will succeed. They are certain to succeed.  昨天有人打过电话给你。 A certain person called you yesterday.  certainly =surely =of course当然 11. contain v. 包含,含有,容纳eg.这药丸中含有多种维生素。 The pill contains vitamins. 这个罐子能装10杯水. The jar can contain ten glasses of water. contain 与include contain指所包含或容纳的全部内容.include 指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去,常使用 “including+被包括部分”或 “被包括部分+included”eg. Sea water _salt. There were 9 people injured in the accident, _3 children. Ther